Development and Characterization of Borosilicate Glasses for Immobilization of Plutonium-containing Alkaline Sludges

2000 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Aloy ◽  
O.A. Iskhakova ◽  
T.I. Koltsova ◽  
A.V. Trofimenko ◽  
L.J. Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Content ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
Electron Probe Analysis ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ray Methods

ABSTRACTSeveral glasses were melted using laboratory-scale microwave (MW) equipment to study the vitrification of Pu-containing sludges from the Mining and Chemical Combine in Zheleznogorsk, Russia. This work is part of an effort to identify glass compositions that can be adopted for industrial scale production. The glass must meet durability requirements and have good technological properties for long-term storage and geologic disposal.Electron Probe Analysis (EMPA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and x-ray methods were used to characterize glasses containing 50 wt% solid sludge residues with high sodium content.Leach tests of 3, 7, 14, and 28 day durations were performed using the MCC-1 method at 90°C. The surface of the glass was analyzed before and after leaching. Based on the observed results, there are differences in the behavior of Pu and U for the glasses tested, and glass durability is dependent on homogeneity, the uranium oxidizing state, and the SiO2/Na2O+Li2O ratio.

Simulation of Self-Irradiation of High-Sodium Content Nuclear Waste Glasses

2006 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael I. Ojovan ◽  
Olga G. Batyukhnova ◽  
Michael I. Ojovan ◽  
William E. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Na Release ◽  
Elemental Release

AbstractAlkali-borosilicate glasses are widely used in nuclear industry as a matrix for immobilisation of hazardous radioactive wastes. Durability or corrosion resistance of these glasses is one of key parameters in waste storage and disposal safety. It is influenced by many factors such as composition of glass and surrounding media, temperature, time and so on. As these glasses contain radioactive elements most of their properties including corrosion resistance are also impacted by self-irradiation.The effect of external gamma-irradiation on the short-term (up to 27 days) dissolution of waste borosilicate glasses at moderate temperatures (30¢X to 60¢XC) was studied. The glasses studied were Magnox Waste glass used for immobilisation of HLW in UK, and K-26 glass used in Russia for ILW immobilisation. Glass samples were irradiated under ×-source (Co-60) up to doses 1 and 11 MGy. Normalised rates of elemental release and activation energy of release were measured for Na, Li, Ca, Mg, B, Si and Mo before and after irradiation. Irradiation up to 1 MGy results in increase of leaching rate of almost all elements from both MW and K-26 with the exception of Na release from MW glass. Further irradiation up to a dose of 11 MGy leads to the decrease of elemental release rates to nearly initial value. Another effect of irradiation is increase of activation energies of elemental release.

scholarly journals Characterization of Postharvest Fungicide-Resistant Botrytis cinerea Isolates From Commercially Stored Apple Fruit

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne M. Jurick ◽  
Otilia Macarisin ◽  
Verneta L. Gaskins ◽  
Eunhee Park ◽  
Jiujiang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Sublethal Dose ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Pose Control ◽  
First Time

Botrytis cinerea causes gray mold and is an economically important postharvest pathogen of fruit, vegetables, and ornamentals. Fludioxonil-sensitive B. cinerea isolates were collected in 2011 and 2013 from commercial storage in Pennsylvania. Eight isolates had values for effective concentrations for inhibiting 50% of mycelial growth of 0.0004 to 0.0038 μg/ml for fludioxonil and were dual resistant to pyrimethanil and thiabendazole. Resistance was generated in vitro, following exposure to a sublethal dose of fludioxonil, in seven of eight dual-resistant B. cinerea isolates. Three vigorously growing B. cinerea isolates with multiresistance to postharvest fungicides were further characterized and found to be osmosensitive and retained resistance in the absence of selection pressure. A representative multiresistant B. cinerea strain caused decay on apple fruit treated with postharvest fungicides, which confirmed the in vitro results. The R632I mutation in the Mrr1 gene, associated with fludioxonil resistance in B. cinerea, was not detected in multipostharvest fungicide-resistant B. cinerea isolates, suggesting that the fungus may be using additional mechanisms to mediate resistance. Results from this study show for the first time that B. cinerea with dual resistance to pyrimethanil and thiabendazole can also rapidly develop resistance to fludioxonil, which may pose control challenges in the packinghouse environment and during long-term storage.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FREEZING ON THE MILK QUALITY OF COWS

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Lyubov Valentinovna Efimova ◽  
Tatyana Vyacheslavovna Zaznobina ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Gatilova ◽  
Olga Valeryevna Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Frozen State ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Two Age Groups

Due to the fact that milk has a short shelf life, the issue of its freezing and long-term storage in the frozen state is relevant. A study was conducted on the effect of freezing on the milk quality after its defrosting of cows-mothers and cows-daughters of Red-Motley breed. As a result, it was established how milk quality indicators to change after five months of storage in a frozen state in cows of two age groups. A high correlation was established between quality indicators before and after freezing. The influence of the “freezing” factor on milk quality indicators was recognized statistically significant, the “generation” factor – not significant.

scholarly journals Does long-term storage of clay samples influence their mechanical characteristics?

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha Abdellaziz ◽  
Mahmoud N. Hussien ◽  
Mohamed Chekired ◽  
Mourad Karray
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Prime Objective ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The prime objective of this study is to assess the influence of long-term storage on the physical and mechanical characteristics of clay samples. Samples from two different clays were sealed and stored in a temperature- and humidity-controlled room at the geotechnical laboratory of the Université de Sherbrooke for up to 27 years. The stored clay samples were tested before and after long-term storage and the results compared in this note. The comparison showed that even with long-term storage, the majority of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the samples were preserved.

scholarly journals Potential of Advanced Consolidants for the Application on Sandstone Rocks: A Comparative Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Remzova ◽  
Radek Zouzelka ◽  
Jaroslav Lukes ◽  
Jiri Rathousky
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Degree Of Consolidation ◽  
Drilling Resistance

To achieve efficient and durable consolidation of weathered sandstone, the selection of a suitable consolidant is essential. To reasonably assess the suitability of different formulations, it is fundamental to compare their performance as a consolidant within a substrate, which reliably models the properties of deteriorated material. As a test substrate, the sandstone from quarries in Mšené in central Bohemia was selected, for its developed porosity and relatively low mechanical strength. To obtain relevant comparison of their application potential, both commercial (Remmers KSE OH and Surfapore) and self-developed consolidants were included. To test the long-term stability of each consolidant, the stone was subjected to accelerated weathering. The characterization of texture properties was based on the physical sorption of nitrogen and krypton, mercury intrusion porosimetry and water uptake. While the mechanical properties in microscale were determined by nanoindentation, the mechanical strength in macroscale before and after consolidation was measured by drilling resistance. Both commercial exhibited good mechanical performance with reasonable durability. The performance of our developed samples was comparable or, in some cases, superior. Very interesting were the consolidants containing TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles, the former exhibiting comparable degree of consolidation and durability as commercial ones, with additional photocatalytic function, the latter unusually high increase in the mechanical strength, even after the weathering test. The diammonium hydrogen phosphate based consolidant showed exceptional durability in the weathering test, which makes it a promising product not only for carbonate but also sandstone materials.

scholarly journals Resveratrol prevents amyloid fibrillation of insulin by arresting it in a bioactive oligomeric form

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bani Kumar Pathak ◽  
Debajyoti Das ◽  
Sayan Bhakta ◽  
Partha Chakrabarti ◽  
Jayati Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Natural Polyphenol ◽  
Oligomeric Form ◽  
Amyloid Fibrillation

AbstractInsulin fibrillation is a limiting factor for its long-term storage because of considerably reduced bioavailable moieties. Deposition of fibrillated insulin can also cause subcutaneous insulin amyloidoma. Toxic phenolic compounds along with Zinc are used during commercial preparation of insulin to stabilize it in a hexameric form. Designed or repurposed natural small molecules with anti-amyloidogenic properties could thus be attractive agents for preventing insulin fibrillation. Natural polyphenolic compounds which have been shown to serve as anti-amyloid agents for proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases are potential candidates for such function.In this study we have demonstrated that resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, can not only prevent insulin fibrillation but can also preserve insulin in a bioactive oligomeric form even at high temperature. While investigating the influence of some natural polyphenols on human insulin (hINS) in a condition inductive to amyloid fibrillation at physiological pH, we found attenuation, to different extents, of insulin fibril formation. However, visualization of polyphenol-treated hINS revealed that resveratrol in particular has the unique ability to arrest hINS before the onset of fibrillation growth in soluble oligomeric forms with discrete spherical morphology. Importantly, insulin treated with resveratrol retains its full biological activity in vivo and exerts no toxicity towards cell lines. Structural characterization of the major population of resveratrol-induced insulin oligomers by cryo-EM and single particle 3D reconstruction revealed its morphology that resembled crystal structure of insulin hexamer formulated with phenolic compounds. Thus, our study suggests that resveratrol can be an effective nontoxic substituent of phenolic compounds for insulin preservation.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Bioglass

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Dalveer Singh ◽  
Sandeep Singh ◽  
Gurpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Borosilicate Glasses ◽  
Living Tissue ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Amorphous Nature ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization ◽  
New Generation

Glasses are common in use now days. These are used in different applications like domestic, automobile, telecommunication etc. The glasses are very useful materials because of their impressive properties. Few years back a new generation of glasses were developed i.e. bioactive glasses and bioactive glass ceramics. The glasses are used for bone grafting now-a-days because of their impressive bioactive properties. These glasses have tendency to form bonds with the living tissue organs. The future of these glasses will be bright in dental, orthopedics and prosthetic applications. In the present work borosilicate glasses of different compositions have been studied. The different elements were added with appropriate mol% to compose a new bioglass composition. The samples were prepared by melt quench route. The samples were immersed for 21 days in SBF. The samples were characterized before and after immersion in SBF by different techniques. The XRD technique was done to confirm the amorphous nature of glass before immersion and after immersion. The SEM and EDX were done to check the changes on the surface after immersion. The sample S1 has better biocompatibility results than S2 andS3. The formation of apatite on the glass samples were confirmed by all techniques mentioned above.

Characterization of aluminum nanopowders after long-term storage

2014 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 475-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.B. Nazarenko ◽  
Yu.A. Amelkovich ◽  
A.I. Sechin
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage

scholarly journals Characterization of Representative Materials in Support of Safe, Long Term Storage of Surplus Plutonium in DOE-STD-3013 Containers

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua E. Narlesky ◽  
Mary Ann Stroud ◽  
Paul Herrick Smith ◽  
David M. Wayne ◽  
Richard E. Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage

scholarly journals DEHIDRASI DAN PEMBEKUAN JARINGAN APEKS TEBU UNTUK PENYIMPANAN JANGKA PANJANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
IKA ROOSTIKA ◽  
RARA PUSPITA DEWI LIMA WATI ◽  
DARDA EFENDI
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Freezing Method ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Freezing Liquid ◽  
Biology Group

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan tanaman yang<br />diperbanyak secara vegetatif. Kriopreservasi merupakan metode yang<br />paling sesuai untuk penyimpanan jangka panjang bagi tanaman yang<br />diperbanyak secara vegetatif. Dehidrasi dan pembekuan jaringan merupa-<br />kan tahapan paling kritis yang menentukan keberhasilan kriopreservasi.<br />Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh durasi dehidrasi yang optimal<br />dan metode pembekuan jaringan apeks tebu. Penelitian dilakukan di<br />Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan, Kelompok Peneliti Biologi Sel dan<br />Jaringan, Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber-<br />daya Genetik Pertanian, Bogor pada Mei 2013 sampai Februari 2014.<br />Untuk optimasi metode dehidrasi, apeks direndam dalam larutan PVS2<br />(MS + gliserol 30% + etilen glikol 15% + dimetil sulfoksida 15% +<br />sukrosa 0,4 M) selama 10, 20, 30, dan 40 menit. Untuk optimasi metode<br />pembekuan, diujikan kombinasi perlakuan prakultur (dengan sukrosa 0;<br />0,1; dan 0,3 M selama 5 hari) dan pemuatan dalam larutan LS (MS +<br />gliserol 2 M + sukrosa 0,4 M) selama 0, 10, 20, dan 30 menit sebelum<br />tahapan dehidrasi dan pembekuan jaringan di dalam nitrogen cair (-<br />196 o C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan durasi dehidrasi jaringan yang<br />terbaik adalah 30 menit dalam larutan PVS2. Kombinasi perlakuan<br />prakultur dengan sukrosa 0,3 M dan pemuatan dengan larutan LS selama<br />10 menit merupakan metode terbaik untuk pembekuan jaringan. Persentase<br />tumbuh sebelum dan setelah pembekuan dalam nitrogen cair berturut-turut<br />adalah 100 dan 40%. Setelah kriopreservasi, biakan mampu tumbuh<br />dengan tingkat multiplikasi tunas sekitar 10 tunas/eksplan. Metode yang<br />diperoleh pada penelitian ini berpeluang diterapkan untuk penyimpanan<br />plasma nutfah tebu dalam jangka panjang secara kriopreservasi dan<br />eliminasi patogen obligat secara krioterapi.<br />Kata kunci: Saccharum officinarum L., apeks, dehidrasi, pembekuan,<br />nitrogen cair</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is vegetatively propagated<br />plant. Cryopreservation is the most suitable method for long-term<br />preservation of vegetatively propagated plant. Dehydration and freezing<br />are critical steps of successful cryopreservation so that it should be<br />optimized. The research aimed to obtain the optimal duration of<br />dehydration and freezing method of sugarcane apex tissues. The<br />experiments were conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory, Plant Cell<br />Tissue Biology Group, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology<br />and  Genetic  Resources  Research  and  Development  on  May<br />2013−February 2014. To optimize dehydration method, the tissues were<br />exposured in PVS2 solution (MS + 30% glycerol + 15% ethylene glycol +<br />15% dimethyl sulphoxide + 0.4 M sucrose) for 10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes.<br />To optimize freezing method, the combined treatment of preculture with<br />sucrose (0, 0.1, dan 0.3 M) for 5 days and loading in LS solution (MS + 2<br />M glycerol + 0.4 M sucrose) for 0, 10, 20, dan 30 minutes) were tested<br />before dehydration for 30 minutes and freezing in liquid nitrogen (-196 o C).<br />The best duration of dehydration was 30 minutes. The combined treatment<br />of preculture on 0.3 M sucrose and loading for 10 minutes was the best<br />method for tissues freezing. Percentage of regrowth before and after<br />freezing in liquid nitrogen was 100 and 40% respectively. After<br />cryopreservation, the cultures could grow with high shoot multiplication<br />rate about 10 shoots/explant. The method resulted in this study can be<br />applied for long-term storage of sugarcane germplasms by cryopreser-<br />vation and (elimination of obligate pathogens by cryotherapy.<br />Keywords: Saccharum officinarum L., apex, dehydration, freezing, liquid<br />nitrogen.</p>

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