Digital Collections, Digital Libraries & the Digitization of Cultural Heritage Information

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Keynote Address ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
The Web

This paper is based on the transcript of a largely extemporaneous keynote address given at the Web-Wise 2002 Conference on March 20, 2002 at Johns Hopkins University. It has been edited, but it preserves the character of an informal talk rather than a formal paper. I have taken the opportunity to expand upon or clarify a few points, and have also added a few footnotes and pointers to additional information on some of the topics discussed. Parts of the question and answer segment that were captured as part of the transcript have also been included, though I've had the advantage of being able to reconsider some of my answers while the questioners have not had that opportunity; my apologies to them.

Image embedded metadata in cultural heritage digital collections on the web

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Isa Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Metadata Record ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Digital Collection ◽  
Image Metadata ◽  
The Web

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the availability of embedded metadata within images of digital cultural collections. It is designed to examine a proposed hypothesis that most digitally derived images of cultural resources are stripped of their metadata once they are placed on the web. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 603 images were selected randomly from four cultural portals which aggregate digitized cultural collections, then four steps in the data collection process took place to examine image metadata via the web-based tool and windows application. Findings The study revealed that 28.5 percent of the analyzed images contained metadata, no links exist between image embedded metadata and its metadata record or the pages of the websites analyzed, and there is a significant usage of Extensible Metadata Platform to encode embedded metadata within the images. Practical implications The findings of the study may encourage heritage digital collection providers to reconsider their metadata preservation practices and policies to enrich the content of embedded metadata. In addition, it will raise awareness about the potential and value of embedded metadata in enhancing the findability and exchange of digital collections. Originality/value This study is ground breaking in that it is one of the early studies, especially in the Arab world, which aim to recognize the use of image embedded metadata within cultural heritage digital collections on the web.

scholarly journals Digital Collections and Web 2.0: Investigating Adoption & Participation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Parul Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
North American ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Digital Content ◽  
Quantitative Content Analysis ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
The Web

<p>This study explores how cultural heritage institutions (CHIs) have adopted Web 2.0 principles and applications for their digital collections and how users are responding to the Web 2.0-enabled environment in digital collections. The research aims to contribute discussion on whether CHIs have adapted well to the “democratic” nature of Web 2.0. It also aims to contribute discussion on how CHIs can improve their digital collections to better engage with users online. The research used quantitative content analysis to compare the adoption of Web 2.0 applications and principles across archives, libraries and museums and between Australasian and North American CHIs. It also used quantitative content analysis to explore the types of participatory activities offered in Web 2.0-enabled digital collections and the extent to which users have taken advantage of these forms of participation. One particular form of participation, commenting, was investigated using qualitative content analysis, to gain an understanding of how users respond to digital content. The research suggests that libraries are currently leading the adoption of Web 2.0 principles and applications for digital collections. It also appears that Australasian CHIs have been more proactive, compared to their North American counterparts, in making available Web 2.0-enabled digital collections. The research found that CHIs supported a range of different activities in their digital collections but activities encouraging multivocality and user-driven ranking of content were the most popular among both digital collections and their users.</p>

scholarly journals A nine dimensional framework for digital cultural heritage organizational sustainability

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin R. Eschenfelder ◽  
Kalpana Shankar ◽  
Rachel D. Williams ◽  
Dorothea Salo ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Organizational Sustainability ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Cultural Heritage ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on how library and information science (LIS) as a field operationalizes the concept of organizational sustainability for managing digital resources, projects and infrastructures such as digital libraries and repositories over time. It introduces a nine dimensional framework for organizational sustainability in the digital cultural heritage community. Design/methodology/approach Content analysis of publications from three LIS databases (2000–2015). Findings Comparing the articles to the nine dimension framework shows that most LIS articles discuss technology, financial or management dimensions. Fewer articles describe disaster planning, assessment or policy dimensions. Research limitations/implications Three LIS databases might not include all relevant journals, conferences, white papers and other materials. The data set also did not include books; library management textbooks might include useful material on organizational sustainability. Claims about the prevalence of themes are subject to methodological limits of content analysis. Practical implications Organizations that steward digital collections need to be clear about what they mean when they are referring to organizational sustainability so that they can make appropriate decisions for future-proofing their collections. The analysis would also suggest for a greater need to consider the full range of dimensions of organizational sustainability. Originality/value By introducing a new nine dimensional framework of organizational sustainability the authors hope to promote more and better conversations within the LIS community about organizational sustainability. The authors hope these conversations will lead to productive action and improvements in the arrangements of people and work necessary to keep digital projects and services going over time, given ongoing challenges.

scholarly journals Digital Collections and Web 2.0: Investigating Adoption & Participation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Parul Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
North American ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Digital Content ◽  
Quantitative Content Analysis ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
The Web

<p>This study explores how cultural heritage institutions (CHIs) have adopted Web 2.0 principles and applications for their digital collections and how users are responding to the Web 2.0-enabled environment in digital collections. The research aims to contribute discussion on whether CHIs have adapted well to the “democratic” nature of Web 2.0. It also aims to contribute discussion on how CHIs can improve their digital collections to better engage with users online. The research used quantitative content analysis to compare the adoption of Web 2.0 applications and principles across archives, libraries and museums and between Australasian and North American CHIs. It also used quantitative content analysis to explore the types of participatory activities offered in Web 2.0-enabled digital collections and the extent to which users have taken advantage of these forms of participation. One particular form of participation, commenting, was investigated using qualitative content analysis, to gain an understanding of how users respond to digital content. The research suggests that libraries are currently leading the adoption of Web 2.0 principles and applications for digital collections. It also appears that Australasian CHIs have been more proactive, compared to their North American counterparts, in making available Web 2.0-enabled digital collections. The research found that CHIs supported a range of different activities in their digital collections but activities encouraging multivocality and user-driven ranking of content were the most popular among both digital collections and their users.</p>

Application of linked data technologies in digital libraries: a review of literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Raza ◽  
Khalid Mahmood ◽  
Nosheen Fatima Warraich
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
National Library ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Web

Purpose This paper aims to describe how linked data technologies can change the digital library collections, what are the benefits of linked data applications in digital libraries and what are the challenges of digital libraries in linked data environment. Design/methodology/approach The present study is based on substantial literature review on the applications of linked data technologies in digital libraries. The search engines such as Google, Yahoo and Google Scholar were used to find the relevant literature for the study. Online databases such as Pro Quest, Science Direct, Emerald and JSTORE were also used to find the relevant literature of the study. Databases of Library Sciences Library and Information Science and Technology Abstracts and Library Information Science Abstracts were also used to find the relevant literature of the study. Library, linked data technologies, Semantic Web, digital library and digital collections were the main keywords which were used to find the relevant literature for the study. Findings The evolution of linked data technologies and Semantic Web has changed the traditional role of the libraries. Traditional libraries are converting into digital libraries and digital libraries are in a struggle to publish their resources on the Web using XML-based metadata standards. It has made capable the digital collections to be viewed by machines on the Web just like human. On the emergence of linked data applications in digital libraries, Web visibility of the libraries has been enhanced to provide the opportunities for the users to find their required quality information of libraries round-the-clock on the Web. National Library of France, National Library of Spain, Europeana, Digital Public Library of Americana, Library of Congress and The British Library have taken the initiatives to publish their resources on the Web using linked data technologies. Originality/value This study present several key issues for policy makers, software developers, decision makers and library administrators about linked data technologies and its implementations in digital libraries. The present study may play its role to facilitate the users of the Web who are enthusiastically interested to exploit the quality and authentic library resources on the Web round-the-clock. Search engines will also achieve their longstanding goal to exploit the quality resources of the libraries for their Web users to make their Web appearance more credible and trustworthy.

Multilingual metadata for cultural heritage materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna K. Matusiak ◽  
Ling Meng ◽  
Ewa Barczyk ◽  
Chia-Jung Shih
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Intellectual Control ◽  
The University

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore multilingual access in digital libraries and to present a case study of creating bilingual metadata records for the Tse-Tsung Chow Collection of Chinese Scrolls and Fan Paintings. The project, undertaken at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, provides access to digital copies of calligraphic and painted Chinese scrolls and fans from the collection donated by Prof Tse-Tsung Chow (Cezong Zhou). Design/methodology/approach – This paper examines the current approaches to multilingual indexing and retrieval in digital collections and presents a model of creating bilingual parallel records that combines translation with controlled vocabulary mapping. Findings – Creating multilingual metadata records for cultural heritage materials is in an early phase of development. Bilingual metadata created through human translation and controlled vocabulary mapping represents one of the approaches to multilingual access in digital libraries. Multilingual indexing of collections of international origin addresses the linguistic needs of the target audience, connects the digitized objects to their respective cultures and contributes to richer descriptive records. The approach that relies on human translation and research can be undertaken in small-scale digitization projects of rare cultural heritage materials. Language and subject expertise are required to create bilingual metadata records. Research limitations/implications – This paper presents the results of a case study. The approach to multilingual access that involves research, and it relies on human translation that can only be undertaken in small-scale projects. Practical implications – This case study of creating parallel records with a combination of translation and vocabulary mapping can be useful for designing similar bilingual digital collections. Social implications – This paper also discusses the obligations of holding institutions in undertaking digital conversion of the cultural heritage materials that originated in other countries, especially in regard to providing metadata records that reflect the language of the originating community. Originality/value – The research and practice in multilingual indexing of cultural heritage materials are very limited. There are no standardized models of how to approach building multilingual digital collections. This case study presents a model of providing bilingual access and enhancing the intellectual control of cultural heritage collections.

scholarly journals Towards a Vocabulary to Implement Culturally Relevant Relationships Between Digital Collections in Heritage Institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-137
Author(s):  
Carlos H. Marcondes
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Culturally Relevant ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cidoc Crm ◽  
The Web

Cultural heritage institutions are publishing their digital collections over the web as LOD. This is is a new step in the patrimonialization and curatorial processes developed by such institutions. Many of these collections are thematically superimposed and complementary. Frequently, objects in these collections present culturally relevant relationships, such as a book about a painting, or a draft or sketch of a famous painting, etc. LOD technology enables such heritage records to be interlinked, achieving interoperability and adding value to digital collections, thus empowering heritage institutions. An aim of this research is characterizing such culturally relevant relationships and organizing them in a vocabulary. Use cases or examples of relationships between objects suggested by curators or mentioned in literature and in the conceptual models as FRBR/LRM, CIDOC CRM and RiC-CM, were collected and used as examples or inspiration of cultural relevant relationships. Relationships identified are collated and compared for identifying those with the same or similar meaning, synthesized and normalized. A set of thirty-three culturally relevant relationships are identified and formalized as a LOD property vocabulary to be used by digital curators to interlink digital collections. The results presented are provisional and a starting point to be discussed, tested, and enhanced.

scholarly journals Big Data Analytics for Search Engine Optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis C. Drivas ◽  
Damianos P. Sakas ◽  
Georgios A. Giannakopoulos ◽  
Daphne Kyriaki-Manessi
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Search Engine Optimization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Web

In the Big Data era, search engine optimization deals with the encapsulation of datasets that are related to website performance in terms of architecture, content curation, and user behavior, with the purpose to convert them into actionable insights and improve visibility and findability on the Web. In this respect, big data analytics expands the opportunities for developing new methodological frameworks that are composed of valid, reliable, and consistent analytics that are practically useful to develop well-informed strategies for organic traffic optimization. In this paper, a novel methodology is implemented in order to increase organic search engine visits based on the impact of multiple SEO factors. In order to achieve this purpose, the authors examined 171 cultural heritage websites and their retrieved data analytics about their performance and user experience inside them. Massive amounts of Web-based collections are included and presented by cultural heritage organizations through their websites. Subsequently, users interact with these collections, producing behavioral analytics in a variety of different data types that come from multiple devices, with high velocity, in large volumes. Nevertheless, prior research efforts indicate that these massive cultural collections are difficult to browse while expressing low visibility and findability in the semantic Web era. Against this backdrop, this paper proposes the computational development of a search engine optimization (SEO) strategy that utilizes the generated big cultural data analytics and improves the visibility of cultural heritage websites. One step further, the statistical results of the study are integrated into a predictive model that is composed of two stages. First, a fuzzy cognitive mapping process is generated as an aggregated macro-level descriptive model. Secondly, a micro-level data-driven agent-based model follows up. The purpose of the model is to predict the most effective combinations of factors that achieve enhanced visibility and organic traffic on cultural heritage organizations’ websites. To this end, the study contributes to the knowledge expansion of researchers and practitioners in the big cultural analytics sector with the purpose to implement potential strategies for greater visibility and findability of cultural collections on the Web.

scholarly journals A MODEL BASED ON FUZZY LINGUISTIC INFORMATION TO EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF DIGITAL LIBRARIES

2010 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 455-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. CABRERIZO ◽  
J. LÓPEZ-GIJÓN ◽  
A. A. RUÍZ ◽  
E. HERRERA-VIEDMA
Keyword(s):  
Digital Libraries ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Linguistic Information ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Fuzzy Linguistic ◽  
The Web

The Web is changing the information access processes and it is one of the most important information media. Thus, the developments on the Web are having a great influence over the developments on others information access instruments as digital libraries. As the development of digital libraries is to satisfy user need, user satisfaction is essential for the success of a digital library. The aim of this paper is to present a model based on fuzzy linguistic information to evaluate the quality of digital libraries. The quality evaluation of digital libraries is defined using users' perceptions on the quality of digital services provided through their Websites. We assume a fuzzy linguistic modeling to represent the users' perception and apply automatic tools of fuzzy computing with words based on the LOWA and LWA operators to compute global quality evaluations of digital libraries. Additionally, we show an example of application of this model where three Spanish academic digital libraries are evaluated by fifty users.

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