Effects of microbial phytase and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on the absorption of minerals from broiler chicken diets containing different levels of calcium

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didem Hilkat Aksakal ◽  
Tanay Bilal
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
The Other ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Utilisation Rate ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
P Absorption ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various calcium: total phosphorus (Ca:tP) ratios due to addition of microbial phytase and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3] on the absorption levels of minerals. In a 42-day experiment repeated three times, 144 day-old male broiler chicks (ISA 220) were divided into six groups of eight chicks each. Diets containing two different (1:1 and 2:1) Ca levels were prepared. Groups 1, 2 and 3 received a diet of 1:1 Ca:tP ratio while Groups 4, 5 and 6 a diet of 1:2 Ca:tP ratio. These diets contained 1,25-(OH)2D3 and phytase in levels of 5 µg/kg and 600 FYT/kg, respectively. The faeces was collected to analyse the absorption of minerals. At the end of the study, the absorption levels of Ca, P, Zn, Mn and Cu were increased by the addition of phytase enzyme (p < 0.05). This effect was obvious in the 3rd week. On the other hand, in the 6th week only Ca and P absorption levels were influenced positively by the addition of phytase enzyme. The results proved the positive effect of phytase, an enzyme which is used for increasing the utilisation rate of phytate P, Ca and other minerals in broilers.

Distinction between Dolus and Culpa with reference to Arson in Zakon Sudnyj LJudem, the Vinodol Law and the Statute of Senj

De Jure ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Haman ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The Third ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Better Than

The difference between intent (dolus) and negligence (culpa) was rarely emphasized in codified medieval laws and regulations. When compared to the legal statements related to intent, negligence was mentioned even more rarely. However, there are some laws that distinguished between the two concepts in terms of some specific crimes, such as arson. This paper draws attention to three medieval Slavic legal documents – the Zakon Sudnyj LJudem (ZSLJ), the Vinodol Law and the Statute of Senj. They are compared with reference to regulations regarding arson, with the focus being on arson as a crime committed intentionally or out of negligence. The ZSLJ as the oldest known Slavic law in the world shows some similarities with other medieval Slavic legal codes, especially in the field of criminal law, since most of the ZSLJ’s articles are related to criminal law. On the other hand, the Vinodol Law is the oldest preserved Croatian law and it is among the oldest Slavic codes in the world. It was written in 1288 in the Croatian Glagolitic script and in the Croatian Chakavian dialect. The third document – the Statute of Senj – regulated legal matters in the Croatian littoral town of Senj. It was written in 1388 – exactly a century after the Vinodol Law was proclaimed. When comparing the Vinodol Law and the Statute of Senj with the Zakon Sudnyj LJudem, there are clear differences and similarities, particularly in the field of criminal law. Within the framework of criminal offenses, the act of arson is important for making a distinction between intent and negligence. While the ZSLJ regulates different levels of guilt, the Vinodol Law makes no difference between dolus and culpa. On the other hand, the Statute of Senj strictly refers to negligence as a punishable crime. Even though the ZSLJ is almost half a millennium older than the Statute of Senj and around 400 years older than the Vinodol Law, this paper proves that the ZSLJ defines the guilt and the punishment for arson much better than the other two laws.

scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN PERPAJAKAN, SOSIALISASI PERPAJAKAN, DAN PELAYANAN FISKUS TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Meiska Lianty ◽  
Dini Wahjoe Hapsari ◽  
Kurnia K
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Other ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Whole Number ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to discover how the effect of the tax knowledge, tax socialization, and tax authorities service, either simultaneously or partially, on the taxpayers compliance in KPP Pratama Bandung Bojonagara. The research samples are the whole number of the non-employee individual taxpayers in the amount of 100 people. The sampling technique is convenience sampling and the analysis method is using multiple linear regression. Simultaneously, the tax knowledge, the tax socialization, and the tax authorities service significantly affect the taxpayers compliance in KPP Pratama Bandung Bojonagara. Partially, the result shows that both the tax knowledge and the tax authorities service significantly have positive effect and are directly proportional on the taxpayers compliance. On the other hand, the tax socialization has no significant effect on the taxpayers compliance in KPP Pratama Bandung Bojonagara.

Tongues, a Sign for Unbelievers?: A Structural and Exegetical Study of I Corinthians XIV. 20–25

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Johanson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Logical Relation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Sense ◽  
Positive Effect

I Corinthians xiv. 20–25 has long posed severalcruces interpretationisfor commentators. The basic problems concern the relationship of the assertions made about tongues and prophecy in υ. 22 to the quotation of Isa. xxviii. 11–12 in υ. 21 and to the illustrations concerning tongues and prophecy in υυ. 23–5. As to the quotation, J. Ruef remarks that most commentators admit to the difficulty of seeing how it substantiates Paul's conclusion that tongues are meant as a sign for the unbeliever. Concerning the illustrations, both J. Héring and J. P. M. Sweet note that in the light of the assertions we would expect them to be the reverse of what they are. While tongues are asserted to be meant as a sign for unbelievers and prophecy for believers, the illustrations depict the negative effect of tongues upon unbelievers and the positive effect of prophecy not on believers but upon unbelievers. The second assertion (υ. 22b) in particular contradicts the second illustration (υυ. 24–5) in that it clearly states that ‘prophecy is meant as a signnot for unbelieversbut for believers’. This is so if σημεĩον is taken in a positive sense. If, on the other hand, it is taken in a negative sense, the logical relation of this second illustration to the second assertion becomes ambiguous.

6. The why of creativity

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-96
Author(s):  
Vlad Glăveanu
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Creative Expression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Creative People ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Different Levels

This chapter addresses why people engage in creativity. This question can be answered at different levels. On the one hand, one can refer to what motivates creative people to do what they do. On the other hand, the question addresses a deeper level, that of how societies today are built and how they, in turn, construct the meaning and value of creativity. Nowadays, people consider creativity intrinsically valuable largely because of its direct and indirect economic benefits. However, creative expression also has a role for health and well-being. Creativity also relates to meaning in life. The chapter then considers how creativity can be used for good or for evil.

Fillers, Repairs and Repetitions in the Conversations of Saudi English Speakers: Conversational Device or Disfluency Markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Yaseen A. Azi
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Nonnative Speakers ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
The Other ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Normal Speaking

Based on the literature review, the three patterns (fillers, repairs and repetitions) in the conversations of the native English speakers are generally regarded as results of the normal speaking between people. On the other hand, the same patterns in the conversations of the L2 speakers are always seen as a marker of disfluency and linguistic disabilities of the nonnative speakers. Therefore, this study simply focuses on finding how the three disfluency patterns are used by the Saudi English speakers from different levels of fluency. The sampling of the study includes two groups of participants from different fluency levels. Through the transcriptions and the discourse analysis of one hour recoding of the two groups, the results showed that the three patterns (fillers, repairs and repetitions) should not be generally associated with disfluency. Instead, repetitions and self-repairs have been equally used by the two groups and such patterns can be used as a conversational device. However, the filler “uh” with longer pausing can clearly predict disfluency among the Saudi English speakers. 

scholarly journals The Effect of Using Different Levels of Red Ginseng Roots Powder on some Physiological Characteristics of Japanese Quail Males (Coturnix japonica)

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Khalid C.K. Al-Salhie ◽  
Abdulkarim M. Al- Waeli
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coturnix Japonica ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Red Ginseng ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Different Levels

The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding different levels of ginseng roots to the diet on some physiological characteristics of Japanese quail males. A total of 120 Japanese quail males aged one week were used in this study. The males were randomly distributed into four experimental treatments (n=30). Each treatment was replicated three times (10 individual each). Males were fed experimental diets that were formulated to contain the same components as the control diet which contained red ginseng roots powder at levels 250, 500 and 750 mg/ kg feed  in other three experimental diets respectively. The results showed that the males of the fourth treatment recorded the lowest mean of the age of sexual puberty. While the highest average of sexual puberty age was recorded by the males of first treatment. On the other hand, the fourth treatment recorded the highest relative weight of testes compared with the other treatments at the age of 30 and 60 days. The results indicated that the males of the fourth treatment recorded highest Testosterone, FSH and LH levels compared with the other treatments at the age of 60 days. We can conclude from this study that the highest concentration of powder ginseng roots (750mg/kg feed) can promote the development of testes and increase testosterone, FSH and LH hormones in the serum of Japanese quail males.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Financial Performance Of District/City Local Government Of Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristyan Jeffri Nugroho ◽  
Martianus Budiantara
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Positive Effect

The  research aims to find out factors of financial performance of local goverment regencies or city in Yogyakarta. Independent variabel are wealth of local goverment, dependence with central goverment, and local goverment expenditures. On the other hand the dependent variable is financial performance of local goverment as measured by the efficiency ratio. Population of this research are local goverment financial report (LKPD) of Yogyakarta period 2010-2014 audited by BPK. The sample are estimate realization report (LRA) all regencies or city and the province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Hypothesis of this research were examined by using multiple regression in SPSS 16 software. Result of this reearch indicate that wealth of local goverment have significant positive effect on the financial performance of local goverment. Dependence with central goverment have significant positive effect on the financial performance of local goverment. Then, local goverment expenditures also have significant positive effect on the financial performance of local goverment.   Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah kabupaten/kota yogyakarta

scholarly journals Things that can and things that can’t be done in PRA

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Kohlenbach
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Reasoning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Function Parameter ◽  
Recursive Functions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Elementary Analysis ◽  
Primitive Recursive Arithmetic ◽  
Primitive Recursive ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Bounded Sequences

It is well-known by now that large parts of (non-constructive) mathematical reasoning can be carried out in systems T which are conservative over primitive recursive arithmetic PRA (and even much weaker systems). On the other hand there are principles S of elementary analysis (like the Bolzano-Weierstrass principle, the existence of a limit superior for bounded sequences etc.) which are known to be equivalent to arithmetical<br />comprehension (relative to T ) and therefore go far beyond the strength of PRA (when added to T ). <br />In this paper we determine precisely the arithmetical and computational strength (in terms of optimal conservation results and subrecursive characterizations of provably recursive functions) of weaker function parameter-free schematic versions S− of S, thereby<br />exhibiting different levels of strength between these principles as well as a sharp borderline between fragments of analysis which are still conservative over PRA and extensions which just go beyond the strength of PRA.

scholarly journals The Effect of Crowdfunding Methods and Processes on Entrepreneurship Freedom of Innovation and Value of Creation: A Study in Business Incubators in Jordan

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanadi Salameh ◽  
Enad Quandah ◽  
Dr. Hanadi
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Positive Effect

This research investigates the effect of crowdfunding on entrepreneurship. The population of the study includes Jordanian entrepreneurs, (200) questionnaires were distributed among 200 Jordanian entrepreneurs; the (200) questionnaires were all collected. The researcher used the quantitative research methods in the form of simple liner regression and multi regression. The study confirms that there is a positive impact of crowdfunding on entrepreneurship in general as well as entrepreneurs’ freedom of innovation and value of creation. In addition, it was realized that out of the four investigated crowdfunding methods:  reward, pre-purchasing, donation, equity and lending, the pre-purchasing method has the most positive influence on entrepreneurship freedom of innovation and value of creation. On the other hand, reward, equity, and lending did not contribute any significant effect on entrepreneurship’s value of creation and freedom of innovation compared to the latter two. Furthermore, both crowdfunding processes of all-or- nothing and keep-it-all have significant effect on entrepreneurship with the latter process having a more significant effect than the former.  This study confirmed the positive effect of crowdfunding methods and processes on Jordanian entrepreneurship in term of value of creation and freedom of innovation.

scholarly journals New Method to Calculate the Level of Consistency of the Pauli & Kraepelin Tests

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigit Haryadi ◽  
Salma Huda California
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Method ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Made In

In this paper, we proposed a modification of the measurement of the personality consistency level of the Pauli &amp; Kraepelin Test in the field of psychology, using the formula made in April 2016, by Sigit Haryadi, and named "the Harmony in Gradation" or “the Haryadi Index”. The purpose of this proposal is because the existing formula uses only the mean value of the deviation, which leads to the possibility that the result of consistency measurement on people whose facts are different levels of consistency will be considered to have the same consistency level, on the other hand, the proposed method will be more accurate and precise in terms of providing an assessment of the level of personality consistency of a person.

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