scholarly journals Floristic evolution in an agroforestry system cultivation in Southern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 973-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUÍS C.R. SILVA ◽  
SEBASTIÃO A. MACHADO ◽  
FRANKLIN GALVÃO ◽  
AFONSO FIGUEIREDO FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
First Year ◽  
Traditional Agroforestry ◽  
Floristic Evolution ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT Bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) is an important pioneer tree species in Ombrophylous Mixed Forest of Brazil and is widely used as an energy source. In traditional agroforestry systems, regeneration is induced by fire, then pure and dense stands known as bracatinga stands (bracatingais) are formed. In the first year, annual crops are intercalated with the seedlings. At that time the seedlings are thinned, then the stands remain at a fallow period and cut at seven years old. The species is very important mainly for small landowners. We studied the understory species that occur naturally during the succession over several years in order to manage them rationally in the future and maintain the natural vegetation over time. Three to 20 year-old Bracatinga stands were sampled between 1998 and 2011. All tree species with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were measured.The floristic evolution was assessed with respect to Sociability Index, the Shannon Diversity Index and the Pielou Evenness Index. Graphs of rank/abundance over different age groups were evaluated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. We identified 153 species dispersed throughout the understory and tend to become aggregated over time.

scholarly journals Ecological services of agroforestry systems in selected upland farming communities in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romnick Baliton ◽  
LEILA LANDICHO ◽  
Rowena Esperanza Cabahug ◽  
ROSELYN F. PAELMO ◽  
Kenneth Laruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Ecological Services ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract. Baliton RS, Landicho LD, Cabahug RED, Paelmo RF, Laruan KA, Rodriguez RS, Visco RG, Castillo AKA. 2020. Ecological services of agroforestry systems in selected upland farming communities in the Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 707-717. A study was conducted in three selected upland farming communities in Nueva Vizcaya, Benguet and Quezon, Philippines to assess the ecological services of agroforestry systems. Results showed that alley cropping was the dominant agroforestry system in Nueva Vizcaya, while vegetable-based and coffee-based multistorey systems were found prevailing in Benguet and Quezon provinces. Agrobiodiversity assessment revealed that the values of Shannon-Wiener diversity index of agroforestry systems in the three study sites were considered to be low to moderate, ranging from 2.21 to 2.71. This validates that the number of individuals per species in the agroforestry landscape was not evenly distributed. The means of biomass in the three study sites, ranging from 106.22-127 tons ha-1, were higher than that of agroforestry systems (102.80 tons ha-1) in the Philippines. The agroforestry systems in Nueva Vizcaya had the largest carbon stock of 57.15 ton C ha-1, followed by Quezon 52.96 ton C ha-1 and Benguet 47.80 ton C ha-1. These results are comparable to the overall mean of carbon stock of tree plantations (59.0 ton C ha-1) and higher than that of agroforestry systems in the Philippines, i.e., 45.4 ton C ha-1. Therefore, this article argues that the different agroforestry systems provide ecological services in the upland farming communities in the Philippines.

scholarly journals An overview of potential multipurpose agroforestry tree species, Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1714-1719
Author(s):  
S. Sarvade ◽  
D.S. Gautam ◽  
S. Bhalawe ◽  
P. K. Bisen
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Extra Food ◽  
Multipurpose Tree Species ◽  
Salt Affected Soils ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Traditional Agroforestry ◽  
Syzygium Cuminii

Jamun (Syzygium cuminii L.) Skeels) is evergreen MPTs (Multipurpose Tree species) widely grown in traditional agroforestry systems (agri-silviculture and agri-horticulture) of India, except very dry areas. It produces excellent nutritious fruits, which contains carbohydrates, dietary fibre, fat, protein, vitamins like B1, B2, B3, B6 and C with trace minerals (calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium). The seed and bark is used to control dysentery and hyperglycaemia, and in diabetic patients. Leaves of the Jamun are used in strengthening the teeth and gums, whereas fruits used in relief for colic, stomach-ache and enlarged spleen. It may accelerate work towards food security through extra food production from degraded and waste areas. The species is widely used for reclamation of salt affected soils and waterlogged areas. Their contribution in environmental conservation through biomass production and carbon sequestration processes. It also helps in conserving biodiversity in traditional agroforestry systems and natural forest areas.

Negative human-wildlife interactions in traditional agroforestry systems in Assam, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 16230-16238
Author(s):  
Yashmita-Ulman ◽  
Manoj Singh ◽  
Awadhesh Kumar ◽  
Madhubala Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Livestock Depredation ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
The People ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Traditional Agroforestry

Traditional agroforestry systems are designed to provide maximum and diverse yield (ranging from agricultural crops, forest trees, livestock and fish) to people.  They also act as sources of food and shelter to wild animals leading to crop destruction, livestock depredation and injuries to people giving rise to negative human-wildlife interactions.  The present study was carried out in three different agroforestry systems namely tea gardens, homegardens, and agrisilvicultural systems in Assam to document the attitude of people towards wild animals which damage the crops and livestock, through questionnaire surveys.  In agroforestry systems, 13 animals were reported as destructive; rodents at 13% followed by Indian Hare at 12%.  The least destructive were birds and bats with 4% each.  In tea gardens majority of the people killed animals for meat (95%) and the most common method for killing was the use of catapults (77%).  In homegardens and agrisilvicultural systems, owners chased the animals away (82%) by using catapults (68%).  Hunting of animals and intolerance of people towards crop destruction and livestock depredation done by wild animals were the two main reasons causing negative human-wildlife interactions in agroforestry systems.  The present study concludes that wildlife species found in the agroforestry system in Assam were threatened by local inhabitants and thus, a suitable conservation awareness and policy action plan should be developed in consultation with the owners of agroforestry systems by considering the ecological significance of the wildlife species found therein.

scholarly journals The Agroforestry Heritage System of Sabana De Morro in El Salvador

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Antonio Santoro ◽  
Ever Alexis Martinez Aguilar ◽  
Martina Venturi ◽  
Francesco Piras ◽  
Federica Corrieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Strong Interactions ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Traditional Agroforestry ◽  
Dynamic Conservation ◽  
Local Farmers

Traditional agroforestry systems are recognized as having great importance for providing multiple benefits for local communities all over the world, especially in tropical countries. Thanks to their multifunctional role, they can support small farmers, contribute to hydrogeological risk reduction, water regulation, preservation of soil, agrobiodiversity and landscape, as well as being examples of mitigation and adaptation towards climate change. The Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) programme of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) aims to identify agricultural systems of global importance, preserving landscape, agrobiodiversity and traditional knowledge, through dynamic conservation principles. The Sabana de Morro is a traditional agroforestry system located in El Salvador based on cattle grazing in pastures with the presence of Crescentia alata and Crescentia cujete trees, locally called Morro or Jícaro. We documented the main characteristics of this system, that has never been deeply studied, in the Municipality of Dolores, in accordance with the five GIAHS criteria, and through detailed land use mapping, to assess the relations between landscape structure, agrobiodiversity and traditional silvopastoral practices. Sabana de Morro proved to be based on strong interactions between trees, cattle and farmers. The pulp of the Morro fruits is eaten by grazing cattle, completing their feeding and giving a peculiar taste to the locally produced cheese. Morro trees provide shade for the animals while cattle contribute by spreading their seeds that also take advantage of the manure. Results show that this agroforestry system contributes to the preservation of a rich agrobiodiversity and of the traditional landscape. At the same time, it supports local farmers’ livelihood and is consistent with the aim of the GIAHS programme, even if further surveys and research are needed to assess the real possibility of the inclusion in this FAO programme.

scholarly journals Farmers' perceptions towards agroforestry systems in North and South Kordofanstates, Sudan

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Kamal Eldin Mohammed Fadl ◽  
Salah E Mahmoud ◽  
Zainab M Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
North And South

This study was conducted during 2010 and 2011 in North and South Kordofan States with objectives of to identify and assess the most important agroforestry systems, to characterize major tree species in different agroforestry system, to prioritize major constraints on agroforestry systems in the region, and to study the current status of gum Arabic trees and their contribution on farmers livelihood. Data were collected through community meeting, individual interviews and direct field observation. The common agroforestry systems in the region are scatter trees on farm land, followed by wind breaks and boundary planting. The important trees in the study area are Acacia senegal83%, followed by Fadherbia albida 46%, Ziziphus spina- christia43% and Balanites aegyptiaca 41%. The most important field crops that cultivated in agroforestry system are groundnuts, millet, sorghum, sesame and roselle. The environmental benefits of trees in farm which was identified by the respondents include protection of farm against wind erosion, improvement of the soil properties, improvement of the micro-climate and providing a source for income which was indicated by the majority of respondents. Across all sites 93% of respondents showed that gum Arabic have a significant contribution to their family income. The study recommended that a multi-purpose tree species such as Acacia senegal should be maintained for amelioration of soils fertility and increase crop productivity in the fragile ecosystems such as that of the study sites. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12624 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 53-67

scholarly journals Soil-litter Collembolan Diversity in an Arabica Coffee-Benguet Pine-Based Agroforestry System

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Luis Lang-Udan Calama ◽  
◽  
Elaida Fiegalan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Richness Index

The study aimed to determine the effect of Arabica coffee- Benguet pine based agroforestry system on soil-litter collembolan diversity. Under this agroforestry system, two coffee production systems were identified in this study, the Agroforestry Coffee System (ACS) and Lone Coffee System (LCS). ACS have coffee plants growing under Benguet pine trees while LCS have coffee plants that are not under any shade trees. Shannon diversity index (H’), Margalef’s richness index (Dmg), Soil temperature (ST), and Soil Moisture Content (SMC) data were gathered and subjected to linear regression with correlation analysis, and student T-test. The result of this study revealed a higher species richness of collembola under ACS (Dmg =3.52±0.47) than LCS (Dmg = 1.75±0.36). Similarly, ACS has higher diversity index (H’ = 1.68±0.66) than LCS (H’ = 0.90±0.49). ACS ST and SMC was 18.60±0.21℃ and 68.34±12.22% while LCS was 21.24±1.31℃ and 55.38±5.52%. ST had significant negative association with diversity and SMC had positive association with diversity. However, only Dmg had significant correlation with SMC. In regression analysis, 18.7% of the total variation in H’ was explained by ST. While for Dmg, 56.6% and 21.7% of its total variations were explained by ST and SMC, respectively. These results showed that ACS can conserve collembolan diversity because it creates a microclimatic condition favorable for the collembolans. This finding could serve as basis for endeavors to promote and develop agroforestry systems.

scholarly journals The intensity of symbiotic relationships between arbuscular mycorrhizae and differentiated tree species regarding their age group and plant family in semi-arid Andine dynamical agroforestry system

Bionatura ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-982
Author(s):  
Maxim Schunevitsch ◽  
Philipp Lichtenauer ◽  
Nora Medrano Mercado ◽  
Noemi Stadler-Kaulich
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Semi Arid

As research on mycorrhiza progress and scientific knowledge about organic partnerships becomes more profound, mycorrhiza symbiosis is considered an essential parameter for the vitality of ecosystems. Concerning polyculture cultivation systems, the implementation of growth-promoting and nutrient-securing symbiotic partners is a crucial step towards preserving the dynamism of involved plants and thus decisive for the yield and success of such cultivation systems. In particular, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) show a considerable tendency in encouraging and maintaining a supply of water and nutrition for plants. Therefore, it was examined how intensive partnerships between AMF and trees in the semi-arid, dynamic agroforestry system of ‘Mollesnejta’ exist and how the species, family and age of trees are related to the respective degree of mycorrhizal intensity. This information is in turn used to decrypt relationships between nutrient provision and nutrient security in agroforestry systems and to improve them especially concerning current climate change. The results reveal that in the examined agroforestry system arbuscular mycorrhizal partnerships were found on all ten considered tree species in this study in the varying intensity of the mycorrhizal structure dependent on tree species and their plant family. Nevertheless, no statistical correlation between the number of mycorrhizal elements according to primary hyphae, ramification or vesicles about the age of the trees could be proven in this study.

scholarly journals Carbon storage potential of shelter belt agroforestry system in northern transitional zone of Karnataka, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1390-1396
Author(s):  
K. R. Swamy ◽  
D. Shivaprasad ◽  
Shivaputra Bammanahalli ◽  
Noorandappa Lamani ◽  
H. Shivanna
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Below Ground

Carbon sequestration has been suggested as a means to mitigate the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. As agrisilviculture systems is one of the better options for stocking of carbon in plants and in soil. In the present study, carbon sequestration was quantified both biomass as well as in soil of agrisilviculture sys-tem six different tree species were selected such as, Pongamia pinnata, Dalbergia sissoo, Acacia auriculiformis, Tectona grandis, Casuarina equisitifolia, Azadirachta indica in shelterbelt of agroforestry system in arid region of Karnataka. Among six different tree species planted under shelterbelt, the growth performance with respect to gbh, height, clear bole height and basal area was highest in A. auriculiformis and A. indica. While maximum above ground biomass was observed in A. auriculiformis (59.75 t ha-1) followed by T.grandis (56.62 t ha-1), respectively. Whereas, below ground biomass was highest in T. grandis (20.25t ha-1) followed by A. auriculiformis (14.75t ha-1). Above ground carbon sequestration was highest in A. auriculiformis (13.30 t ha-1) followed by T. grandis (12.20 t ha-1), respectively. Whereas, below ground carbon sequestration was more in T. grandis (4.35 t ha-1) followed by A. auriculiformis (3.95 t ha-1). The Shelterbelt system sequestered 0.43 to 1.34% soil organic carbon stock in different depth. The carbon sequestered in different tree species was varying from 3.48 tons to 17.25 t ha-1.Growing tree crops in shelterbelts, bunds in the agroforestry systems will enhance accumulation of carbon stocking and provide additional benefits to the farmer’s income. It also regulates microclimate and increases the tree cover in agricultural field.

scholarly journals Exploring agroforestry systems and practices in the Terai and hill regions of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
S. Ulak ◽  
B. Lama ◽  
D. K. Pradhan ◽  
S. Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Traditional Agroforestry ◽  
Agroforestry Practices ◽  
Local Farmers

This paper explores the status of agroforestry systems and practices in the Terai and hill regions of Nepal.  Field survey, semi-structured interview and focus group discussions with the local farmers and stakeholders were conducted to explore the status of the agroforestry system and practices. The study covers forty-three districts, and represents agroforestry systems and practices in the Terai and hill regions of Nepal. Altogether, twelve agroforestry systems and forty-three agroforestry practices were documented in the Terai and hills of Nepal- ten systems in the Terai and seven systems in the hills. Agrisilviculture, agrisilvihorticulture, agrosilvopastoral, agrohortosilvopastoral, homegarden, hortiagriculture, silvofishery, agrosilvifishery, hortisilviculture and apiculture were the major agroforestry systems adopted in the Terai whereas those adopted in the hills included hortiagriculture, agrisilviculture, agrisilvihorticulture, agrosilvopastoral, homegarden, hortosilvipastoral and silvopastoral. The study revealed a gradual emerging scenario of commercial agroforestry systems in these regions although the continuation of traditional agroforestry systems was observed in most of the Terai and hill regions. Insufficient labour availability, fragmentation of land, market price fluctuation, lack of technical knowledge, and wild animal disturbances were some of the major challenges observed in the Terai and hills of Nepal.

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