Thermal Stability and Analysis of Laser Deposited Platinum Films

2000 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Berry ◽  
J.A. Cairns ◽  
M.R. Davidson ◽  
Y.C. Fan ◽  
A.G. Fitzgerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Annealing Conditions ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Induced Decomposition

ABSTRACTAs the trend towards device miniaturisation continues, surface effects and the thermal stability of metal deposits becomes increasingly important. We present here a study of the morphology and composition of platinum films, produced by the UV-induced decomposition of organometallic materials, under various annealing conditions. The surface composition of the metal deposits was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, both as-deposited and following thermal treatment. In addition, the morphology of the surface was studied by atomic force microscopy which enabled the investigation of film restructuring. These studies were performed over a range of temperatures up to 1000°C in air and up to 600°C in reducing environments. Complementary information regarding the film morphology has been obtained from transmission electron microscopy. The data has been used to provide an insight into the effects of elevated temperatures on metal films deposited by a direct write method

Interface structure and formation between gold and trimethylcyclohexane polycarbonate

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 3538-3543 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. v. Bechtolsheim ◽  
V. Zaporojtchenko ◽  
F. Faupel
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Metal Diffusion ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

This paper presents the results of a systematic investigation of structure and formation of the interface between gold and trimethylcyclohexane polycarbonate, particularly concerning interface evolvement during gold evaporation and the influence of evaporation rate, substrate temperature, and subsequent annealing. The means of investigation were cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Extensive metal diffusion into the polymer and cluster formation near the interface were observed at deposition rates of the order of one monolayer per minute and below. The penetration depth is strongly temperature dependent. At high evaporation rates metal aggregation at the surface prevents cluster formation inside the polymer. No diffusion into the polymer was observed from metal films deposited at room temperature after extensive annealing at elevated temperatures.

scholarly journals Structural and optical properties of HDPE implanted with medium fluences silver ions

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-198
Author(s):  
Milos Nenadovic ◽  
Danilo Kisic ◽  
Miljana Mirkovic ◽  
Snezana Nenadovic ◽  
Ljiljana Kljajevic
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

The implantation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has been conducted using Ag+ ions with energy of 60 keV, achieved fluences 1.5 and 10?1015 ions/cm2. Transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and field emission gun - scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) showed the existence of nanoparticle clusters. X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed the presence of silver in the sample surface region. The surface topography was studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM), while the surface composition uniformity was analyzed using phase imaging AFM. Optical characterization obtained by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) showed changes in refractive index, extinction coefficient and the optical band gap with the fluence of implanted ions.

Curcumin delivery by modified biosourced carbon-based nanoparticles

Nanomedicine ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Danafar ◽  
Marziyeh Salehiabar ◽  
Murat Barsbay ◽  
Hossein Rahimi ◽  
Mohammadreza Ghaffarlou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Free System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Mcf 7 ◽  
Carbon Based

Aim: To prepare a novel hybrid system for the controlled release and delivery of curcumin (CUR). Methods: A method for the ultrasound-assisted fabrication of protein-modified nanosized graphene oxide-like carbon-based nanoparticles (CBNPs) was developed. After being modified with bovine serum albumin (BSA), CUR was loaded onto the synthesized hybrid (labeled CBNPs@BSA–CUR). The structure and properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were elucidated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods. Results: CBNPs@BSA–CUR showed pH sensitivity and were calculated as controlled CUR release behavior. The drug-free system exhibited good biocompatibility and was nontoxic. However, CBNPs@BSA–CUR showed acceptable antiproliferative ability against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Conclusion: CBNPs@BSA–CUR could be considered a highly promising nontoxic nanocarrier for the delivery of CUR with good biosafety.

scholarly journals Mechanism of improvement of TiN-coated tool life by nitrogen implantation

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 3293-3303 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Bull ◽  
Yu. P. Sharkeev ◽  
S. V. Fortuna ◽  
I. A. Shulepov ◽  
A. J. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Nitrogen Implantation ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Tin Coatings ◽  
Coated Tools ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Coated Tool

The life of TiN-coated tools can be improved by a post-coating ion implantation treatment, but the mechanism by which this occurs is still not clear. Nitrogen implantation of both physical-vapor-deposited TiN and CVD TiN leads to surface softening as the dose increases, which has been attributed to amorphization. In this study a combination of transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy was used to characterize the microstructure of implanted TiN coatings on cemented carbide for comparison with mechanical property measurements (nanoindentation, residual stress, etc.), made on the same samples. Ion implantation leads to a slight reduction in the grain size of the TiN in the implanted zone, but there is no evidence for amorphization. Surface softening is observed for physical-vapor-deposited TiN, but this is probably due to a combination of changes in surface composition and the presence of a layer of bubbles generated by the very high implantation doses used.

SELF-ASSEMBLED Ge-DOTS FOR Si SOLAR CELLS

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (28n29) ◽  
pp. 4347-4351 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. PRESTING ◽  
J. KONLE ◽  
H. KIBBEL
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
P Type

Silicon solar cells with embedded germanium (Ge) layers deposited as 3-dimensional islands in the Stranski-Krastanov growth mode have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) to enhance the efficiency of Si thin film solar cells. The Ge-layers increase the infrared absorption in the base of the cell to achieve higher photocurrent which should overcome the loss in the open circuit voltage due to incorporation of a smaller bandgap material in the heterostructure. Up to 75 layers of Ge, each about 8 monolayers (ML) thick, separated by Si-spacer layers (9-18nm) have been deposited at rather elevated temperatures (700°C) on a standard 10Ωcm p-type Si-substrate. Island densities of 1011 cm -2 have been achieved by use of antimony (Sb) as surfactant. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the growth of Ge-islands under variuos growth conditions. Photocurrent measurements exhibit a higher photo-response in the infrared regime but a lower open circuit voltage of the fabricated solar cells compared to a Si-reference cell.

Ta2O5-Incorporated WO3 Nanocomposite Film for Improved Electrochromic Performance in an Acidic Condition

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3572-3576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Sang Shim ◽  
Hyo-Jin Ahn ◽  
Youn-Su Kim ◽  
Yung-Eun Sung ◽  
Won Bae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Potential Cycling ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Continuous Potential ◽  
Chemical States ◽  
The Stability

We report electrochromic and electrochemical properties of a WO3-Ta2O5 nanocomposite electrode that was fabricated from co-sputtering. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)images of the WO3-Ta2O5 nanocomposite electrode revealed that morphology of the WO3 film was changed by incorporation of Ta2O5 nanoparticles, and their chemical states were confirmed to be W6+ and Ta5+ oxides from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The introduction of Ta2O5 to the WO3 film played a role in alleviating surface roughness increase during continuous potential cycling; whereas the surface roughness of the WO3 film was increased from ca. 3.0 nm to ca. 13.4 nm after 400 cycles, the roughness increase on the WO3-Ta2O5 was significantly reduced to 4.2 nm after 400 cycles, as investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). This improvement of the stability by adding Ta2O5 may be responsible for the enhanced electrochemical and optical properties over long-term cycling with the WO3-Ta2O5 nanocomposite electrode.

Electroless Synthesis of 1.4 nm Pd and Pt Nanoparticles on Self-Assembled Rosette Nanotubes

2011 ◽  
Vol 1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Chhabra ◽  
Hicham Fenniri
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Rosette Nanotubes ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Self Assembled

ABSTRACTElectroless synthesis and hierarchical organization of 1.4 nm Pd and Pt nanoparticles (NPs) on self-assembled Rosette Nanotubes (RNTs) is described. The nucleated NPs are nearly monodisperse and reveal supramolecular organizations guided by RNT templates. Interestingly, the narrow size distribution is attributable to unique templating behavior of RNTs. The resulting metal NP-RNT composites were characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was also performed to confirm the nature and composition of RNT-templated NPs.

Carbon nanotubes and metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines-based materials for electroanalysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (07n08) ◽  
pp. 713-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
José H. Zagal ◽  
Sophie Griveau ◽  
Mireya Santander-Nelli ◽  
Silvia Gutierrez Granados ◽  
Fethi Bedioui
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

We discuss here the state of the art on hybrid materials made from single (SWCNT) or multi (MWCNT) walled carbon nanotubes and MN4complexes such as metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines. The hybrid materials have been characterized by several methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electrochemical microscropy (SECM). The materials are employed for electrocatalysis of reactions such as oxygen and hydrogen peroxide reduction, nitric oxide oxidation, oxidation of thiols and other pollutants.

scholarly journals Ultrashort Pulsed Laser Ablation of Magnesium Diboride: Plasma Characterization and Thin Films Deposition

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela De Bonis ◽  
Agostino Galasso ◽  
Antonio Santagata ◽  
Roberto Teghil
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Laser Target ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

A MgB2target has been ablated by Nd:glass laser with a pulse duration of 250 fs. The plasma produced by the laser-target interaction, showing two temporal separated emissions, has been characterized by time and space resolved optical emission spectroscopy and ICCD fast imaging. The films, deposited on silicon substrates and formed by the coalescence of particles with nanometric size, have been analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The first steps of the films growth have been studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy. The films deposition has been studied by varying the substrate temperature from 25 to 500°C and the best results have been obtained at room temperature.

scholarly journals Facile Synthesis of Highly Conductive Vanadium-Doped NiO Film for Transparent Conductive Oxide

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5415
Author(s):  
Ashique Kotta ◽  
Hyung Kee Seo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Transparent Conductive Oxide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Conductive Oxide ◽  
P Type

Metal-oxide-based electrodes play a crucial role in various transparent conductive oxide (TCO) applications. Among the p-type materials, nickel oxide is a promising electrically conductive material due to its good stability, large bandgap, and deep valence band. Here, we display pristine and 3 at.%V-doped NiO synthesized by the solvothermal decomposition method. The properties of both the pristine and 3 at.%V:NiO nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The film properties were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a source meter. Our results suggest that incorporation of vanadium into the NiO lattice significantly improves both electrical conductivity and hole extraction. Also, 3 at.%V:NiO exhibits a lower crystalline size when compared to pristine nickel oxide, which maintains the reduction of surface roughness. These results indicate that vanadium is an excellent dopant for NiO.

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