scholarly journals Seroepidemiology of Neospora caninum among goats (Capra hircus) in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M.A. Braz ◽  
J.D.M. Valente ◽  
E.M.C. Villalobos ◽  
M.C.C.S.H. Lara ◽  
C.A.L. Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factor Evaluation

ABSTRACT Although goat dairy farms in Brazil may have a higher risk of infection by Neospora caninum than beef farms, risk factor evaluation on a representative population remains to be fully established in Brazil. Accordingly, this study aimed to establish the occurrence of anti-N. caninum antibodies and factors associated with exposure in 406 blood samples from five dairy and three beef goat farms in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), with samples considered positive when reacting with dilution ≥ 1:50. A total of 106/406 goats (26.11%; 95% CI: 21.96-30.72%) were seroreactive comprising 2/61 (3.28%), 10/45 (22.22%), 13/50 (26.00%), 17/51 (33.33%) to 29/46 (63.04%) in dairy farms, and from 3/54 (5.56%), 12/50 (24.00%) to 20/49 (40.82%) on the beef farms. No significant associations were found in relation to age, gender, dairy versus beef farms, occurrence of abortions or mummified fetuses, and seroreactivity to N. caninum (P>0.05). In conclusion, goat farms in the state of Paraíba showed the highest occurrence of anti-N. caninum antibodies to date in Brazil.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infection by Neospora caninum of dairy cattle in the state of Alagoas, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1009-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Sousa ◽  
J.N. Porto Wagnner ◽  
Pedro P.F. Albuquerque ◽  
Orestes L. Souza Neto ◽  
Eduardo B. Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Serological Investigation

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in cattle from milk producing farms of the microregion of Batalha, state of Alagoas, Brazil, as well as to identify the risk factors associated with the infection. Blood samples were collected from 1,004 cattle of 17 farms for the serological investigation regarding the presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies by the Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction Technique (IMRT). From the total amount of samples analyzed, 77/1,004 (7.67%) were positive and 927/1,004 (92.33%) were negative. The logistical regression identified that cattle from farms without consortium breeding have an infection risk 6.33 (p<0.001; C.I. 2.89-13.10) times higher than cattle from farms with that type of breeding. Cattle from farms where the aborted fetuses are not adequately buried have an infection risk 3.04 (p<0.001; C.I. 1.64-5.63) times higher than cattle from farms with adequate destination of these fetuses. Infection by N. caninum occurs in cattle of the investigated region. The factors identified in our study can be used as risk indicators, so that control measures could be implemented to avoid infection by N. caninum in the herds of this region.

Flock-level risk factors associated with Neospora caninum seroprevalence in dairy goats in a semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.S.A.B. Santos ◽  
S.S. Azevedo ◽  
H.S. Soares ◽  
S.S.S. Higino ◽  
F.A. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Neospora caninum in crossbred dairy cows in Uberlândia

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayara Resende Nasciutti ◽  
Patrícia Magalhães de Oliveira ◽  
Vinícius De Morais Barbosa ◽  
Selwyn Arlington Headley ◽  
Felipe Gonçalves Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The City

Neospora caninum causes reproductive disorders in dairy cattle such as repeat breeding, abortion, and anestrus, which are risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of N. caninum in Brazil and worldwide. This study aimed to verify the risk factors related to the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in crossbred dairy cows in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. During, January to July 2013, 740 blood samples were collected from 57 herds with a history of reproductive disorders and determinations of antibody titers against N. caninum were obtained by ELISA assay. The seroprevalence of N. caninum was 18.4% (136/740). Risk factors for N. caninum were cows greater than 2 years of age (P = 0.034), mechanical milking (P = 0.012), and frequent purchase of animals (P = 0.004), in addition to individual history of abortion (P = 0.007) and repeat breeding (P = 0.030). The highest probability of occurrence of associated risk factors was associated with individual history of abortion and repeated breeding and the frequent purchase of animals, with odds of 12.8, 5.9, and 3.8 times, respectively. In conclusion, the risk factors associated with N. caninum: members of the female sex and cows with more than 2 years-of-age, mechanical milking, and the frequent purchase of animals, in addition to individual history of abortion and repeated breeding.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep flocks of Uberlândia county, MG

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Renata Sampaio Salaberry ◽  
Liria Hiromi Okuda ◽  
Alessandra Figueiredo de Castro Nassar ◽  
Jacqueline Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Anna Monteiro Correia Lima-Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sheep Blood ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Significant Difference

Neosporosis is a parasitic disease that occurs in sheep and is associated with reproductive failure. The aim of this study was to verify seroprevalence of Neospora caninum antibodies in 12 sheep flocks in Uberlândia county, Minas Gerais, Brazil, using Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA). A total of 334 sheep blood samples were analyzed and an epidemiologic questionnaire was applied for each farm in order to correlate with risk factors of neosporosis: gender, age, breed, abortion problems, contact with cattle and dogs, and presence of wild canids. The prevalence of Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep was 8.1%, with titers ranging from 50 to 3200 and 83.3% of farms detected at least one ovine reactive. There was statistically significant difference in flocks with abortion problems associated with the presence of Neospora caninum antibodies (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors to Leptospira sp. infection in dogs attended at veterinary clinics in João Pessoa, Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. e144154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Willian De Lima Brasil ◽  
Diego Figueiredo Da Costa ◽  
Carla Lauise Rodrigues Menezes Pimenta ◽  
Roberta Nunes Parentoni ◽  
Clebert José Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The City

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira sp. in dogs attended at veterinary clinics in the city of João Pessoa, State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil.  A total of 384 blood samples from dogs from 34 veterinary clinics were used from April 2015 to May 2016. The diagnosis of Leptospira sp. was carried out through Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT), using a collection of 20 pathogenic antigens and adopting a 1: 100 dilution as cutoff point. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied to the owners of the animals to obtain data to be used in the analysis of risk factors. The prevalence of seropositive animals was 11.7% (45/384), with reactions for serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae (62.3%), Grippotyphosa (22.2%), Canicola (13.3%), Djasiman 2%) and Pomona (2.2%). The following risk factors were identified: age from 49 to 72 months (odds ratio = 2.74), Age > 72 months (odds ratio = 3.22), and monthly cleaning of the environment where the animals are kept (odds ratio = 10,70). It is concluded that dogs attended at veterinary clinics in João Pessoa are exposed to infection by Leptospira sp., with predominance of serogroups kept by wild animals, and it is suggested that the periodic cleaning of the environment where the animals are kept.

scholarly journals Survey of Ehrlichia canis, Babesia spp. and Hepatozoon spp. in dogs from a semiarid region of Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Emmanuelle de Farias Rotondano ◽  
Herta Karyanne Araújo Almeida ◽  
Felipe da Silva Krawczak ◽  
Vanessa Lira Santana ◽  
Ivana Fernandes Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Smear ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Babesia Vogeli ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
Babesia Spp

This study assessed the occurrence of Ehrlichia spp., Babesia spp. and Hepatozoon spp. infections in 100 tick-harboring dogs from a semiarid region of the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Blood samples and ticks were collected from the animals, and a questionnaire was submitted to dog owners to obtain general data. Blood samples were used to perform hemogram, direct blood smear and immunological and molecular hemoparasite detection. The 1,151 ticks collected were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus; direct smears revealed E. canis-like morulae in the monocytes of 4% (4/100) of the non-vaccinated female dogs, and 34% and 25% of the dogs tested positive for Ehrlichia canis by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Blood smear examination revealed Babesia-suggestive merozoites in the erythrocytes of 2% (2/100) of the animals. Babesia vogeli was detected by PCR in ten animals (10%) and was correlated with young age (p = 0.007) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.01). None of the animals showed Hepatozoon spp. positivity. These results indicate that E. canis is the main tick-borne canine pathogen in the study area and provide the first report of B. vogeli infection in dogs from Paraiba State.

scholarly journals Antibodies against rickettsiae from spotted fever groups in horses from two mesoregions in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1713-1719
Author(s):  
A.P. Medeiros ◽  
A.B. Moura ◽  
A.P. Souza ◽  
V. Bellato ◽  
A.A. Sartor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Brazilian Spotted Fever ◽  
Sentinel Animals

Bacteria of the Rickettsia genus are agents of Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF), a zoonotic disease which is difficult to diagnose, evolves quickly and can result in death. Antibodies against Rickettsia spp. in horses were studied, by means of Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFAT ≥64), in 150 blood samples taken from animals in two Santa Catarina mesoregions (Planalto Serrano and Vale do Itajaí). The overall occurrence of Rickettsia spp. antibodies in horses was 18.66%, with cross-reactivity occurring in all positive samples for at least two of the species tested. Separately, according to the species, 25 (16.66%) samples were positive for R. rickettsii, 15 (10%) for R. parkeri, 22 (14.66%) for R. amblyommii, 23 (15.33%) for R. rhipicephali, 16 (10.66%) for R. bellii and 19 (12.66%) for R. felis. Only two animals resulted in a conclusive serodiagnosis, one for R. bellii and the other for R. rickettsii, at maximum dilutions of 1:4096 and 1:512, respectively. The occurrence of antibodies against Rickettsia spp. in horses from two mesoregions in the state of Santa Catarina indicates the movement of BSF agents in these sentinel animals and confirms the importance of studying spotted fever in the state of Santa Catarina.

scholarly journals Risk factors and anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibody occurrence in dogs in João Pessoa, Paraíba state, Northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Willian de Lima Brasil ◽  
Roberta Nunes Parentoni ◽  
José Givanildo da Silva ◽  
Carolina de Sousa Américo Batista Santos ◽  
Rinaldo Aparecido Mota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Caninum Antibody ◽  
The City

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of infections due to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum and corresponding risk factors among dogs attended at veterinary clinics in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 384 dogs that were attended at 34 veterinary clinics between April 2015 and May 2016. These two agents were diagnosed through the indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IFAT). Among the 384 animals evaluated, 37 (9.6%) were positive for T. gondii, with titers ranging from 16 to 512. Six dogs (1.6%) were positive for N. caninum, with titers of 50 to 200. Access to the streets (OR = 4.60; 95% CI = 1.74-12.20) and environments close to forested areas (OR = 2.79; 95% CI = 1.32-5.93) were found to be risk factors for T. gondii infection. The dogs attended at veterinary clinics in João Pessoa are exposed to infections caused by T. gondii and N. caninum. Dog owners should avoid having access to the street or contact with forest environments.

scholarly journals Hemotropic mycoplasmas in naturally infected cats in Northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-454
Author(s):  
Alexandre Dias Munhoz ◽  
Izabela Garcia Pinto Coelho Simões ◽  
Ana Paula Fernandes Calazans ◽  
Ludimila Santos Macedo ◽  
Rebeca Dálety Santos Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
Laboratory Changes ◽  
Candidatus Mycoplasma Turicensis

Abstract This study aimed to determine the prevalence, factors associated, laboratory findings (with and without coinfection by retroviruses) among naturally infected cats by hemoplasmas in northeastern Brazil. For convenience, 200 domesticated and healthy cats were selected. Blood samples were taken to perform complete blood counts, serum biochemical, immunochromatography tests and nPCR for FIV and FeLV, and PCR for hemoplasma recognition. An interview was conducted to determine the factors associated with hemoplasmas. A total of 71/200 (35.5%) cats were positive for at least one hemoplasma species. Isolated infections were observed in 12,5% for 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum', 12% for Mycoplasma haemofelis and 3% for 'Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis'. Regarding copositivity, 2% of the animals were positive for M. haemofelis and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum', 1.5% for M. haemofelis and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis', and 4.5% for ' Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum' and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis'. No clinical and laboratory changes were observed in the animals that were concomitantly positive for retroviruses and hemoplasmas. Periurban region cats were more likely to be infected by M. haemofelis, while contact with other cats and infection by ' Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis' were associated with 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum'. This study indicates that infection by hemoplasmas is a common find in cats from northeastern Brazil.

Reproductive disorders in relation to Neospora caninum, Brucella spp. and bovine viral diarrhoea virus serostatus in breeding and dairy farms of central and southern Ethiopia

2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (8) ◽  
pp. 1772-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. ASMARE ◽  
F. REGASSA ◽  
L. J. ROBERTSON ◽  
A. D. MARTIN ◽  
E. SKJERVE
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Diarrhoea Virus

SUMMARYAbortion and stillbirth are important reproductive disorders in the dairy industry and are often caused by infectious agents. This study investigated whether bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), Brucella spp., and Neospora caninum are associated with abortion and/or stillbirth in dairy cattle in Ethiopia. Dairy cattle from 99 farms were categorized as cases (n = 134) or controls (n = 268) according to reproductive data. Blood samples were screened for antibodies for these infectious agents. The overall proportion of cattle that were seropositive for BVDV, Brucella spp., and N. caninum was 11·7%, 3·2%, and 17·2%, respectively. Seropositivity for BVDV and Brucella spp. was similar for cases and controls, but significantly more cases were seropositive for N. caninum (29·8%) than controls (10·8%). This is the first report demonstrating N. caninum is common in dairy cattle in Ethiopia, and is probably a greater impediment to reproductive success in Ethiopian dairy farms than either BVDV or Brucella spp.

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