scholarly journals Vote Buying in the 2018 Governorship Election in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cletus Famous Nwankwo
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Electoral Reform ◽  
Vote Buying ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
The Law ◽  
Buying In

AbstractThis paper aims to comment on the manifestation of vote buying regarding voter turnout and voter choices in the 2018 Ekiti governorship election in Nigeria and its implications. The article notes that vote-buying might not have significantly influenced voter turnout, but it changed voters’ choices as the two major political parties in the election resorted to a massive monetary inducement for electoral support at the poll. Even though the election was decided by secret balloting, the advent of “see and buy” shows that politicians are stepping up their games to manipulate elections. The paper thus argues for institutional electoral reform and strengthening the enforcement of the law.

Mobilization Against the Left? Partisan Consequences of Voter Turnout in the Post-Communist Context

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Nový
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Parliamentary Election ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Class Voting ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Explanatory Mechanism

AbstractDoes higher turnout support left-wing parties, as many previous studies assume? Theoretical discussions thus far have been relatively inconclusive. This study proposes three different explanatory mechanisms for examining an aggregate-level relationship between turnout and electoral support for political parties in the post-communist milieu. The conventional hypothesis, based on the assumptions of a successful re-stratification of society and the relevance of class voting, states that higher turnout benefits the left. The second hypothesis is derived from the Michigan model of party identification. In this case, political parties with less loyal electorates would be expected to profit from higher rates of electoral participation. However, this article makes the case for a third possible explanation, termed simply “mobilization against the left,” which reverses the conventional hypothesis. The idea is that the more people come to the polls, the stronger the post-communist right-wing parties will be. This analysis includes two Czech regions that can be said to be farthest away from each other in terms of their socioeconomic and political characteristics. Having analyzed the 2010 Czech parliamentary election results across 1444 electoral districts in two regions, Central Bohemia and Moravia-Silesia, we conclude that there is certain empirical evidence that supports the proposed explanatory mechanism regarding the relationship between voter turnout and share of votes for political parties.

Electoral Clientelism and Vote Buying

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Mixed Strategies ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Vote Buying ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Commitment Problem

Political competition between parties to win electoral support is a distinguishing feature of democratic forms of government. Parties seek to attract electoral support with programmatic promises (public goods, services) for the benefit of all citizens as well as targeted redistribution in several countries, broadly termed as “clientelistic linkages.” Cash, gifts and nonmaterial goods such as jobs, exclusive access to public services are forms of clientelistic goods discussed in the literature. Studies on clientelism have spiked since the last quarter of the 20th century in several disciplines including political science and economics. The studies have clarified the definitions and distinguished between the various forms of clientelism while shedding light on how parties decide to adopt the clientelistic approach, the form of benefits offered, whether groups or individuals are targeted for clientelistic benefits, the mechanisms that solve the political commitment problem inherent in clientelistic relationships, and the correlates and consequences of clientelism. The section on theory outlines a spatial model that predicts when political parties will target swing or core supporters for redistributive benefits. The advances in empirical methods for studying clientelism and vote buying, including experimental methods have provided evidence that politicians target swing or core supporters and at times adopt mixed strategies favoring both groups. The burgeoning empirical literature has clarified the effectiveness of vote-buying as well as anti-vote buying campaigns. A direct relationship between poverty and vote buying is now contested and it is evident that further research, particularly those tying up theory with empirical findings is required to understand clientelism and vote buying.

scholarly journals Vote Buying dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa dan Upaya Penangkalannya : Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Tabanan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Piers Andreas Noak
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Vote Buying ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Regulatory Aspects ◽  
Rational Choice Institutionalism ◽  
The Law ◽  
Buying In

This article aims to analyze the potential for the practice of buying and selling votes or vote buying in the election of village heads or Perbekel in Tabanan Regency, Bali. This article explores regulatory aspects, views, and variations that occur in society, including efforts to reduce the practice of buying and selling votes. In recent years, in every holding of village head elections or perbekel in several areas, there are always vote buying practices and various activities. To answer this question, the study in this article uses empirical legal research which analyzes the implementation of the law regarding village head elections regulation in reality in the community with a focus on two villages in Tabanan Regency, Bali. This article uses interview and documentation for data collection techniques and uses a rational choice institutionalism framework. With this theoretical framework, it tells the empirical facts that the calculated practice of buying votes is determined by calculations that are all profitable for the candidates and the voters. The opportunity for this practice to occur is considered to be large, carried out by perbekel officers with incumbent status. There are several offers to reduce this problem, namely by using a special website that manages the election of perbekel by loading the profile of the perbekel candidates specifically to ensure the accountability of the election. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi terjadinya praktik jual beli suara atau vote buying dalam pemilihan kepala desa atau perbekel di Kabupaten Tabanan, Provinsi Bali. Artikel ini  mengeksplorasi aspek regulasi, pandangan, dan ragam benturan yang terjadi di masyarakat termasuk upaya-upaya pereduksian praktik jual beli suara tersebut. Pada beberapa tahun belakangan, pada setiap penyelenggaraan pemilihan kepala desa atau perbekel serentak pada beberapa wilayah senantiasa di ikuti oleh adanya praktik-praktik jual beli suara atau vote buying dengan beragam bentuk aktifitasnya. Untuk menjawab persoalan tersebut, studi pada artikel ini menggunakan penelitian hukum empiris dimana menganalisis implementasi hukum terkait pelaksanaan regulasi pemilihan kepala desa dalam realitasnya di masyarakat dengan fokus dua desa di Kabupaten Tabanan, Bali. Artikel ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara dan dokumentasi serta dianalisis menggunakan frame teoritik rational choice institusionalism. Melalui frame  teoritik ini memperlihatkan fakta empirik bahwa praktik vote buying  dianggap turut ditentukan oleh kalkulasi-kalkulasi yang serba menguntungkan baik bagi kalangan kandidat maupun masyarakat pemilihnya. Peluang terjadinya praktik ini dianggap berpotensi besar dilakukan oknum perbekel yang berstatus incumbent. Terdapat beberapa tawaran mereduksi persoalan ini , yaitu dengan pemanfaatan website khusus yang mengelola pemilihan perbekel dengan memuat profil perbekel secara khusus untuk menjamin akuntabilitas pemilihan.

scholarly journals The Money that Never Sleeps: Bureaucratic Movement and Vote Buying Dynamics in Bolaang Mongondow, North Sulawesi

PCD Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Nono Sumampouw
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Vote Buying ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Personal Finances ◽  
Massive Scale ◽  
Regional Elections ◽  
Buying In

Financial gifts have been an important, albeit not the only, factor in gathering voter support during regional elections in Indonesia. This article seeks to explore the 'dawn attacks' (serangan fajar) of vote buying in Bolaang Mongondow Regency, a practice that is socially required to gain votes during regional elections. Furthermore, this article explores how vote buying through personal finances and bureaucratic mobilisation has become a dominant factor in regional elections, far more important than institutional resources and conservative political instruments such as political parties. Despite Bolaang Mongondow being a region expected to offer little political and economic potential for vote buying at a massive scale—this regency is far from the national political mainstream, and most residents live quite prosperous and could fulfil their basic needs—these 'dawn attacks' have continued on a massive scale during regional elections. Furthermore, this article explains the context, background, and rationale underlying the practice of vote buying as well as the main actors involved. This article also offers an empirical comparative and theoretical perspective regarding vote buying.

scholarly journals Mobilizace proti levici? Stranické konsekvence volební účasti v kontextu postkomunismu

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Nový
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Class Voting ◽  
Election Results ◽  
Party Support

Does higher turnout support left-wing parties, as many previous studies assume? And does communist legacy somehow project on the mentioned relationship? The theoretical discussion is still relatively unclear. This study proposes three different explanatory mechanisms of examining aggregate-level relationship between turnout and electoral support for political parties in the post-communist milieu. The mainstream hypothesis, based on the assumptions of a successful re-stratification of the society and the relevance of class voting, states that higher turnout benefits the left. The second option is derived from the Michigan model of party identification. In this case, political parties with less loyal electorate should profit from higher rates of electoral participation. However, this article makes a case for a third possible explanation, which turns the conventional hypothesis upside down and can be termed simply as „mobilization against the left“. The idea is that the more people come to the polls, the stronger the post-communist right wing parties will be. Moreover, I include in my analysis only two electoral districts (regions) that can be said to be the farthest away from each other in their socioeconomic and political characteristics. Such an approach makes it possible to answer the question whether the expected effect is uniform or unequal across electoral districts in one country. Based on the analysis of election results in 1444 constituencies of two electoral districts in the Central Bohemian and Moravian-Silesian regions in the 2010 Parliamentary elections, I conclude that the proposed approach to the issue of party support and voter turnout has strong empirical support.

Parliamentarism and the Legislative Branch

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Sajó ◽  
Renáta Uitz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Legislative Branch ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
The Law ◽  
Internal Operations ◽  
Effective Decision Making ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Law Making

This chapter examines the relationship between parliamentarism and the legislative branch. It explores the evolution of the legislative branch, leading to disillusionment with the rationalized law-making factory, a venture run by political parties beyond the reach of constitutional rules. The rise of democratically bred party rule is positioned between the forces favouring free debate versus effective decision-making in the legislature. The chapter analyses the institutional make-up and internal operations of the legislature, the role of the opposition in the legislative assembly, and explores the benefits of bicameralism for boosting the powers of the legislative branch. Finally, it looks at the law-making process and its outsourcing via delegating legislative powers to the executive.

How and Why the Populist Radical Right Persuades Citizens

2019 ◽  
pp. 813-837
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Ivarsflaten ◽  
Scott Blinder ◽  
Lise Bjånesøy
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Large Share ◽  
The Past ◽  
Populist Radical Right ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Party Family ◽  
Established Democracies

The “populist radical right” is a contested concept in scholarly work for good reason. This chapter begins by explaining that the political parties usually grouped together under this label are not a party family in a conventional sense and do not self-identify with this category. It goes on to show how political science scholarship has established that in Europe during the past thirty or so years we have seen the rise of a set of parties that share a common ideological feature—nativism. The nativist political parties experiencing most electoral support have combined their nativist agenda with some other legitimate ideological companion, which provides deniability—a shield against charges that the nativist agenda makes the parties and their supporters right-wing extremist and undemocratic. The chapter goes on to explain that in order to make progress on our understanding of how and why the populist radical right persuades citizens, we need to recognize: first, that nativism is the only necessary ingredient without which the populist radical right loses its force; and second, that nativism in contemporary established democracies has tended not to persuade a large share of voters without an ideological companion.

scholarly journals Preferences, vote choice, and the politics of social investment: Addressing the puzzle of unequal benefits of childcare provision

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
ERIK NEIMANNS
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Vote Choice ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
Electoral Support ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Original Survey

Abstract Research on the politics of social investment finds public opinion to be highly supportive of expansive reforms and expects this support to matter for the politics of expanding social investment. Expanding social investment, it is argued, should be particularly attractive to left-wing voters and parties because of the egalitarian potential of such policies. However, few studies have examined to what extent individual preferences concerning social investment really matter politically. In this paper, I address this research gap for the crucial policy field of childcare by examining how individual-level preferences for expanding childcare provision translate into voting behavior. Based on original survey data from eight European countries, I find that preferences to expand public childcare spending indeed translate into electoral support for the left. However, this link from preferences to votes turns out to be socially biased. Childcare preferences are much more decisive for voting the further up individuals are in the income distribution. This imperfect transmission from preferences to voting behavior implies that political parties could have incentives to target the benefits of childcare reforms to their more affluent voters. My findings help to explain why governments frequently fail to reduce social inequality of access to seemingly egalitarian childcare provision.

The impact of Political Parties Law no. 36 of 2015 on requlatinq political parties pluralism in Iraq

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurdistan Saeed
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Opposition ◽  
The Law ◽  
Lack Of Commitment ◽  
The Impact

This study deals with the political parties’ pluralism in Iraq under the Parties Law No. 36 of 2015. The importance of the study lies in the fact that it looks at a topic that is at the heart of democracy and it is necessary for the success of any democratic processes. The study focuses on parties’ pluralism in Iraq since the establishment of the Iraqi state in 1921 until the end of the Baath Party regime in 2003, it also covers the period after 2003 and pays particular attention to the Parties Law No. 36 of 2015. It focuses on the legal framework of political parties after the adoption of the Political Parties Law and studies the impact of this law on parties’ pluralism in Iraq after its approval in 2015. The study concludes that Law No. 36 of 2015 is incapable of regulating parties’ pluralism for reasons including: the lack of commitment by the political parties to the provisions of the law, the inability of the Parties Affairs Department to take measures against parties that violate the law the absence of a strong political opposition that enhances the role of political parties, the association of most Iraqi parties with foreign agendas belonging to neighboring countries, and the fact that the majority of Iraqi parties express ethnic or sectarian orientations at the expense of national identity.

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