scholarly journals THE SPECIFICS OF THE COST MEASUREMENT OF THE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN DETERMINING THE DAMAGE FROM ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-78
Author(s):  
Oksana VEKLYCH ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Ecosystem Goods And Services ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Cost Measurement ◽  
The Cost ◽  
First Time

The formalization of the economic damage from the deterioration/destruction of ecosystem services is carried out. On this basis, its output component is designated: the indicator of harm to ecosystem goods and services as assets of natural capital. For the first time, meaningful content of economic damage from the loss of ecosystem goods and services is revealed. Its content is based on the cost estimation of the total amount of harm caused to them (1), the volume of relevant public expenditure and financial resources to replace certain types of ecosystem services, which are lost in whole or in part (2), the costs necessary to prevent harm from the negative socioeconomic and environmental consequences of the loss of ecosystem services (3) and the elimination of these losses (4), as well as lost profits from lost opportunities (income) due to degraded ecosystem services and the resulting social costs (5). It is substantiated that in determining the overall rate of economic damage from environmental pollution by the ecosystem objects, its key parameter is exactly the cost measurement of the value of ecosystem services on the basis of an economic assessment of the degradation changes of ecosystem producers. A consistent parameterization of the economic value of ecosystem services is presented and the applied results of cost estimation of ecosystem services are generalized. These results provide reference methodological support for similar evaluation by other developers, in particular, professional appraisers licensed by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine. The author introduces into scientific use the provisions on determining the economic value of ecosystem services and their contribution to well-being, which were set out in the four most important constitutional official documents developed by the United Nations Statistical Commission, FAO, the IMF and the World Bank in 2012-2017. For the first time, the estimated cost of ecosystem services for the Dnipro river Basin within Ukraine, including the Kiev Region, is calculated. A double excess of the value of ecosystem services of Kiev area (as the region of the middle reaches of the Dnipro Basin) over the value of the regional gross product for the same time period was found. The author proves the necessity to take into account the significant contribution of ecosystem services (or, conversely, their losses) to public income in order to create a scientifically plausible basis for making more substantiated and credible practical decisions when forming and implementing the socio-economic and environmental policies.

DETERMINATION OF ECONOMIC DAMAGE FROM DETERIORATION/DESTRUCTION OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

2018 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Oksana Veklych
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Structural Scheme ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
First Time

The definition of economic damage from the deterioration/destruction of ecosystem services and analytical structuring of the economic loss from it were given for the first time. It was proposed and disclosed the logic-structural scheme that describes the algorithm of the sequence of actions and calculations for carrying out the cost estimation of damage from deterioration/destruction of ecosystem services in order to further substantiate the recommendations for additional filling of local budgets and attraction of targeted investments for implementation of projects aimed at conservation and restoration ecosystems.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF MANGROVE AND ITS ROLE IN THE ECONOMY AND STRATEGY TO CLIMATE CHANGE: CASE STUDY OF CUIARANA, PARÁ, IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Castellón Rodríguez ◽  
Maria Isabel Vitorino ◽  
José Francisco Berrêdo ◽  
Mário Augusto Gonçalves Jardim ◽  
Adriano Marlison Leão de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ecosystem Goods And Services ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Community Assets ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Total Economic Value ◽  
And Storage

ABSTRACT This research aimed to estimate the seasonal economic value of ecosystem goods and services from research on the use of mangroves in the Cuiarana community in the Eastern Amazon. The methodology of Total Economic Value was used, through interviews with 15 residents who extract products from the mangrove. For the ecosystem services, atmospheric carbon (measured by a micrometeorological tower), and organic carbon (monitored by soil sampling during 2017) were used. In determining product values, the quantities extracted at market prices and the value of services were estimated using carbon credits. The results indicate that the ecosystem produces 9 community assets, that generate R$ 75,033.50 (US$ 23,622.93 ha/year) and R$ 17,627.15 (US$ 5,549.58 ha/year) for capture and storage respectively. The VET value corresponded to R$ 986,132.50 (US$ 310,465.79). Ecosystem services and the economic values of atmospheric (p = 0.0278) and soil carbon credit (p = 0.0354) indicated higher importance in the rainy season due to the precipitation that favored an increase in the amount of carbon. This behavior was verified by the Principal Components Analysis (50.1%), which showed that in the less rainy season goods are more important when compared to the ecosystem services.

FORMALIZATION OF VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ECOSYSTEM ASSETS OF SOCIAL-TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Oksana Veklych
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Monetary Valuation ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Value Measurement

The essence of the formalization process is revealed. Its projection on the task of formalizing the value measurement of ecosystem assets of social-territorial communities disclosed three iterative steps of the algorithm for its solution. The last step is to represent ecosystem assets in monetary terms by appropriate calculation formulas (a system of indicators to determine their numerical values), which is achieved by establishing a monetary valuation of their ecosystem goods and services as an indicator of the natural capacity of these ecosystem assets. It is shown that the basic methodological basis for the numerical formalization of monetary calculation of ecosystem assets of socio-territorial communities are the provisions on determining the economic value of ecosystem services and their contribution to welfare, which are enshrined in the four most important constitutive official documents developed by United Nations Statistical Commission, FAO, IMF and World Bank in 2012-2017. It is established that in foreign countries (Great Britain, the Netherlands, the People's Republic of China) these documents are used as a source in the implementation of appropriate valuations of ecosystem services provided by ecosystem assets of certain areas. And the UK in general has introduced such estimates in 2018 in the practice of its state statistical accounting of natural capital on a regular basis. The generalization of the existing as of 2020 foreign developments on monetary valuation of ecosystem services provided by ecosystem assets is carried out. The list of ecosystem services, the cost of which can now be calculated using the appropriate sequences of formulas for their calculation for the final total monetary assessment of ecosystem assets, is presented in tabular format (with address sources). These sources, which contain sequences of the necessary formulas for calculating the monetary contribution of ecosystem services, will be useful to domestic appraisers of ecosystem assets of local communities. It is recommended to creatively and thoughtfully use the already developed positions and sequences of calculation formulas on the outlined topics, which are published in the relevant foreign official procedural methods and in the performed project studies as auxiliary guides, when conducting estimation of specific ecosystem assets of territorial communities of Ukraine.

scholarly journals The total economic value of forest ecosystem services in the tropical forests of Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-503
Author(s):  
K.M. Nitanan ◽  
A. Shuib ◽  
R. Sridar ◽  
V. Kunjuraman ◽  
S. Zaiton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Services ◽  
Use Values ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Total Economic Value

Direct and indirect use of values and non-use values from forest ecosystem services perform an invaluable set of functions that cater to the needs of both living and non-living things. The values include market services obtained from timber and non-timber forest products, and non-market services (recreation, watershed protection and conservation value) were identified as components of the Total Economic Value (TEV). However, it is difficult to assign a monetary value to all goods and services provided by the forest. Failure to conserve the national park will result in the degradation of the forest and a reduction in the contribution of the forest ecosystem services to the community. Based on the result of this study, the TEV value of forest ecosystem services was estimated at RM 13 billion, and the estimation provides policy-relevant information for forest management and conservation purposes in Malaysia.

scholarly journals The Elusive Quest for Valuation of Coastal and Marine Ecosystem Services

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Walter Milon ◽  
Sergio Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Geophysical Processes ◽  
Marine Ecosystem Services ◽  
Policy And Planning

Coastal and marine ecosystem (CME) services provide benefits to people through direct goods and services that may be harvested or enjoyed in situ and indirect services that regulate and support biological and geophysical processes now and in the future. In the past two decades, there has been an increase in the number of studies and journal articles designed to measure the economic value of the world’s CME services, although there is significantly less published research than for terrestrial ecosystems. This article provides a review of the literature on valuation of CME services along with a discussion of the theoretical and practical challenges that must be overcome to utilize valuation results in CME policy and planning at local, regional, and global scales. The review reveals that significant gaps exist in research and understanding of the broad range of CME services and their economic values. It also raises questions about the validity of aggregating ecosystem services as independent components to determine the value of a biome when there is little understanding of the relationships and feedbacks between ecosystems and the services they produce. Finally, the review indicates that economic valuation of CME services has had a negligible impact on the policy process in four main regions around the world. An alternative direction for CME services research would focus on valuing the world’s CME services in a wealth accounting framework.

scholarly journals Economic Valuation of Mangrove Ecosystem Services in Mandah District of Riau Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 007 (02) ◽  
pp. 142-156
Author(s):  
Hades Mandela ◽  
◽  
Achmad Fahrudin ◽  
Gatot Yulianto ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cultural Services ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystems ◽  
Total Economic Value ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Provisioning Services

Mangrove ecosystems become an important ecosystem for the community of Mandah district, this is because the community uses the mangrove ecosystem as a producer of mangrove wood, as well as a place to catch fish, shrimp, and crabs. Therefore, it is important to maintain the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems in multiple ways; one option is by providing an economic report regarding the mangrove ecosystem. The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic value of mangrove ecosystems. This research was conducted in Mandah District using the survey method. Data analysis using economic valuation by calculating the total economic value of mangrove ecosystem services, comprising: supporting services, provisioning services, regulating services, and cultural services. The results showed that the total economic value of mangrove ecosystem services which has an area of 31,007 Ha amounting to IDR 6,100,130,675,685/year or IDR 196,733,985/Ha/year consisting of the value of supporting services amounting to IDR 2,843,521,034,280/year, the value of provisioning services IDR 120,274,922,887/year, the cost of regulatory services is IDR 3,132,894,718,518/year, and the value of cultural services is IDR 3,440,000,000/year. The high economic value of regulating and supporting services indicates that the mangrove ecosystem has a high value of environmental services, so it needs to be preserved and the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem to remain of high economic value.

Valuing marine parks in a small island developing state: a travel cost analysis in Seychelles

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Mwebaze ◽  
Alan MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Seychelles Islands ◽  
The Cost

AbstractA major problem facing the Seychelles islands is the decline in the quality and the value of marine protected areas (MPAs). Economic valuation can help guide policy makers to understand the value of marine resources and the cost of neglecting MPAs by expressing the value of their goods and services in monetary terms. This paper presents an analysis of the economic value of a group of marine parks in Seychelles. The travel cost method is used to establish willingness-to-pay of international tourists for trips to marine parks in Seychelles from their observed behaviour. The average per-trip consumer surplus is approximately €128 for single-site visitors and €65 for multiple-site visitors. The total social welfare value attributable to the recreational opportunity in marine parks is approximately €3.7 million annually. These results provide policy makers with a strong justification for government investment needed to maintain marine sites in Seychelles.

Environmental sustainability

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ekins
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Ecosystem Goods And Services ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Sustainability Standards ◽  
The Cost

This paper reflects on the extensive literature on environmental sustainability that has been produced over the last two decades, and proposes a new approach for environmental policy that goes beyond the cost-benefit analysis that has proved so difficult to implement for non-marginal environmental issues. This approach combines the Safe Minimum Standard approach, which was proposed many years ago, with the concepts of environmental functions and ecosystem goods and services, which have been developed much more recently. It is shown that this approach provides the basis for a robust calculation of sustainability across different environmental themes, following which a ‘sustainability gap’, showing the extent to which this standard is not being met, may be computed. This gap may be expressed in both physical and monetary terms, which permits the formulation of sustainability performance in a scientifically robust, easily communicable indicator that may be compared with GDP. While there appear to be no insurmountable scientific or practical obstacles to the full operationalization of this approach, it remains to be seen whether human societies are sufficiently concerned about the implications of continuing environmental unsustainability to make the resources available for such operationalization, and to enact the policies to allow the sustainability standards to be met.

scholarly journals Valuing Florida Water Resources: Households’ Willingness to Pay for Water Availability

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (6) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Tatiana Borisova ◽  
Fei He ◽  
Xiang Bi ◽  
Kelly Grogan ◽  
Tara Wade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Goods And Services

This paper is a part of the EDIS series “Economic Value of Florida Water Resources”. As the other papers in the series discuss, water resources provide us with a variety of goods and services (often referred to as ecosystem services). This paper discusses another ecosystem service that Florida water resources provide: water supply for households needs. In this article, we present several examples of valuing water availability found in literature and focused on Florida and other regions.

scholarly journals The Identification of Mangrove Ecosystem Services for Decision Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 01019
Author(s):  
Suharno ◽  
Emmy Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Goods And Services

Directly or indirectly, goods and services available in natural ecosystems will contribute to human welfare. The human ability to calculate the economic value of ecosystem goods and services is an important thing to do for integrated environmental decision making, sustainable business practices, and land use planning with its geographical scale, and the level of local-social wisdom. For this reason, a comprehensive review and study are needed by analyzing mangrove ecosystem services. Discussions with in-depth descriptive methods are applied to evaluate mangrove ecosystem services specifically, and focus methods and techniques are used for data analysis, and further to understand their potential and disadvantages.

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