Sensory deficits in ipsilesional upper-extremity in chronic stroke patients

Objective To investigate somatosensory deficits in the ipsilesional wrist and hand in chronic stroke patients and correlate these deficits with contralesional sensorimotor dysfunctions, functional testing, laterality and handedness.Methods Fifty subjects (twenty-two healthy volunteers and twenty-eight stroke patients) underwent evaluation with Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments, the sensory and motor Fugl-Meyer Assessment, the Nottingham Sensory Assessment in both wrists and hands and functional tests.Results Twenty-five patients had sensory changes in the wrist and hand contralateral to the stroke, and eighteen patients (64%) had sensory deficits in the ipsilesional wrist and hand. The most significant ipsilesional sensory loss was observed in the left-handed patients. We found that the patients with brain damage in the right hemisphere had better scores for ipsilesional tactile sensation.Conclusions A reduction in ipsilesional conscious proprioception, tactile or thermal sensation was found in stroke subjects. Right hemisphere damage and right-handed subjects had better scores in ipsilesional tactile sensation.

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Verbal comprehension deficits after right hemisphere damage

Applied Psycholinguistics ◽

10.1017/s0142716400000564 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 279-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Daniel B. Hier ◽

Joni Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Educational Attainment ◽

Sentence Comprehension ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Vocabulary Test ◽

Verbal Comprehension ◽

Visuospatial Deficits ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Right Hemisphere Damage ◽

The Right ◽

Grammatical Sentence

ABSTRACTWe have compared the verbal comprehension abilities of 34 right hemisphere damaged patients to 16 hospitalized control subjects of comparable age and educational attainment. The right hemisphere damaged patients performed as well as the control subjects on a vocabulary test, but were impaired in their ability to interpret proverbs and comprehend logico-grammatical sentences. Impairment on the proverbs test was the result of a decrease in the number of abstract interpretations, whereas impairment on the logico-grammatical sentence comprehension test was related to difficultes in grasping spatial and passive relationships. These comprehension impairments tended to correlate with visuospatial deficits and hemianopia, but not with the degree of hemiparesis or the presence of sensory extinction. Patients with anterior right hemisphere damage performed better on the logico-grammatical sentence conprehension test than patients with posterior damage. A variety of factors probably contribute to these verbal deficits including impaired intellect, inattention, an inability to grasp spatial relationships, and difficulties in manipulating the inner schemata of language.

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Is Lateropulsion Really Related with a Specific Lesion of the Brain?

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11030354 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 354

Author(s):

Kyoung Lee ◽

Sang Yoo ◽

Eun Ji ◽

Woo Hwang ◽

Yeun Yoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Right Hemisphere ◽

Parietal Lobe ◽

Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽

Brain Lesions ◽

Vertical Posture ◽

Lesion Volume ◽

Precentral Gyrus ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

The Right ◽

Right Hemisphere Stroke

Lateropulsion (pusher syndrome) is an important barrier to standing and gait after stroke. Although several studies have attempted to elucidate the relationship between brain lesions and lateropulsion, the effects of specific brain lesions on the development of lateropulsion remain unclear. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of stroke lesion location and size on lateropulsion in right hemisphere stroke patients. The present retrospective cross-sectional observational study assessed 50 right hemisphere stroke patients. Lateropulsion was diagnosed and evaluated using the Scale for Contraversive Pushing (SCP). Voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis with 3T-MRI was used to identify the culprit lesion for SCP. We also performed VLSM controlling for lesion volume as a nuisance covariate, in a multivariate model that also controlled for other factors contributing to pusher behavior. VLSM, combined with statistical non-parametric mapping (SnPM), identified the specific region with SCP. Lesion size was associated with lateropulsion. The precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, insula and subgyral parietal lobe of the right hemisphere seemed to be associated with the lateropulsion; however, after adjusting for lesion volume as a nuisance covariate, no lesion areas were associated with the SCP scores. The size of the right hemisphere lesion was the only factor most strongly associated with lateropulsion in patients with stroke. These results may be useful for planning rehabilitation strategies of restoring vertical posture and understanding the pathophysiology of lateropulsion in stroke patients.

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Are visual working memory and episodic memory distinct processes? Insight from stroke patients by lesion-symptom mapping

Brain Structure and Function ◽

10.1007/s00429-021-02281-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Selma Lugtmeijer ◽

◽

Linda Geerligs ◽

Frank Erik de Leeuw ◽

Edward H. F. de Haan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Visual Working Memory ◽

Visual Memory ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Memory Task ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Lesion Symptom Mapping ◽

Criterion Setting ◽

The Right

AbstractWorking memory and episodic memory are two different processes, although the nature of their interrelationship is debated. As these processes are predominantly studied in isolation, it is unclear whether they crucially rely on different neural substrates. To obtain more insight in this, 81 adults with sub-acute ischemic stroke and 29 elderly controls were assessed on a visual working memory task, followed by a surprise subsequent memory test for the same stimuli. Multivariate, atlas- and track-based lesion-symptom mapping (LSM) analyses were performed to identify anatomical correlates of visual memory. Behavioral results gave moderate evidence for independence between discriminability in working memory and subsequent memory, and strong evidence for a correlation in response bias on the two tasks in stroke patients. LSM analyses suggested there might be independent regions associated with working memory and episodic memory. Lesions in the right arcuate fasciculus were more strongly associated with discriminability in working memory than in subsequent memory, while lesions in the frontal operculum in the right hemisphere were more strongly associated with criterion setting in subsequent memory. These findings support the view that some processes involved in working memory and episodic memory rely on separate mechanisms, while acknowledging that there might also be shared processes.

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Somato-sensory evoked potential (SEP) studies in stroke patients with damage to the right hemisphere and their relationship to functional performance

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology ◽

10.1016/0013-4694(96)84104-6 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 99 (2) ◽

pp. P14-P15

Author(s):

O. Keren ◽

I.L. Ring ◽

M. Motin

Keyword(s):

Evoked Potential ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Functional Performance ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Sensory Evoked Potential ◽

The Right ◽

Sensory Evoked

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Aesthetic Preference and Lateral Dominance

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1988.67.2.555 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 555-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mary Ann Valentino ◽

James W. Brown ◽

W. A. Cronan-Hillix

Keyword(s):

Right Hemisphere ◽

Response Mode ◽

Psychology Student ◽

Manual Response ◽

Verbal Responses ◽

Left Handed ◽

Manual Responses ◽

Student Subjects ◽

The Right ◽

Aesthetic Preferences

Aesthetic preferences for photographs with the main focal content either to the left or right of the photograph's center were examined in right- and left-handed subjects. Verbal responses or manual responses were required. In one experiment with 261 introductory psychology student-subjects, left-handers more often preferred photographs with the more important part on the left (“left-geared”) than did right-handers. Exp. 2, involving 84 right-handed student subjects, showed that left-geared photographs presented on the left side were preferred more often than left-geared photographs presented on the right side, and left-geared photographs presented on the left side were more often chosen when a left-handed manual response was required. Interactions between handedness, position of the stimulus, language hemisphere, and response mode make it extremely difficult to ascertain whether the right hemisphere is really more involved in aesthetic decisions.

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The right hemisphere: neuropsychological functions

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1986.64.5.0693 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 693-704 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Kenneth M. Heilman ◽

Dawn Bowers ◽

Edward Valenstein ◽

Robert T. Watson

Keyword(s):

Emotional Disorders ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Content Type ◽

Reading And Writing ◽

The Past ◽

Right Hemisphere Damage ◽

Right Hemisphere Dysfunction ◽

Neuropsychological Functions ◽

The Right ◽

Fine Print

✓ In the past two to three decades, clinicians and neuroscientists have been studying the functions of the right hemisphere. Neither hemisphere seems to be dominant in the absolute sense. Each appears to be specialized and is dominant for different functions. However, most functions require the cooperation of both hemispheres. When one is damaged, the other can often compensate for the damaged one. Lesions of the left hemisphere are associated with language (speech, reading, and writing) and praxic disorders, and lesions of the right hemisphere can result in visuospatial, attentional, and emotional disorders. The authors review some of the major behavioral disorders associated with right hemisphere dysfunction and concentrate on three major types of disorders — visuospatial, attentional, and emotional. Although not all the behavioral defects associated with right hemisphere damage can be subgrouped under these three types, they are the ones most often associated with right hemisphere lesions.

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Decreases in Frontal and Parietal Lobe Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Related to Habituation

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1038/jcbfm.1992.78 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 546-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Steven Warach ◽

Ruben C. Gur ◽

Raquel E. Gur ◽

Brett E. Skolnick ◽

Walter D. Obrist ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Right Hemisphere ◽

Parietal Lobe ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Inhalation Technique ◽

Attentional Processes ◽

Left Handed ◽

Verbal Tasks ◽

Spatial Tasks ◽

Regional Specificity ◽

The Right

We previously reported decreased mean CBF between consecutive resting conditions, ascribed to habituation. Here we address the regional specificity of habituation over three consecutive flow studies. Regional CBF (rCBF) was measured in 55 adults (12 right-handed men, 12 right-handed women, 14 left-handed men, 17 left-handed women), with the 133Xe inhalation technique, during three conditions: Resting, verbal tasks (analogies), and spatial tasks (line orientation). Changes in rCBF attributable to the cognitive tasks were eliminated by correcting these values to a resting equivalent. There was a progressive decrease in mean rCBF over time, reflecting habituation. This effect differed by region, with specificity at frontal (prefrontal, inferior frontal, midfrontal, superior frontal) and inferior parietal regions. In the inferior parietal region, habituation was more marked in the left than the right hemisphere. Right-handers showed greater habituation than did left-handers. There was no sex difference in global habituation, but males showed greater left whereas females showed greater right hemispheric habituation. The results suggest that habituation to the experimental setting has measurable effects on rCBF, which are differently lateralized for men and women. These effects are superimposed on task activation and are most pronounced in regions that have been implicated in attentional processes. Thus, regional decrement in brain activity related to habituation seems to complement attentional effects, suggesting a neural network for habituation reciprocating that for attention.

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Testing Conclusions From Functional Imaging of Working Memory with Data From Acute Stroke

Behavioural Neurology ◽

10.1155/2007/396946 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 37-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Lisa E. Philipose ◽

Hannah Alphs ◽

Vivek Prabhakaran ◽

Argye E. Hillis

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Acute Stroke ◽

Functional Imaging ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Spatial Working Memory ◽

Verbal Working Memory ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Imaging Results ◽

Cortical Stroke ◽

The Right

Functional imaging studies indicate that the left hemisphere mediates verbal working memory, while the right hemisphere mediates both verbal and spatial working memory. We evaluated acute stroke patients with working memory tests and imaging to identify whether unilateral dysfunction causes deficits in spatial and/or verbal working memory deficits. While left cortical stroke patients had verbal working memory impairments (p< 0.003), right cortical stroke patients had both verbal (p< 0.007) and spatial working memory (p< 0.03) impairments, confirming functional imaging results. Patients with transient ischemic stroke and patients with non-cortical stroke did not have significant deficits in working memory in either modality.

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