scholarly journals Molecular Transport Junctions: An Introduction

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherie R. Kagan ◽  
Mark A. Ratner
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Molecular Transport ◽  
Molecular Junction ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Molecular Scale ◽  
Molecular Charge ◽  
Made In

AbstractThis issue of MRS Bulletin on molecular transport junctions highlights the current experimental and theoretical understanding of molecular charge transport and its extension to the rapidly growing areas of molecular and carbon nanotube electronics. This introduction will outline the progress that has been made in understanding the mechanisms of molecular junction transport and the challenges and future directions in exploring charge transport on the molecular scale. In spite of the substantial challenges, molecular charge transport is of great interest for its intrinsic importance to potential single-molecule electronic, thin-film electronic, and optoelectronic applications.

Where to now?

1987 ◽  
Vol 317 (1184) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Made In

This paper is concerned with looking into the future and trying to discern the shape of the directions nitrogen fixation research will take. Accordingly, much of it may be proved incorrect or impracticable; this is the danger for anyone who makes forecasts. It seems clear that, although rapid progress is being made in our theoretical understanding of the nitrogen fixation process, little of that progress has yet been applied in a practical sense to improve crop production. Our future directions need to encompass this phase of application. One of the dilemmas is to decide how to use our techniques: to forge new nitrogen-fixing systems or associations, or to improve existing ones, or to pursue some combinations of the two. In the legume systems, there is still much slack in technology to be taken up across the world. Simple problems in production, such as widespread boron deficiency in Thailand, remain to be corrected. Some questions to be considered include the following: (i) The ability to manipulate expression of sym and nif genes exists; what are we going to do with it? (ii) Acid tolerance in legume bacteria remains a major problem. What conditions such tolerance, and how can it be recognized and exploited? (iii) Nitrogen fixation in legume nodules depends on dicarboxylate supplies from the plant, apparently because the legume controls what the nodule bacteroids receive. Would a greater supply of dicarboxylates improve nitrogen fixation? Would making other classes of substrates available to bacteroids in larger amounts have beneficial effects? (iv) ‘Alternative’ nitrogenases are now known; can they be used beneficially in existing or new systems?

scholarly journals Conformations of cyclopentasilane stereoisomers control molecular junction conductance

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 5657-5662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixing Li ◽  
Marc H. Garner ◽  
Zhichun Shangguan ◽  
Qianwen Zheng ◽  
Timothy A. Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transport ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Gold Electrodes ◽  
Molecular Junction ◽  
Ring Conformation ◽  
Single Molecule Junctions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Junction Conductance

Here we examine the impact of ring conformation on the charge transport characteristics of cyclic pentasilane structures bound to gold electrodes in single molecule junctions.

Noise properties of thin-film Ni-P resistors embedded in printed circuit boards

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-735
Author(s):  
A.W. Stadler ◽  
Z. Zawiślak ◽  
W. Stęplewski ◽  
A. Dziedzic
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Noise Component ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Resistance Bridge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Signal Path ◽  
Resistance Fluctuations ◽  
Made In

Abstract. Noise studies of planar thin-film Ni-P resistors made in/on Printed Circuit Boards, both covered with two different types of cladding or uncladded have been described. The resistors have been made of the resistive-conductive-material (Ohmega-Ply©) of 100 Ώ/sq. Noise of the selected pairs of samples has been measured in the DC resistance bridge with a transformer as the first stage in a signal path. 1/f noise caused by resistance fluctuations has been found to be the main noise component. Parameters describing noise properties of the resistors have been calculated and then compared with the parameters of other previously studied thin- and thick-film resistive materials.

Inflammatory Markers Associated With Diabetes Mellitus – Old and New Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emir Muzurović ◽  
Zoja Stanković ◽  
Zlata Kovačević ◽  
Benida Šahmanović Škrijelj ◽  
Dimitri P Mikhailidis
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Made In

: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic and complex metabolic disorder, and also an important cause of cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs). Subclinical inflammation, observed in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM), cannot be considered the sole or primary cause of T2DM in the absence of classical risk factors, but it represents an important mechanism that serves as a bridge between primary causes of T2DM and its manifestation. Progress has been made in the identification of effective strategies to prevent or delay the onset of T2DM. It is important to identify those at increased risk for DM by using specific biomarkers. Inflammatory markers correlate with insulin resistance (IR) and glycoregulation in patients with DM. Also, several inflammatory markers have been shown to be useful in assessing the risk of developing DM and its complications. However, the intertwining of pathophysiological processes and the not-quite-specificity of inflammatory markers for certain clinical entities limits their practical use. In this review we consider the advantages and disadvantages of various inflammatory biomarkers of DM that have been investigated to date as well as possible future directions. Key features of such biomarkers should be high specificity, non-invasiveness and cost-effectiveness.

Correlating Charge Transport Properties of Conjugated Polymers in Solution Aggregates and Thin‐Film Aggregates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Pei ◽  
Zi-Yuan Wang ◽  
Lucia Di Virgilio ◽  
Ze-Fan Yao ◽  
Zi-Di Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Transport Properties

scholarly journals Mechanical single-molecule potentiometers with large switching factors from ortho-pentaphenylene foldamers

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinshi Li ◽  
Pingchuan Shen ◽  
Shijie Zhen ◽  
Chun Tang ◽  
Yiling Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transport ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Helical Structures ◽  
Anchoring Groups ◽  
Molecular Conductance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Helical Molecules ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractMolecular potentiometers that can indicate displacement-conductance relationship, and predict and control molecular conductance are of significant importance but rarely developed. Herein, single-molecule potentiometers are designed based on ortho-pentaphenylene. The ortho-pentaphenylene derivatives with anchoring groups adopt multiple folded conformers and undergo conformational interconversion in solutions. Solvent-sensitive multiple conductance originating from different conformers is recorded by scanning tunneling microscopy break junction technique. These pseudo-elastic folded molecules can be stretched and compressed by mechanical force along with a variable conductance by up to two orders of magnitude, providing an impressively higher switching factor (114) than the reported values (ca. 1~25). The multichannel conductance governed by through-space and through-bond conducting pathways is rationalized as the charge transport mechanism for the folded ortho-pentaphenylene derivatives. These findings shed light on exploring robust single-molecule potentiometers based on helical structures, and are conducive to fundamental understanding of charge transport in higher-order helical molecules.

scholarly journals Implantable Thin Film Devices as Brain-Computer Interfaces: Recent Advances in Design and Fabrication Approaches

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Yuhao Zhou ◽  
Bowen Ji ◽  
Minghao Wang ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Shuaiqi Huangfu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nano Fabrication ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Continuous Progress ◽  
Open Mesh ◽  
Remarkable Progress ◽  
Thin Film Devices ◽  
Made In

Remarkable progress has been made in the high resolution, biocompatibility, durability and stretchability for the implantable brain-computer interface (BCI) in the last decades. Due to the inevitable damage of brain tissue caused by traditional rigid devices, the thin film devices are developing rapidly and attracting considerable attention, with continuous progress in flexible materials and non-silicon micro/nano fabrication methods. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically summarize the recent development of implantable thin film devices for acquiring brain information. This brief review subdivides the flexible thin film devices into the following four categories: planar, open-mesh, probe, and micro-wire layouts. In addition, an overview of the fabrication approaches is also presented. Traditional lithography and state-of-the-art processing methods are discussed for the key issue of high-resolution. Special substrates and interconnects are also highlighted with varied materials and fabrication routines. In conclusion, a discussion of the remaining obstacles and directions for future research is provided.

Advances in the study of the mechanochemical coupling of kinesin

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (18) ◽  
pp. 1840001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Zhong-Can Ou-Yang ◽  
Yao-Gen Shu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Intracellular Transport ◽  
Coordination Mechanism ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Mechanochemical Coupling ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Made In

Kinesin is a two-headed linear motor for intracellular transport. It can walk a long distance in a hand-over-hand manner along the track before detaching (i.e., high processivity), and it consumes one ATP molecule for each step (i.e., tight mechanochemical coupling). The mechanisms of the coordination of its two heads and the mechanochemical coupling are the central issues of numerous researches. A few advances have been made in recent decades, thanks to the development of single-molecule technologies and molecular dynamics simulations. In this paper, we review some progress of the studies on the kinematics, energetics, coordination mechanism, mechanochemical mechanism of kinesin. We also present a personal perspective on the future studies of kinesin.

Phosphindole fused pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrroles: a new single-molecule junction for charge transport

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (19) ◽  
pp. 6347-6352
Author(s):  
Di Wu ◽  
Jueting Zheng ◽  
Chenyong Xu ◽  
Dawei Kang ◽  
Wenjing Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transport ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
High Thermostability ◽  
New Family ◽  
Luminescence Efficiency ◽  
Molecule Junction ◽  
Single Molecule Junction

A new family of phosphindole fused ladder-type heteroacenes with a pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole core were synthesized and characterized, which show good luminescence efficiency, high thermostability and tunable conductance.

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