scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED EU COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-207
Author(s):  
Nikola Šubová ◽  
Ladislav Mura ◽  
Ján Buleca
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Financial Vulnerability ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Mortgage Interest ◽  
Tax Relief ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Quantile Estimations

Household debt has been increasing in the last decades, and it poses a threat not only to the financial stability of households but is a precursor of the economic and financial crisis. A downturn caused by the coronavirus pandemic is expected to deepening inequalities, mainly due to the inability of households to repay existing debts or finance basic living needs. Understanding the determinants of household indebtedness and financial vulnerability is crucial for policymakers who process measures to prevent increasing household indebtedness. This paper investigates the determinants of household financial vulnerability in euro area countries using the Household Finance and Consumption Survey micro-dataset collected by the European Central Bank. The quantitative approach was applied using ordinary least square and quantile estimation procedures. The difference between OLS and quantile estimations showed the appropriateness of using the quantile regression approach. Performance analysis proved that only the number of elderly and the value of wealth and existence of mortgage interest tax relief statistically significant affects the level of vulnerability in all three waves. While the increasing number of elderly and greater value of household wealth lowers the vulnerability, the effect of mortgage interest tax relief differs across individual waves. All other used factors are essential and statistically significant for the financial vulnerability of households as well, but the importance and significance could differ across the distribution and individual waves. The effect of financial assets, education, and employment were found to be negative in all observations of all waves. On the other hand, the number of children and the value of households’ real assets is associated with increased financial vulnerability indicators.

FINANCIAL CONTROLLING IN THE SYSTEM OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Petya Yordanova – Dinova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
And Control

This paper explores the comparative analysis of the financial controlling, who is a result from the common controlling concept and the financial management. In the specialized literature, financial controlling is seen as an innovative approach to financial management. It is often presented as the most promising instrument of financial diagnostics. Generally speaking, financial controlling is seen as a process of managing the company`s assets which are valued in monetary measures. The difference between the financial management and the financial controlling is that the second covers all functions of management, analysis and control of finances, aiming at maximizing their effective use and increasing the value of the enterprise. Financial controlling is often seen as a function of the common practice of financial management. Its objective is to preserve the financial stability and financial sustainability of enterprises operating in a highly aggressive business environment.

On the Major Differences between the Banking Systems of the EAEU States

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-406
Author(s):  
T. E. Chekanova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Banking Regulation ◽  
Member States ◽  
Banking Systems ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Major Factors

The presented study examines the problems of integration of the national banking systems of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).Aim. The study aims to examine the major differences in various aspects of functioning of banking systems in the EAEU member states in terms of their impact on integration processes.Tasks. The author identifies the most prominent features of the banking systems of the EAEU states; reveals the depth of the existing differences through a comparative analysis of various indicators of national banking systems; outlines ways of overcoming integration problems associated with differences in the banking sectors of the Union states.Methods. This study is based on universal general scientific methods and elements of comparative, functional, and economic analysis within the framework of a systems approach. The author uses regulatory documents and banking reports of the EAEU states, statistical and analytical materials of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC), and data of Moody’s international rating agency.Results. The study identifies a number of aspects that contain the major differences in the functioning of banking systems in the EAEU member states; highlights the disproportions in the scale, level of development, financial stability, and risks of the banking spheres of the Union states; comparatively analyzes the proportion of banking and non-banking structures in the system and the share of the government and non-resident companies in the capital of banks; marks the difference in the pricing of banking services; determines differences in the existing approaches to banking regulation and the established standards; analyzes the major differences in the legislative acts of the central banks and governments of the EAEU member states and in the terms and definitions used. According to the results of the study, the major factors hindering the development of integration processes between the banking systems of the EAEU states are identified.Conclusions. The existing differences between the banking systems of the EAEU countries are diverse and multifaceted. The author states that the aspects addressed in this study have a significant negative impact on the further development of integration processes, describing the major directions and actions of the member states aimed at minimizing the exiting differences, which are required to facilitate the convergence of the states and the transition towards a common financial market.

scholarly journals Values-Based and Global Systemically Important Banks: Their Stability and the Impact of Regulatory Changes After the Financial Crisis on it

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa Schäfer ◽  
Sebastian Utz
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Bank Stability ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Systemically Important Banks

AbstractWe study the financial stability of Values-Based Banks (VBBs) and Global Systemically Important Banks (GSIBs), and how regulatory changes in the aftermath of the financial crisis affected bank stability. These two types of banks allow contrasting an environmental and social impact banking approach to a conventional one. VBBs exhibit significantly higher financial stability before and during the financial crisis. However, regulatory changes in the aftermath of the financial crisis requiring higher capital buffer, have significantly affected GSIBs and rendered the difference in stability levels insignificant.

scholarly journals Global metabolomic and lipidomic analysis reveals the potential mechanisms of hemolysis effect of Ophiopogonin D and Ophiopogonin D' in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan-Hua Xu ◽  
Zhen-Hong Jiang ◽  
Cong-Shu Huang ◽  
Yu-Ting Sun ◽  
Long-Long Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Active Components ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background OPD and OPD' are the two main active components of Ophiopogon japonicas in Shenmai injection (SMI). Being isomers of each other, they are supposed to have similar pharmacological activities, but the actual situation is complicated. The difference of hemolytic behavior between OPD and OPD' in vivo and in vitro was discovered and reported by our group for the first time. In vitro, only OPD' showed hemolysis reaction, while in vivo, both OPD and OPD' caused hemolysis. In vitro, the primary cause of hemolysis has been confirmed to be related to the difference between physical and chemical properties of OPD and OPD'. In vivo, although there is a possible explanation for this phenomenon, the one is that OPD is bio-transformed into OPD' or its analogues in vivo, the other one is that both OPD and OPD' were metabolized into more activated forms for hemolysis. However, the mechanism of hemolysis in vivo is still unclear, especially the existing literature are still difficult to explain why OPD shows the inconsistent hemolysis behavior in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, the study of hemolysis of OPD and OPD' in vivo is of great practical significance in response to the increase of adverse events of SMI. Methods Aiming at the hemolysis in vivo, this manuscript adopted untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics technology to preliminarily explore the changes of plasma metabolites and lipids of OPD- and OPD'-treated rats. Metabolomics and lipidomics analyses were performed on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system tandem with different mass spectrometers (MS) and different columns respectively. Multivariate statistical approaches such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to screen the differential metabolites and lipids. Results Both OPD and OPD' groups experienced hemolysis, Changes in endogenous differential metabolites and differential lipids, enrichment of differential metabolic pathways, and correlation analysis of differential metabolites and lipids all indicated that the causes of hemolysis by OPD and OPD' were closely related to the interference of phospholipid metabolism. Conclusions This study provided a comprehensive description of metabolomics and lipidomics changes between OPD- and OPD'-treated rats, it would add to the knowledge base of the field, which also provided scientific guidance for the subsequent mechanism research. However, the underlying mechanism require further research.

Array design

1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-991
Author(s):  
Richard A. Haubrich
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Array Design ◽  
Least Square Fit ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Set Of Points ◽  
Array Output

abstract Arrays of detectors placed at discrete points are often used in problems requiring high resolution in wave number for a limited number of detectors. The resolution performance of an array depends on the positions of detectors as well as the data processing of the array output. The performance can be expressed in terms of the “spectrum window”. Spectrum windows may be designed by a general least-square fit procedure. An alternate approach is to design the array to obtain the largest uniformly spaced coarray, the set of points which includes all the difference spacings of the array. Some designs obtained from the two methods are given and compared.

The impact of credit risk on the financial stability of commercial banks in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quoc Anh ◽  
Duong Nguyen Thanh Phuong
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact of credit risk on the financial stability of Vietnamese commercial banks. The paper uses the Z-score to proxy the financial stability of banks. We use the data of 27 Vietnamese commercial banks on BankScope, during 2010 - 2019. The paper applied a dynamic panel data approach; the selected method is the difference GMM (DGMM). The key question discussed is which factor impacts on Z-score. Analysis results show the negative effect of non-performing loans on the financial stability of banks. When commercial banks have higher non-performing loans, the lower the financial stability is. Additionally, bank-specific variables such as equity on asset ratio, the return on equity, the size of the bank and set of macroeconomic variables affect the bank’s financial stability. Based on the analysis results, we imply relevant policies for the State Bank of Vietnam and commercial banks.

Statistical energy analysis as a tool for quantifying sound and vibration transmission paths

1994 ◽  
Vol 346 (1681) ◽  
pp. 449-464 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flow ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Symmetry Relations ◽  
Loss Factors

When a complex structure is excited in several different ways by different sources, the sea energy balance equations result in a set of linear equations that can be used to calculate loss factors, coupling loss factors or net energy flows and incoming powers. If certain symmetry relations are used, and/or if some prior knowledge about the system is available, the set of linear equations is overdetermined and can be solved by a least square technique. A good indicator for the direction of the energy flow is the SEA temperature of the subsystems. Experiments and computer simulations performed on three plate arrangements gave in general good results when the coupling was weak and there were more than three modes in the frequency band of interest. Not so good results were obtained when a small energy flow has to be measured as the difference of large quantities.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Produksi Kalapa Sawit Rakyat Menurut Tipologi Lahan di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Provinsi Riau

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heriyanto Heriyanto ◽  
Asrol Asrol ◽  
Detri Karya ◽  
Verry Yarda Ningsih
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cultivation Techniques ◽  
Coastal Land

Heriyanto et al, 2018. Analysis of the Production Factors of the People's Palm Oil According to the Land Typology in Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. JLSO 7(1): Palm oil commodities are one of the plantation sub-sector commodities that increase the income of farmers and the community, provide processing industry raw materials that create added value. The land cultivated by independent oil palm farmers consists of land land, tidal peatlands, coastal peatlands and coastal land. The difference in typology of this land will contribute to different production. The research aimed to analyze the oil palm production and the dominant factor affecting oil palm production according to the typology of land in Indragiri Hilir Riau Province. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and built multiple regression models with the dummy variable method of Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The results of the study showed that the production of oil palm cultivation on land is the highest compared to the typology of tidal peatland, coastal peat and coastal land. The dominant factors affecting palm oil production in Indragiri Hilir Regency were the amount of fertilizer use, labor, age of plants, herbicides and dummy typology of land. In order to obtain optimal production, this study recommended doing oil palm farming in accordance with the correct cultivation techniques in accordance with the characteristics of land typology. Besides that the use of balanced fertilizer (elements of N, P, and K) in accordance with the recommended needed to be applied.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR DOMINAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI EKONOMI RUMAHTANGGA PETANI PADI SAWAH DI KECAMATAN BATANG TUAKA KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Marissa Chintia ◽  
Syaiful Hadi ◽  
Djaimi Bakce
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Paddy Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Econometric Approach

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the economic decisions of the household paddy farmer associated with the production, allocation of working time, income, and expenditure. To answer the purpose of research conducted by econometric approach using a model of simultaneous equations with the method Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). The data used is the 2016 cross section data which obtained by interviewed 45 paddy farmers in the district of Batang Tuaka. The result showed:Firstly, the dominant factor affected production is harvested area. Secondly, the dominant factors affected allocation of working time are income of farming, allocation of working outside the farming, labor force, age of farmers, the experience of farmers, allocation of working time on farming, farmers education, and the other income of farming.Thirdly, the dominant factors affected other income of farming are allocation of working outside the farming, age of farmers, farmers wife education, and labor force. Fourthly, the dominant factors affected expenditure are household total income, family member, health expenditure, number of children school, harvested area, food consumption, household total expenditure, education invesments, and savings.Policy implications that can be taken by the government to develop paddy farming to increase the production of dried paddy in the district of Batang Tuaka is with the improvement and development of infrastructure and facilities of agriculture. The increase in production to push income needs supported by the pricing of dried paddy pro farmers and stabilize the prices of inputs.

scholarly journals Current trends in the prevalence of asthma-like symptoms in elementary school children

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-140
Author(s):  
Margarita K. Ermakova ◽  
Larisa P. Matveeva ◽  
Natalya R. Kapustina
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
The Difference

Aim. To study the prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA) symptoms among elementary schoolchildren in the Udmurt Republic in the dynamics over 20 years. Materials and methods. A comparative study of the prevalence of BA was carried out. A questionnaire was administered to 2899 parents of first-graders, using the international standardized ISAAC program. Results. The prevalence of BA symptoms on the ISAAC program among elementary schoolchildren in the Udmurt Republic in 2020 was 7.70.2%, being significantly lower than in the previous studies of 2002 and 2009 (p0.001). Conclusion. There was a further downward trend in the prevalence of AD symptoms in younger schoolchildren. The difference between the current symptoms of the disease and the established diagnosis remained rather significant. Reliable (p10.001) increase in the number of children with dry cough, not related to cold, and children with bronchospasm connected with physical load was revealed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document