scholarly journals Dissociation of Rhodococcus rhodochrous Population after the Whole Cells Immobilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Inna RASTIMESINA ◽  
Olga POSTOLACHI ◽  
Valentina JOSAN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Phenotypic Heterogeneity ◽  
Rhodococcus Rhodochrous ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Organic Matrices ◽  
High Level ◽  
Inorganic Matrices

Six agricultural organic wastes and three inorganic matrices were selected for rhodococci whole cells immobilization. The degree of immobilization of rhodococci cells varied from 6.20% to 34.30% on organic matrices. A high level of Rhodococcus rhodochrous CNMN-Ac-05 cells immobilization was demonstrated on inorganic matrices, it was from 69.25% to 97.30%. After the contact with support the strain dissociated, forming, in addition to original S type, rough (R) and altercolour smooth (S) types. Immobilization of rhodococci cells on organic supports led to the appearance of phenotypic heterogeneity from 0.34% to 3.26%. On inorganic matrices the variability of rhodococci was 0.88-1.05%.

Fluorescence principles and measurement

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur G. Szabo
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Spectroscopic Method ◽  
Energy Difference ◽  
Visible Spectral Range ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
High Level

Fluorescence spectrometry is the most extensively used optical spectroscopic method in analytical measurement and scientific investigation. During the past five years more than 60000 scientific articles have been published in which fluorescence spectroscopy has been used. The large number of applications ranges from the analytical determination of trace metals in the environment to pH measurements in whole cells under physiological conditions. In the scientific research laboratory, fluorescence spectroscopy is being used or applied to study the fundamental physical processes of molecules; structure-function relationships and interactions of biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids; structures and activity within whole cells using such instrumentation as confocal microscopy; and DNA sequencing in genomic characterization. In analytical applications the use of fluorescence is dominant in clinical laboratories where fluorescence immunoassays have largely replaced radioimmunoassay techniques. There are two main reasons for this extensive use of fluorescence spectroscopy. Foremost is the high level of sensitivity and wide dynamic range that can be achieved. There are a large number of laboratories that have reported single molecule detection. Secondly, the instrumentation required is convenient and for most purposes can be purchased at a modest cost. While improvements and advances continue to be reported fluorescence instrumentation has reached a high level of maturity. A review of the physical principles of the fluorescence phenomenon permits one to understand the origins of the information content that fluorescence measurements can provide. A molecule absorbs electromagnetic radiation through a quantum mechanical process where the molecule is transformed from a ‘ground’ state to an ‘excited’ state. The energy of the absorbed photon of light corresponds to the energy difference between these two states. In the case of light in the ultraviolet and visible spectral range of 200 nm to 800 nm that corresponds to energies of 143 to 35.8 kcal mol-1. The absorption of light results in an electronic transition in the atom or molecule. In atoms this involves the promotion of an electron from an outer shell orbital to an empty orbital of higher energy.

scholarly journals Nucleic Acid Sensors onto Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) Surface

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Srabani Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Target Detection ◽  
Peptide Nucleic Acid ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Optical Signals ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
High Level

A biosensor is defined as “a device that uses specific biochemical signal mediated by isolated enzymes, immunosystems, tissues, organelles or whole cells to detect chemical compounds usually by electrical, thermal or optical signals” [1]. A sensor comprises of at least two basic steps, first, target detection and second, signal transduction. The target detection element can be a suitable chemical compound or biological molecules such as small peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates etc. Ideally, this entity should exhibit high level of affinity and specificity towards the analytes. For example, antibodies are protein-based binding molecules that have long been used for target recognition because they meet most of the above criteria. Signal transduction elements are responsible for converting molecular recognition events into physically detectable signals such as, optical (e.g., fluorescence), chemical, electrochemical, magnetic, thermal or mechanical changes.

scholarly journals Best available technologies of wastes processing in mining and metallurgical industries

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 854-859
Author(s):  
I. V. Butorina ◽  
M. V. Butorina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Reference Book ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Metallurgical Furnaces ◽  
High Level

Mining and metallurgical industries are referred to high wastes productions. To decrease the damage to environment, progressive equipment and technologies are required. It was shown, that the modern approach to the environment protection should be based on implementation best available technologies (BAT). In the elaborated industry technical information BAT reference-book for the mining and metallurgical industries recommendation presented for utilization of main technological wastes of metallurgical production. A brief review of technologies presented, implementation of which allow providing practically complete processing of non-organic wastes, arising during raw materials mining and production of them ferrous metals. To choose the methods of construction and operation wastes utilization, one should be guided by recommendations, related to the thermal sterilization technologies for organic wastes as well as recommendations for utilization of organic wastes. It was noted, that the part of BAT reference book devoted to storing and disposal of production and consumption wastes is an evidence of high level of technologies used in Russia to realize the process. It was indicated, that in the BAT reference books the foreign experience of wastes utilization was not taken into account. Besides, a possibility to sterilize the wastes by thermal method in metallurgical furnaces was not also described. As a whole the application of the information presented in the BAT reference books, will allow to guide specialists of mining and metallurgical plants to choose best available technologies of handling with production wastes.

ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Hydroxy Nitriles to Lactones Using Rhodococcus rhodochrous Whole Cells.

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (18) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
S. K. TAYLOR ◽  
N. H. CHMIEL ◽  
L. J. SIMONS ◽  
J. R. VYVYAN
Keyword(s):  
Rhodococcus Rhodochrous ◽  
Whole Cells

scholarly journals Genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in PNPT1, MYO15A, PTPRQ and SLC12A2 variants detected among hearing impaired assortative mating families in Southern India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paridhy Vanniya. S ◽  
Jayasankaran Chandru ◽  
Justin Margret Jeffrey ◽  
Tom Rabinowitz ◽  
Zippora Brownstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Vestibular Dysfunction ◽  
Phenotypic Heterogeneity ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Myosin Motor Domain ◽  
Novel Variant ◽  
High Level

AbstractExome analysis was used to resolve the etiology of hearing loss (HL) in four South Indian assortative mating families. Six variants, including three novel ones, were identified in four genes: PNPT1 p.Ala46Gly and p.Asn540Ser, MYO15A p.Leu1485Pro and p.Tyr1891*, PTPRQ p.Gln1336*, and SLC12A2 p.Pro988Ser. Compound heterozygous PNPT1 variants were associated with prelingual profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), vestibular dysfunction and unilateral progressive vision loss in one family. In the second family, MYO15A variants in the myosin motor domain, including a novel variant, were found to be associated with prelingual profound SNHL. A novel PTPRQ variant was associated with postlingual progressive sensorineural/mixed HL and vestibular dysfunction in the third family, with mastoid bone hypopneumatization observed in one family member. In the fourth family, the SLC12A2 novel variant was found to segregate with severe-to-profound HL causing DFNA78, across three generations. Our results suggest a high level of allelic, genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity of HL in these families. This study is the first to report the association of PNPT1, PTPRQ and SLC12A2 variants with HL in the Indian population.

scholarly journals Nanostructured Materials for Artificial Tissue Replacements

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Pryjmaková ◽  
Markéta Kaimlová ◽  
Tomáš Hubáček ◽  
Václav Švorčík ◽  
Jakub Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Organic Matrices ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Inorganic Nanomaterials ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Organic Nanomaterials

This paper review current trends in applications of nanomaterials in tissue engineering. Nanomaterials applicable in this area can be divided into two groups: organic and inorganic. Organic nanomaterials are especially used for the preparation of highly porous scaffolds for cell cultivation and are represented by polymeric nanofibers. Inorganic nanomaterials are implemented as they stand or dispersed in matrices promoting their functional properties while preserving high level of biocompatibility. They are used in various forms (e.g., nano- particles, -tubes and -fibers)—and when forming the composites with organic matrices—are able to enhance many resulting properties (biologic, mechanical, electrical and/or antibacterial). For this reason, this contribution points especially to such type of composite nanomaterials. Basic information on classification, properties and application potential of single nanostructures, as well as complex scaffolds suitable for 3D tissues reconstruction is provided. Examples of practical usage of these structures are demonstrated on cartilage, bone, neural, cardiac and skin tissue regeneration and replacements. Nanomaterials open up new ways of treatments in almost all areas of current tissue regeneration, especially in tissue support or cell proliferation and growth. They significantly promote tissue rebuilding by direct replacement of damaged tissues.

scholarly journals Interleukin-6 Enhances Production of Anti-OspC Immunoglobulin G2b Borreliacidal Antibody

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 4268-4275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica C. Remington ◽  
Erik L. Munson ◽  
Steven M. Callister ◽  
Melanie L. Molitor ◽  
John A. Christopherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Antibody Production ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Lymph Node Cells ◽  
Potential Vaccine ◽  
High Level ◽  
Protection Against Infection

ABSTRACT Protection against infection with Borrelia burgdorferiis dependent primarily on induction of complement-dependent antibody that can kill the spirochete. Measuring the production of sustained high levels of borreliacidal antibody is thus paramount for determining potential vaccine efficacy. We investigated the borreliacidal antibody response in sera and the amount of antibody produced by cultured lymph node cells of C3H/HeJ mice vaccinated with outer surface protein C (OspC). We showed that recombinant OspC was a weak stimulant of borreliacidal antibody production compared to whole cells of OspC-expressing B. burgdorferi. Mice vaccinated withB. burgdorferi in adjuvant produced a high level (titer, 5,120) of anti-OspC borreliacidal antibody, which waned rapidly. Similarly, borreliacidal antibody production by cultured lymph node cells from vaccinated mice peaked soon after vaccination and then decreased. Treatment of lymph node cells with interleukin-6 (IL-6) augmented borreliacidal antibody production, particularly immunoglobulin G2b, whereas treatment with anti-IL-6 inhibited the borreliacidal response. These findings demonstrate a previously unrecognized role for IL-6 in borreliacidal antibody production that may have important implications for vaccine development.

High-level expression in Corynebacterium glutamicum of nitrile hydratase from Rhodococcus rhodochrous for acrylamide production

2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 4379-4387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Suk Kang ◽  
Sang-Soo Han ◽  
Mi-Young Kim ◽  
Bu-Youn Kim ◽  
Jong-Pil Huh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corynebacterium Glutamicum ◽  
Nitrile Hydratase ◽  
Rhodococcus Rhodochrous ◽  
High Level Expression ◽  
High Level

Bioconversion of butyronitrile to butyramide using whole cells of Rhodococcus rhodochrous PA-34

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Raj ◽  
A. Seth ◽  
S. Prasad ◽  
T. C. Bhalla
Keyword(s):  
Rhodococcus Rhodochrous ◽  
Whole Cells

scholarly journals High expression of c-kit in K562YO cells due to the prolonged half-life of its mRNA: the effects of modification with serine/threonine kinase signals

Blood ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1496-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Ogawa ◽  
Y Takeda ◽  
M Tashima ◽  
H Sawai ◽  
T Toi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Protein Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Intracellular Camp ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Kit Gene ◽  
High Level

We previously reported that the K562 cell line K562YO expressed a high level of the c-kit gene. In this study, we analyzed the mechanism of this expression and investigated the effects of the serine/threonine kinases such as protein kinase C (PKC) and cyclic adenosine 3′,53′ monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent kinase (PKA) on it. The half-life of the c-kit mRNA in K562YO cells was greater than 10 hours, compared with 2 hours in the original K562 cells, which expressed a very low level of c- kit mRNA. This prolonged half-life can contribute to the high level of c-kit expression in K562YO cells. Cycloheximide (CHX), a protein synthesis inhibitor, caused increases in c-kit mRNA levels in K562YO cells. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), by which PKC was activated at first and downregulated in a late phase, gradually decreased c-kit mRNA in K562YO cells until 9 hours and then returned to the control level 24 hours after treatment. TPA also rapidly decreased c-kit protein level on the membranes. In whole cells, c-kit protein was also decreased 6 hours after incubation with TPA. Calphostin C, a light- dependent PKC inhibitor, decreased c-kit mRNA levels within 30 minutes in a light-dependent manner. It also decreased c-kit protein in whole cells 2 hours after the addition. However, it increased the amount of c- kit protein on the cell surfaces. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbc-AMP) increased c-kit mRNA as well as c-kit protein on membranes and in whole cells. Run-on transcriptional assay suggested that the agent (dbc-AMP) enhanced the transcription rate of the gene. These results suggest that c-kit protein on the membranes is downregulated by PKC activation and upregulated by PKC inhibition. In the whole cell lysate, c-kit proteins are decreased by PKC inhibition through downregulation of mRNA. On the other hand, the elevation of an intracellular cAMP level causes upregulation of both the mRNA and c-kit protein on membranes and in whole cells through enhanced transcription. Thus, c-kit gene expression is apparently modulated by PKC and PKA.

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