Instrumentation of a conventional hardness tester for load-displacement measurement during indentation

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Pharr ◽  
R. F. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Standard Equipment ◽  
New Device ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Surface Contact Area ◽  
Plastic Responses ◽  
Elastic Unloading ◽  
Microhardness Tester

A conventional microhardness tester has been instrumented with a piezoelectric load cell and capacitance displacement gages to measure load and displacement during indentation. As in other recently-developed load and displacing sensing indentation instruments, the new device can be used to measure a variety of mechanical properties, but has the advantage of being relatively inexpensive to assemble since many of its components are standard equipment. Tests were performed on soda-lime glass and an aluminum alloy, demonstrating the diversity of material elastic-plastic responses under indentation, particularly in the unloading cycle. The data suggest that models of elastic unloading based on invariant indenter-surface contact area may not be general, and may lead to underestimates of hardness and modulus.

Experimental Investigation the Effect of Cleaning on the Optical and Mechanical Properties of PV Module Glasses

2020 ◽  
Vol 990 ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
Nardia Zubir ◽  
Md. Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Nasrudin Abd Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Glass Cover ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Optical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Cleaning

Poor transmission of sunlight through the top glass cover is one of the major hindrances in realizing better performance from a PV module. Adoption of appropriate cleaning technique might enhance glass transmissivity to a good extent. In the present study, the effect of manual cleaning with nylon sponge, microfiber cloth and nylon brush on optical and mechanical properties of PV glass have been investigated for several samples of borosilicate and soda lime glasses. Examination of transmittance of the samples using UV-VIS NIR scanning spectrophotometer confirmed enhanced transmissivity. Borosilicate glass exhibited better performance in terms of transmissivity as compared to soda lime glass. Cleaning with nylon sponge shows the highest transmittance of 91.98% for borosilicate glass at 630 nm wavelength and that of 91.094% with soda lime at 525 nm wavelength.

Effect of the Substrate on Microindentation Behavior

1993 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J. Lardner ◽  
J.E. Ritter ◽  
H.B. Karamustafa
Keyword(s):  
Load Capacity ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Epoxy Coating ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Pile Up ◽  
Substrate Hardness

ABSTRACTA continuous microindentation apparatus was constructed with a maximum load capacity of 45 N (resolution of 0.1 N) and with a maximum displacement of 500 μm (resolution of 2.0 μm) and used to test bulk materials (brass, aluminum, steel, soda-lime glass and PMMA) and epoxy coatings on substrates of aluminum, steel, soda-lime glass and PMMA. The hardness (H) was determined with a Vickers indenter and compared to that obtained with a Tukon hardness tester. The elastic modulus of the coated systems was also estimated from the unloading curves. In general, we found that the indentation behavior of the epoxy coated system was influenced by the substrate with softer substrates (as with PMMA) being deformed before the indenter penetrates the coating. With all coated systems, the on-load value of H was independent of the penetration depth until the indenter penetrated the substrate. For the aluminum, steel and soda-lime glass substrates, the value of H after penetration increased slowly due to the pile up of the epoxy coating underneath the indenter supporting more of the load. For the PMMA substrate, hardness decreased after penetration because the hardness of PMMA was less than the epoxy coating.

Effects of Waste Soda-Lime Glass Sand and Glass Fiber on Physical and Mechanical Properties of None-Autoclaved Aerated Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 1023 ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Inzhu Mukangali ◽  
Chang Seon Shon ◽  
Kirill Kryzhanovskiy ◽  
Di Chuan Zhang ◽  
Jong Ryeol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete ◽  
Glass Sand ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Compressive And Flexural Strengths

This paper investigates the combined effect of waste soda-lime glass sand and glass fiber on the physical and mechanical properties of none-autoclaved aerated concrete (NAAC). The use of both soda-lime glass sand and glass fiber can provide silica-rich materials in the aerated concrete and can enable the elimination of an autoclaved curing by enhancing the physical and mechanical properties in aerated concrete. In this study, a total of six mixture proportions were designed to evaluate these properties in NAAC. The mixture parameters included the partial substitutions of normal sand with soda-lime glass sand (0%, 15%, and 30%) and glass fiber (1%, 2%, and 3%). A series of tests were conducted to determine density, absorption, porosity, and both compressive and flexural strengths of the NAAC. Test results present that the increase of glass sand content leads to the increasing of both compressive and flexural strengths. Moreover, the combination of the use of glass sand with glass fiber also increases the strength up to 2 times (the mixture of 30% glass sand and 3% glass fiber). Furthermore, test results indicate the relatively good relationship between the density, porosity, and of NAAC with good accuracy.

scholarly journals Influence of soda-lime waste glass microparticles on workability and thermal properties of portland cement compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (335) ◽  
pp. 192 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. C. S. Alvarenga ◽  
O. M. Heiderick ◽  
T. A. Couto ◽  
P. R. Cetlin ◽  
R. B. C. Sales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Setting Times ◽  
Thermal Emissivity ◽  
Cement Compounds

Numerous studies have investigated the use of waste glass as a partial substitution in Portland cement. Nonetheless, it seems there is no consensus about the influence of particle size and color on the behavior of the compounds. This work investigates the influence of soda-lime glass microparticles on the properties of cement and mortar in both fresh and hardened states. The effects of partial substitution (10 and 20%) of the cement by colorless and amber glass particles with dimensions of approximately 9.5 mm were investigated. The results revealed that the substitutions did not significantly affect the setting times, nor the mechanical properties of mortar at longer curing times. The influence of glass content and chemical composition on workability and hydration heat was also observed. The waste glass samples showed lower thermal diffusivity than the control sample. Thermal emissivity was not influenced by the presence of glass microparticles.

Effect of silver nitrate on some mechanical properties of heat polymerizing acrylic resins

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Assiss. Prof. Dr. Sabiha Mahdi Mahdi ◽  
Dr. Firas Abd K. Abd K.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
The Difference

Aim: The aimed study was to evaluate the influence of silver nitrate on surfacehardness and tensile strength of acrylic resins.Materials and methods: A total of 60 specimens were made from heat polymerizingresins. Two mechanical tests were utilized (surface hardness and tensile strength)and 4 experimental groups according to the concentration of silver nitrate used.The specimens without the use of silver nitrate were considered as control. Fortensile strength, all specimens were subjected to force till fracture. For surfacehardness, the specimens were tested via a durometer hardness tester. Allspecimens data were analyzed via ANOVA and Tukey tests.Results: The addition of silver nitrate to acrylic resins reduced significantly thetensile strength. Statistically, highly significant differences were found among allgroups (P≤0.001). Also, the difference between control and experimental groupswas highly significant (P≤0.001). For surface hardness, the silver nitrate improvedthe surface hardness of acrylics. Highly significant differences were statisticallyobserved between control and 900 ppm group (P≤0.001); and among all groups(P≤0.001)with exception that no significant differences between control and150ppm; and between 150ppm and 900ppm groups(P>0.05).Conclusion: The addition of silver nitrate to acrylics reduced significantly the tensilestrength and improved slightly the surface hardness.

Highly efficient biocide silver-doped soda lime glass for application in water quality optical sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 857-862
Author(s):  
Branimir Bajac ◽  
Jovana Stanojev ◽  
Slobodan Birgermajer ◽  
Milena Radojevic ◽  
Jovan Matovic
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Highly Efficient

scholarly journals Microfabrication and Surface Functionalization of Soda Lime Glass through Direct Laser Interference Patterning

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Marcos Soldera ◽  
Sabri Alamri ◽  
Paul Alexander Sürmann ◽  
Tim Kunze ◽  
Andrés Fabián Lasagni
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Direct Laser

All-purpose glasses are common in many established and emerging industries, such as microelectronics, photovoltaics, optical components, and biomedical devices due to their outstanding combination of mechanical, optical, thermal, and chemical properties. Surface functionalization through nano/micropatterning can further enhance glasses’ surface properties, expanding their applicability into new fields. Although laser structuring methods have been successfully employed on many absorbing materials, the processability of transparent materials with visible laser radiation has not been intensively studied, especially for producing structures smaller than 10 µm. Here, interference-based optical setups are used to directly pattern soda lime substrates through non-lineal absorption with ps-pulsed laser radiation in the visible spectrum. Line- and dot-like patterns are fabricated with spatial periods between 2.3 and 9.0 µm and aspect ratios up to 0.29. Furthermore, laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) with a feature size of approximately 300 nm are visible within these microstructures. The textured surfaces show significantly modified properties. Namely, the treated surfaces have an increased hydrophilic behavior, even reaching a super-hydrophilic state for some cases. In addition, the micropatterns act as relief diffraction gratings, which split incident light into diffraction modes. The process parameters were optimized to produce high-quality textures with super-hydrophilic properties and diffraction efficiencies above 30%.

scholarly journals Thermophysical Properties of Cement Mortar Containing Waste Glass Powder

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Oumaima Nasry ◽  
Abderrahim Samaouali ◽  
Sara Belarouf ◽  
Abdelkrim Moufakkir ◽  
Hanane Sghiouri El Idrissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
Volumetric Specific Heat ◽  
Waste Glass Powder

This study aims to provide a thermophysical characterization of a new economical and green mortar. This material is characterized by partially replacing the cement with recycled soda lime glass. The cement was partially substituted (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60% in weight) by glass powder with a water/cement ratio of 0.4. The glass powder and four of the seven samples were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The thermophysical properties, such as thermal conductivity and volumetric specific heat, were experimentally measured in both dry and wet (water saturated) states. These properties were determined as a function of the glass powder percentage by using a CT-Meter at different temperatures (20 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C and 50 °C) in a temperature-controlled box. The results show that the thermophysical parameters decreased linearly when 60% glass powder was added to cement mortar: 37% for thermal conductivity, 18% for volumetric specific heat and 22% for thermal diffusivity. The density of the mortar also decreased by about 11% in dry state and 5% in wet state. The use of waste glass powder as a cement replacement affects the thermophysical properties of cement mortar due to its porosity as compared with the control mortar. The results indicate that thermal conductivity and volumetric specific heat increases with temperature increase and/or the substitution rate decrease. Therefore, the addition of waste glass powder can significantly affect the thermophysical properties of ordinary cement mortar.

X‐ray shielding parameters of lanthanum oxide added waste soda‐lime glass

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskender Akkurt ◽  
Kadir Gunoglu ◽  
Recep Kurtuluş ◽  
Taner Kavas
Keyword(s):  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Soda Lime Glass ◽  
X Ray
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