scholarly journals The association between adolescent suicide rates and socioeconomic indicators in Brazil: a 10-year retrospective ecological study

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denisse Jaen-Varas ◽  
Jair J. Mari ◽  
Elson Asevedo ◽  
Rohan Borschmann ◽  
Elton Diniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Study ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Suicide Rates

scholarly journals Self-Reported Dental Caries by Mexican Elementary and Middle-School Schoolchildren in the Context of Socioeconomic Indicators: A National Ecological Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado ◽  
Alejandro José Casanova-Rosado ◽  
Mirna Minaya-Sánchez ◽  
Juan Alejandro Casanova-Sarmiento ◽  
José Luis Robles-Minaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Health ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Socioeconomic Variables ◽  
Food Purchases ◽  
Mexican Children

The objective of the present research was to quantify the association between dental caries self-report and socioeconomic indicators in Mexican children. An ecological study included a self-report of dental caries in schoolchildren enrolled in public elementary and middle schools derived from the National School Health Survey. A total of 73,560 schoolchildren (representing 19,745,366 students) aged 5 to 16 years were included. Socioeconomic variables included were scales depicting physical characteristics of housing, purchasing power, etc. used in national surveys in Mexico to measure deprivation, poverty, and income inequality in official data. Data were analyzed in Stata using Spearman’s correlation test. For the most part, no association (p > 0.05) was found between caries self-report, socioeconomic variables, or the Gini index. However, caries self-report in elementary schoolchildren and total (elementary + middle-school) schoolchildren groups was positively correlated (p < 0.05) with two poverty variables: extreme poverty by income (value of personal food purchases per month) and poverty by income (value of personal food and non-food purchases per month). National data for dental caries self-report were associated—at the ecological level—with a few socioeconomic indicators but not with most of the usual and customary indicators used in national surveys in Mexico.

scholarly journals Trends in Suicide Mortality in Montenegro From 2000 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidija Injac Stevović ◽  
Selman Repišti ◽  
Tamara Radojičić ◽  
Olivera Injac
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Average Salary ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Methods Of Suicide ◽  
Cultural Features

Abstract Background: This is an ecological study that analyzes suicides committed in Montenegro during the 2000-2018 period, taking into account gender, age and methods of suicide. Methods: Suicide rates and trends up until 2009 were obtained from the official registers of Bureau of Statistics of Montenegro (MONSTAT) while the later data were obtained from the Department of Interior’s. MONSTAT also provided data on unemployment and average salary. As per statistical methods, descriptive and correlations were calculated. Results: The average crude suicide rate was 21.06, for males 29.93 and for females 12.42. Crude suicide rates were not associated with unemployment rate or average salary. However, the unemployment rate was significantly correlated with lethal methods of suicide, namely suicide by firearm and by hanging. Average net salary was negatively correlated with suicide by firearm. Conclusions: The ratio of males and females who committed suicide was 2.41. In the last three years, this ratio continues to rise in favor of males (reaching 4.29 in 2018). This could be explained by specific cultural features where males are expected to be the main financial contributors to the households. The labor market of Montenegro does not offer adequate opportunities to set and maintain a stable economic situation which puts additional pressure and stress on males.

Effects of socioeconomic factors on secular trends in suicide in Japan, 1953–86

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Motohashi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Secular Trends ◽  
Service Economy ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes

SummaryThe effects of socioeconomic factors on secular trends in suicide rates in Japan for the periods 1953–72 and 1973–86 were investigated using twelve socioeconomic indicators. Multiple regression analysis showed that the socioeconomic indicators affecting suicide rates were not identical in the two periods. The rates in both sexes in 1953–72 were closely related to unemployment rate and the labour force but between 1973 and 1986, divorce rate and the proportion in tertiary industry were most influential. The changes reflect the socioeconomic changes in industrial structure in Japan in transition from an industrial to a service economy.

scholarly journals Trends in Adolescent Suicide in Hong Kong for the Period 1980 to 2003

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 702-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T.L. Shek ◽  
Britta M. Lee ◽  
Joyce Chow
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Proportional Mortality

This paper utilizes existing statistics on adolescent suicide to examine adolescent suicide trends and patterns in Hong Kong for the period 1980 to 2003. Several trends and patterns could be revealed from the analyses. First, there was a gradual rising trend where adolescent suicide rates in the 1990's and the early 2000's were higher than those in the 1980's. Second, suicide rates for adolescents aged 10-24 years were lower than those of other adult age groups. Third, although adolescent suicide rates in Hong Kong were lower than those reported in some English-speaking countries and Mainland China, the figures were higher than those reported in Taiwan. Fourth, suicide rates among teenagers in early adolescence were lower than those among adolescents in late adolescence. Fifth, although male adolescent suicide rates were in general higher than female adolescent suicide rates (10-24 age group), gender differences in suicide rates appeared to be moderated by age. Sixth, there was a gradual rising trend in adolescent proportional mortality rates for suicide since the 1990's. Seventh, proportional mortality rates for suicide among teenagers in early adolescence were lower than those among adolescents in late adolescence. Finally, although jumping from a height was a common method of adolescent suicide, there was a rising trend of using other methods, such as taking drugs, hanging and charcoal burning. The observed adolescent suicide phenomena are discussed in this study with reference to the socio-cultural context of Hong Kong.

Suicide in Developing Countries (1)

Crisis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Vijayakumar ◽  
K. Nagaraj ◽  
Jane Pirkis ◽  
Harvey Whiteford
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract. Objective. Suicide is a global public health problem, but relatively little epidemiological investigation of the phenomenon has occurred in developing countries. This paper aims to (1) examine the availability of rate data in developing countries, (2) provide a description of the frequency and distribution of suicide in those countries for which data are available, and (3) explore the relationship between country-level socioeconomic factors and suicide rates. It is accompanied by two companion papers that consider risk factors and preventive efforts associated with suicide in developing countries, respectively. Method. Using World Health Organization data, we calculated the average annual male, female, and total suicide rates during the 1990s for individual countries and regions (classified according to the Human Development Index [HDI]), and examined the association between a range of socioeconomic indicators and suicide rates. Results. For reasons of data availability, we concentrated on medium HDI countries. Suicide rates in these countries were variable. They were generally comparable with those in high HDI countries from the same region, with some exceptions. High education levels, high telephone density, and high per capita levels of cigarette consumption were associated with high suicide rates; high levels of inequality were associated with low suicide rates. Conclusion. Epidemiological investigations of this kind have the potential to inform suicide prevention efforts in developing countries, and should be encouraged.

Socioeconomic Change and Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhán Lucey ◽  
Paul Corcoran ◽  
Helen S Keeley ◽  
Justin Brophy ◽  
Ella Arensman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Participation Rate ◽  
Marriage Rate ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Suicide ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
Female Suicide Rate ◽  
Rate Female

Abstract. This ecological study examined the association between seven socioeconomic indicators (GDP, unemployment rate, female labor force participation rate, alcohol expenditure, marriage rate, percentage of births outside of marriage, and indictable crime rate) and total, male, and female rates of suicide and suicide plus undetermined death in Ireland during the period 1968-2000. Analysis of the data expressed as absolute values showed highly significant associations between the socioeconomic indicators and the total, male, and female suicide rates. However, these associations were explained by the strongly trended data. The trended nature of the data was removed by using year-to-year differences. Analysis of the first-differenced data showed that none of the socioeconomic indicators was associated with the total, male, or female suicide rates with the exception of indictable crime, which had a significant independent effect on the female suicide rate (coefficient = 2.0, p < .01) but not on suicide plus undetermined death. This study highlights the need to use econometric methods in time-trend analyses, the lack of age-sex specific exposure data in this area, and the challenge of understanding trends in suicide in their socioeconomic context.

Health and Socioeconomic Indicators in Psychiatric Catchment Areas with Divergent Suicide Rates

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Ferrada-Noli
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Catchment Areas

Differences found in the incidence of suicide between the psychiatric catchment areas of the Karolinska Hospital in Stockholm were investigated in relation to health and socioeconomic indicators during the study period 1990–1994. The hypothesis of the study was that negative socioeconomic indicators and psychosocial and health indicators denoting less favourable socioeconomic status may negatively influence the suicide rate of the demographic units in this cross-sectional study. The incidence of suicide between the areas was significantly different and increasingly divergent in the last year of the study period. The area with a higher proportion of suicides had also an increased proportion of individuals who retired early, lower life expectancy at birth, higher nonemployment, lesser income among the employed, less public expenditure for education, less proportion of home ownership, and a higher proportion of persons bound to one-room dwellings. Disregarding the influence of ethnicity (there were no statistically significant differences on immigrants' suicide between the areas) as well as in the availability of psychiatric care (assuming that similar quality of psychiatric care was provided by both sectors), or other demographic indices commonly shared by the areas, the possibility of strong effects of unfavourable health and socioeconomic indices appeared relevant for the explanation of an increased incidence of suicide. The findings provide new empirical contradiction to the socioeconomic hypothesis of the incidence of suicide, which postulated that populations with higher socioeconomic status may have increased suicide rates.

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