scholarly journals Impact of climate change on the potato crop and biodiversity in its center of origin

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Quiroz ◽  
David A. Ramírez ◽  
Jürgen Kroschel ◽  
Jorge Andrade-Piedra ◽  
Carolina Barreda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Tuber Initiation ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
Andean Region ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Andean region is the most important center of potato diversity in the world. The global warming trend which has taken place since the 1950s, that is 2-3 times the reported global warming and the continuous presence of extreme events makes this region a live laboratory to study the impact of climate change. In this review, we first present the current knowledge on climate change in the Andes, as compared to changes in other mountain areas, and the globe in general. Then, the review describes the ecophysiological strategies to cope and adapt to changes in atmospheric CO2 levels, temperature and soil water availability. As climate change also has a significant effect on the magnitude and frequency of the incidence of pests and diseases, the current knowledge of the dynamics of vectors in the Andean region is discussed. The use of modeling techniques to describe changes in the range expansion and number of insect pest generations per year as affected by increases in temperature is also presented. Finally, the review deals with the use of crop modeling to analyze the likely impact of projected climate scenarios on potato yield and tuber initiation.

scholarly journals CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON MOUNTAIN BIODIVERSITY: A SPECIAL REFERENCE TO GILGIT-BALTISTAN OF PAKISTAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
S. Ishaq ◽  
M. Z. Khan ◽  
F. Begum ◽  
K. Hussain ◽  
R. Amir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Change Models ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Government ◽  
Gilgit Baltistan ◽  
The Impact

Climate Change is not a stationary phenomenon; it moves from time to time, it represents a major threat to mountainous biodiversity and to ecosystem integrity. The present study is an attempt to identify the current knowledge gap and the effects of climate change on mountainous biodiversity, a special reference to the Gilgit-Baltistan is briefly reviewed. Measuring the impact of climate change on mountain biodiversity is quite challenging, because climate change interacts with every phenomenon of ecosystem. The scale of this change is so large and very adverse so strongly connected to ecosystem services, and all communities who use natural resources. This study aims to provide the evidences on the basis of previous literature, in particular context to mountain biodiversity of Gilgit-Baltistan (GB). Mountains of Gilgit-Baltistan have most fragile ecosystem and are more vulnerable to climate change. These mountains host variety of wild fauna and flora, with many endangered species of the world. There are still many gaps in our knowledge of literature we studied because very little research has been conducted in Gilgit-Baltistan about climate change particular to biodiversity. Recommendations are made for increased research efforts in future this including jointly monitoring programs, climate change models and ecological research. Understanding the impact of climate change particular to biodiversity of GB is very important for sustainable management of these natural resources. The Government organizations, NGOs and the research agencies must fill the knowledge gap, so that it will help them for policy making, which will be based on scientific findings and research based.

scholarly journals The impact of climate change on fish infectious diseases (a review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-110
Author(s):  
Yu. Rud ◽  
◽  
O. Zaloilo ◽  
L. Buchatsky ◽  
I. Hrytsyniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Key Words Climate Change ◽  
Temperature Climate ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. As the climate change impacts freshwater and marine ecosystems, and rising ocean temperatures and acidification continue to this moment, our aim was to analyze the literature and summarize information on the development of fish infectious diseases in the light of global warming. Findings. Even a slight increase in temperature affects the life cycle, physiology, behavior, distribution and structure of populations of aquatic bioresources, especially fish. Recent studies show that some infectious diseases of fish spread much faster with increasing temperature. Climate change contributes to pathogens spread in both marine and freshwater areas. In particular, rising water temperatures can expand the range of diseases. Aquatic bioresources have high cumulative mortality from infectious diseases, and pathogens are rapidly progressing, and these phenomena may be powered by climate change, leading to the geographical spread of virulent pathogens to fisheries and aquaculture facilities, threatening much of global production and food security. The article presents data on the impact of climate change and global warming on aquaculture and fisheries. The list of the main pathogens of fish of various etiology in Ukraine, including viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases is presented. The impact of infectious agents on modern aquaculture is described and the main ideas about the possible long-term consequences of climate change for fish farms are given. Practical Value. The review may be useful for specialists in veterinary medicine, epizootology and ichthyopathology. Key words: climate change, infectious diseases of fish, pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Climat change and its impact on the expansion of the area Ambrosia artemisiifolia in Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
I. Storchous
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Global Nature ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact

Goal. Analysis and generalization of the results of research on the problem of a global nature regarding the expansion of the range of the species Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. as a result of the impact of climate change. Methods. System-analytical, abstract-logical, empirical. Research results. According to research, scientists have predicted that A. artemisiifolia will shift to the northeast and expand its potential range in Europe due to climate change. It has been established that the spread of A. artemisiifolia is facilitated by global warming in Europe, which leads to the manifestation of high invasive potential of the species in wide ranges within Europe. Using ENM, scientists have clearly identified areas that are at risk of spreading and undergoing negative changes. Conclusions. Global warming, which has already taken place, continues to contribute to the further spread and manifestation of the invasive potential of A. artemisiifolia in Europe, according to the simulation results. Multilateral studies by foreign scientists on the impact of climate change on the spread of ragweed have shown that Ukraine is one of the countries in which this vicious species of weed will spread. Such research contributes to the effectiveness of decisions that depend on the protection and preservation of crops, the preservation of the country’s biodiversity, as well as the ability to take into account its impact on public health. Under such conditions, measures for monitoring and management of the species are extremely relevant.

Comparison of five wheat simulation models In southern Alberta

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Touré ◽  
D. J. Major ◽  
C. W. Lindwall
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Epic Model ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
The Impact

Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases are expected to result in global warming which will affect crop production. Crop modelling is a useful tool for assessing the impact of climate change on crop production. The objective of this study was to select an appropriate model for climate change studies. Five simulation models, EPIC, CERES, Century, Sinclair and Stewart, were assessed using data from a long-term experiment begun in 1911 on a clay loam (Dark Brown Chernozem) soil at Lethbridge, AB. Yields predicted by the five models were compared with actual spring wheat yields in continuous wheat, fallow-wheat and fallow-wheat-wheat rotations. The EPIC model gave the best simulation results over all rotations and the most accurate predictions of mean yields during droughts. It was concluded that the EPIC model had the greatest potential for assessing the impact of climate change on wheat yield. The Stewart model was the most accurate for unfertilized continuous wheat and fallow-wheat. The Sinclair model was most accurate for fertilized fallow-wheat and CERES was the most accurate model for fertilized continuous wheat. The Century model simulated average yield accurately but did not account for year-to-year variability. Key words: Global warming, crop simulation, spring wheat yields

Climate instability and emerging tick-borne disease.

2021 ◽  
pp. 259-263
Author(s):  
Janet Foley
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Change Events ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This expert opinion focuses on the impact of climate change events (such as drought, extreme precipitation and wind, global warming) on the emergence and abundance of tick-borne diseases.

scholarly journals Integrating Plant Science and Crop Modeling: Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change on Soybean and Maize Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1833-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
N�ndor Fodor ◽  
Andrew Challinor ◽  
Ioannis Droutsas ◽  
Julian Ramirez-Villegas ◽  
Florian Zabel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
Crop Modeling ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of climate change on food security in South Africa: Current realities and challenges ahead

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshepo S. Masipa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Food Items ◽  
The Impact

This article aims to examine the impact of climate change on food security in South Africa. For this purpose, the article adopted a desktop study approach. Previous studies, reports, surveys and policies on climate change and food (in)security. From this paper’s analysis, climate change presents a high risk to food security in sub-Saharan countries from crop production to food distribution and consumption. In light of this, it is found that climate change, particularly global warming, affects food security through food availability, accessibility, utilisation and affordability. To mitigate these risks, there is a need for an integrated policy approach to protect the arable land against global warming. The argument advanced in this article is that South Africa’s ability to adapt and protect its food items depends on the understanding of risks and the vulnerability of various food items to climate change. However, this poses a challenge in developing countries, including South Africa, because such countries have weak institutions and limited access to technology. Another concern is a wide gap between the cost of adapting and the necessary financial support from the government. There is also a need to invest in technologies that will resist risks on food systems.

scholarly journals Diversity and impacts of key grassland and forage arthropod pests in China and New Zealand: An overview of IPM and biosecurity opportunities

NeoBiota ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 137-168
Author(s):  
Mark R. McNeill ◽  
Xiongbing Tu ◽  
Colin M. Ferguson ◽  
Liping Ban ◽  
Scott Hardwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
The Impact

For both New Zealand and China, agriculture is integral to the economy, supporting primary production in both intensive and extensive farming systems. Grasslands have important ecosystem and biodiversity functions, as well providing valuable grazing for livestock. However, production and persistence of grassland and forage species (e.g. alfalfa) is not only compromised by overgrazing, climate change and habitat fragmentation, but from a range of pests and diseases, which impose considerable costs on growers in lost production and income. Some of these pest species are native, but increasingly, international trade is seeing the rapid spread of exotic and invasive species. New Zealand and China are major trading partners with significant tourist flow between the two countries. This overview examines the importance of grasslands and alfalfa in both countries, the current knowledge on the associated insect pest complex and biocontrol options. Identifying similarities and contrasts in biology and impacts along with some prediction on the impact of invasive insect species, especially under climate change, are possible. However, it is suggested that coordinated longitudinal ecological research, carried out in both countries using sentinel grass and forage species, is critical to addressing gaps in our knowledge of biology and impact of potential pests, along with identifying opportunities for control, particularly using plant resistance or biological control.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity in Nepal: Current Knowledge, Lacunae, and Opportunities

Climate ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aishwarya Bhattacharjee ◽  
José Anadón ◽  
David Lohman ◽  
Tenzing Doleck ◽  
Tarendra Lakhankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact
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