Polymer-Supported Membranes: Physical Models of Cell Surfaces

The functional modification of solid surfaces with plasma membrane models has been drawing increasing attention as a straightforward strategy to bridge soft biological materials and hard inorganic materials. Planar model membranes can be deposited either directly on solid substrates (solid-supported membranes), or on ultrathin polymer supports (polymer-supported membranes) that mimic the generic role of the extracellular matrix and the cell surface. The first part of this review provides an overview of advances in the fabrication of polymer-supported membranes. The middle section describes how such thin polymer interlayers can physically modulate the membrane–substrate contact. The last section introduces several methods to localize membranes and membrane proteins. Finally, some ideas are presented on combining supported membrane concepts with semiconductor technology toward applications in materials science.

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Mechanisms of Metal Removal by Impacting Dust Particles

Journal of Basic Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.3425091 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 639-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

C. E. Smeltzer ◽

M. E. Gulden ◽

W. A. Compton

Keyword(s):

Materials Science ◽

Alloy Composition ◽

Metal Removal ◽

Physical Models ◽

Dust Particles ◽

True Temperature ◽

Solid Particle Erosion ◽

Experimental Phase ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Erosion Mechanisms

This is a two-part paper, which stresses the materials science approach to understanding dust erosion mechanisms. The first part is an experimental phase, studying the effects upon solid-particle erosion, of such material and environmental variables as target alloy composition and heat-treat condition; dust particle velocity, size, concentration, velocity, and kinetic energy; carrier-gas true temperature and impingement angle. All test variables and their limits were chosen to simulate the range of engineering conditions and erosive environments encountered in helicopter turbine service. Actual erosion data are compared with erosion levels predicted by existing theories on particulate erosion. The second part is a diagnostic phase, programmed to detect and study visible phenomena associated with the erosion processes, using high-magnification electron microscopy. Phenomenological evidence obtained from the erosion surfaces and erosion products are used to define probable physical models of the erosion mechanisms.

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Chemical transformations with regenerable, polymer-supported trisubstituted phosphine dichlorides. Efficacious incorporation of phosphorus reagents on polymer supports

Journal of the American Chemical Society ◽

10.1021/ja00827a034 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 96 (20) ◽

pp. 6469-6475 ◽

Cited By ~ 99

Author(s):

Howard M. Relles ◽

Robert W. Schluenz

Keyword(s):

Chemical Transformations ◽

Polymer Supports ◽

Polymer Supported

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Soluble polymer-supported organocatalysts

Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.1351/pac-con-12-05-03 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 493-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Yun-Chin Yang ◽

David E. Bergbreiter

Keyword(s):

Transition Metal ◽

Organic Synthesis ◽

Metal Catalysts ◽

Transition Metal Catalysts ◽

Soluble Polymer ◽

Soluble Polymers ◽

The Past ◽

Polymer Supports ◽

Polymer Supported ◽

Simple Product

Organocatalysts have been extensively studied for the past few decades as alternatives to transition-metal catalysts. Immobilizing organocatalysts on polymer supports allows easy recovery and simple product purification after a reaction. Select examples of recent reports that describe the potential advantages of using soluble polymers to prepare soluble polymer-supported organocatalysts useful in organic synthesis are reviewed.

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ChemInform Abstract: CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS WITH REGENERABLE, POLYMER-SUPPORTED TRISUBSTITUTED PHOSPHINE DICHLORIDES, THE EFFICACIOUS INCORPORATION OF PHOSPHORUS REAGENTS ON POLYMER SUPPORTS

Chemischer Informationsdienst ◽

10.1002/chin.197450349 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 5 (50) ◽

pp. no-no

Author(s):

HOWARD M. RELLES ◽

ROBERT W. SCHLUENZ

Keyword(s):

Chemical Transformations ◽

Polymer Supports ◽

Polymer Supported

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Self-driving laboratory for accelerated discovery of thin-film materials

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.aaz8867 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (20) ◽

pp. eaaz8867 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

B. P. MacLeod ◽

F. G. L. Parlane ◽

T. D. Morrissey ◽

F. Häse ◽

L. M. Roch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Materials Science ◽

Perovskite Solar Cells ◽

Hole Mobility ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Research Process ◽

Hole Transport ◽

Inorganic Materials ◽

Consumer Electronics ◽

Energy Applications

Discovering and optimizing commercially viable materials for clean energy applications typically takes more than a decade. Self-driving laboratories that iteratively design, execute, and learn from materials science experiments in a fully autonomous loop present an opportunity to accelerate this research process. We report here a modular robotic platform driven by a model-based optimization algorithm capable of autonomously optimizing the optical and electronic properties of thin-film materials by modifying the film composition and processing conditions. We demonstrate the power of this platform by using it to maximize the hole mobility of organic hole transport materials commonly used in perovskite solar cells and consumer electronics. This demonstration highlights the possibilities of using autonomous laboratories to discover organic and inorganic materials relevant to materials sciences and clean energy technologies.

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NanoSIMS Imaging and Analysis in Materials Science

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1146/annurev-anchem-092019-032524 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 273-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kexue Li ◽

Junliang Liu ◽

Chris R.M. Grovenor ◽

Katie L. Moore

Keyword(s):

Materials Science ◽

Boundary Segregation ◽

Chemical Imaging ◽

Inorganic Materials ◽

Light Elements ◽

Efficient Detection ◽

Good Spatial Resolution ◽

Wide Range ◽

Nanosims Analysis ◽

Oil Gas

High-resolution SIMS analysis can be used to explore a wide range of problems in material science and engineering materials, especially when chemical imaging with good spatial resolution (50–100 nm) can be combined with efficient detection of light elements and precise separation of isotopes and isobaric species. Here, applications of the NanoSIMS instrument in the analysis of inorganic materials are reviewed, focusing on areas of current interest in the development of new materials and degradation mechanisms under service conditions. We have chosen examples illustrating NanoSIMS analysis of grain boundary segregation, chemical processes in cracking, and corrosion of nuclear components. An area where NanoSIMS analysis shows potential is in the localization of light elements, in particular, hydrogen and deuterium. Hydrogen embrittlement is a serious problem for industries where safety is critical, including aerospace, nuclear, and oil/gas, so it is imperative to know where in the microstructure hydrogen is located. By charging the metal with deuterium, to avoid uncertainty in the origin of the hydrogen, the microstructural features that can trap hydrogenic species, such as precipitates and grain and phase boundaries, can be determined by NanoSIMS analysis on a microstructurally relevant scale.

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David Colin Sherrington. 5 March 1945—4 October 2014

Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society ◽

10.1098/rsbm.2017.0021 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 367-385

Author(s):

Randal W. Richards ◽

Philip Hodge

Keyword(s):

Cationic Polymerization ◽

Scientific Activity ◽

Early Years ◽

Porous Polymer ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Research Career ◽

Polymer Supports ◽

Reactive Polymers ◽

Polymer Supported

David Colin Sherrington began life as a Liverpool docker's son and became an internationally recognized authority on reactive polymers and using polymer-supported reagents in novel applications. His research career began at University of Liverpool with his PhD work on the mechanisms of cationic polymerization. From 1972 until retirement in 2010, Strathclyde University was his chief research base. In the very early years he continued with mechanistic and kinetic studies of cationic polymerization, but soon moved to the field of polymer-supported reactions and reagents, to which he devoted the rest of his research career. An important contribution to the direction of his scientific activity was the secondment years he spent at Unilever, where he became involved in polymeric high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs). In the following years, he devoted much effort to accurate characterization of these and other porous polymer supports, frequently involving him in learning new techniques (e.g. neutron scattering). An important feature was the use of polymer supports to catalyse oxidation reactions, especially olefin epoxidation. He gained valuable insight into many aspects of his research from the many visiting professorships over his career. He was involved on the editorial board of Reactive Polymers continuously from 1982 until 2010 and he was awarded many honours. His free time was mainly devoted to fishing, particularly for salmon, an activity he shared with his wife and a group of friends for many years. His warmth, intellect and clear interest in the careers of his research students were key components in creating the polymer ‘family’ to which they belonged. His years of retirement were saddened by multiple system atrophy, a devastating illness throughout which he was cared for by Val, his wife.

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