scholarly journals Motor development in non-microcephalic infants born to mothers with Zika Virus infection during pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Laís Rodrigues Gerzson ◽  
Carla Skilhan de Almeida ◽  
Juliana Herrero da Silva ◽  
Lavinia Schüler-Faccini
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
And Control ◽  
Normal Head

ABSTRACT This cross-sectional study sought to evaluate motor development in infants exposed to ZIKV born with normal head circumference (HC). Thirty one children, distributed into two groups, participated in the study: 15 whose mothers were infected by ZIKV during pregnancy, born with HC from −1.9 to +2 Z-scores, adjusted for sex and gestational age (exposed group); and 16 randomly selected infants without known prenatal exposure to ZIKV, paired by sex and age (control group). Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) was used to evaluate gross motor development. We found no significant difference between the exposed and control groups. However, considering that AIMS is a screening test that assesses only the gross motor development and the small size of our sample, infants exposed to ZIKV during pregnancy should be continuously evaluated for different aspects of their development.

scholarly journals Anolunula in Fingernails among Patients Infected with HIV

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pratik Gahalaut ◽  
Nitin Mishra ◽  
Sandhya Chauhan ◽  
Mir Mubashir Ali ◽  
Madhur Kant Rastogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Negative

Lunula is the white, half-moon shaped area seen in proximal ends of some nails. Though a few studies have described the nail changes that can occur in association with HIV infection, none of these paid much attention to lunula. Aims and Objectives. To study the lunula in fingernails among HIV infected patients. Materials and Methods. An observational, cross-sectional study to record presence of lunula in 168 HIV-positive patients and compare it with age and sex matched 168 healthy HIV-negative control. Anolunula (absence of lunula) in HIV-positive patients was correlated with CD4 counts, stages of HIV infection, time since patient was diagnosed as HIV-positive, and status of antiretroviral therapy. Results. Anolunula was present in significantly more fingernails in HIV-positive patients compared to HIV-negative controls. There was a highly significant difference for total anolunula (anolunula in all fingernails) in study and control group. Incidence of total anolunula was directly proportional to the stage of HIV infection, increasing progressively as the HIV infection advances from stage 1 to stage 4. Conclusion. Absence of lunula is related to not only HIV infection per se but also the stages of HIV infection.

scholarly journals Comparison of ox-LDL Levels in Diabetic Patients with Normo-, Micro-, and Macroalbuminuria with Their First Degree Relatives and the Healthy Control Group

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Behzadi ◽  
Firouzeh Torabi ◽  
Massoud Amini ◽  
Ashraf Aminorroaya
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control

Oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is a product of oxidative stress. In this cross-sectional study, we compared the ox-LDL concentrations in diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (n=28), microalbuminuria (n=28), and macroalbuminuria (n=28) with their first degree relatives (n=28) and healthy control people (n=31). They were selected by consecutive patient selection method. The ox-LDL level was assayed using ELISA. We measured blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and HbA1c in all groups. There was no significant difference in ox-LDL concentrations among normoalbuminuric, microalbuminuric, and macroalbuminuric diabetic groups. In diabetic patients with micro- and macroalbuminuria, ox-LDL concentration was higher than their first degree relatives (P=0.04andP=0.03) and control group (P=0.001andP=0.03, resp.). In normoalbuminuric diabetic persons, ox-LDL concentration was just higher than that of healthy people (P=0.02). There was no statistically significant difference in ox-LDL levels between normoalbuminuric diabetic patients and their first degree relatives. In conclusion, the presence and progression of albuminuria in diabetic patients are not related to ox-LDL concentration and genetic predisposition influences the plasma OX-LDL level. Larger sample size is needed to confirm this conclusion in future studies.

scholarly journals Relationship between Motor Development and the Nutritional Status of Schools in a City of Vale dos Sinos Region, RS, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-333
Author(s):  
Rafael da Silva Selbach ◽  
Denise Bolzan Berlese ◽  
Diego Matheus Schaab ◽  
Gustavo Roese Sanfelice
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Dispersion Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractThis descriptive, quantitative, and cross-sectional study aimed at the relationship between motor development and the nutritional status of schoolchildren aged eight to ten years from the city of Novo Hamburgo. One hundred forty-five students (80 boys and 65 girls) participated in the study, duly enrolled in the municipal school system, and belonged to different schools and regions of the same municipality. The study instruments used were Ulrich's Test of Gross Motor Development - Second Edition (TGMD-2) (2001), the Ministry of Health's food frequency questionnaire, and anthropometric assessments of weight, height, and body mass index (BMI). For data analysis, mean, dispersion measure, frequency and percentage were used. To compare the data, Student's t test was used with tabulation of primary data in the program SPSS 26.0. The results showed that there was no relationship between the nutritional status and motor development of those investigated. However, it was observed that there is a statistically significant difference regarding the time that students spend watching television. Thus, it is understood that the nutritional status is related to the prolonged use of screens, which leads to overweight and obesity and keeps students away from physical activities. Keywords: Motor Skills. Nutritional Status. Child. ResumoO presente estudo descritivo, de caráter quantitativo e transversal, buscou a relação entre o desenvolvimento motor e o estado nutricional de escolares de oito a dez anos de idade, da cidade de Novo Hamburgo. Participaram do estudo 145 escolares (80 meninos e 65 meninas) matriculados na Rede Municipal de ensino que pertenciam a diferentes escolas e regiões do mesmo município. Como instrumentos de estudo foram utilizados o Test of Gross Motor Development – Second Edition (TGMD-2) de Ulrich (2001), o questionário de frequência alimentar do Ministério da Saúde e avaliações antropométricas de peso, estatura e o índice de massa corporal (IMC). Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se média, medida de dispersão, frequência e percentual. Para a comparação dos dados utilizou-se o teste estatístico t de Student com tabulação dos dados primários no programa SPSS 26.0. Os resultados apontaram que não houve relação entre o estado nutricional e o desenvolvimento motor dos investigados. Entretanto, observou-se que há diferença estatística significativa quanto ao tempo em que os escolares permanecem assistindo televisão. Desse modo, entende-se que o estado nutricional pode estar relacionado ao uso prolongado de tela, o que conduz ao sobrepeso e obesidade e afasta os escolares de atividades físicas. Palavras-chave: Destreza Motora. Estado Nutricional. Criança.

Motor Competence–Related Age and Living Environment in Girls: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Amraei ◽  
Elaheh Azadian
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to investigate the effect of age and urban and rural living environments on children’s actual and perceived motor competence. To that end, 320 female students aged 8–12 years were selected through random cluster sampling. The perceived motor competence of the participants was assessed using Marsh’s Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, and their actual motor competence was measured by the Test of Gross Motor Development-3. The results showed significant differences between urban and rural girls in perceived and actual motor competence (p < .05). However, age did not make any significant difference in motor competence (p > .05). The most significant differences in actual and perceived motor competence between urban and rural girls were observed in girls aged 8 and 10 (p < .05). The findings also indicated that rural children performed better in actual motor skills, especially ball skills. Therefore, based on the findings, it was concluded that the rural environment could have a greater impact on actual motor competence.

scholarly journals COMPARISON IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY EXPRESSION OF DESIDUAL NATURAL KILLER (dNK) IN SEVERE PREECLAMPSIAAND NORMAL PREGNANCY

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
MUARA P. LUBIS
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Immune System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immuno Histochemistry ◽  
And Control

Objective: Preeclampsia characterized systematically by extensive vascular endothelial dysfunction and microangiopathy on mother, dNK is very important for the success of placentation. They are the key mediator of maternal immune system interactions with fetal cells. dNK cells are also involved in the modulation of EVT and the remodeling of spiral arteries. Methods: Analytic research with cross-sectional study, with samples of pregnant women who suffer from severe PE and aterm pregnancy which came to H. Adam Malik Hospital and Networking Hospital, November 2015-April 2016. The samples are 46 women, who met the inclusion criteria. Results: Immunohistochemistry examination dNK cell in the severe PE case group and control group, statistically found p<0,05. dNK placenta expression in the severe preeclampsia case group gives an overview of expression with a mean of 2.55±2.31, while the control group of normal pregnancy had higher mean is 8.66±3.16. Conclusion: The examination of immunohistochemistry of dNK cells showed there is a significant difference in the expression of Immuno-histochemistry dNK cells between severe PE case group and non severe PE.

scholarly journals Vision Development Differences between Slow and Fast Motor Development in Typical Developing Toddlers: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3597
Author(s):  
Elena Pinero-Pinto ◽  
Verónica Pérez-Cabezas ◽  
Concepción De-Hita-Cantalejo ◽  
Carmen Ruiz-Molinero ◽  
Estanislao Gutiérrez-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Ocular Motility ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Development

Many studies have established a relationship between visual function and motor development in toddlers. This is the first report to study two-year-olds via an assessment of their visual and motor skills. The purpose of this study is to describe the possible changes that can occur between visual and motor systems in typical developing toddlers. A total of 116 toddlers were included in this observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. Their mean age was 29.57 ± 3.45 months. Motor development variables studied were dominant hand/foot; stationary, locomotion, object manipulation, grasping, visual motor integration percentiles; gross motor, fine motor, and total motor percentiles; and gross motor, fine motor, and total motor quotients. Visual development variables were assessed including visual acuity, refractive error, ocular alignment, motor fusion and suppression, ocular motility, and stereopsis. Our findings demonstrated that typical developing toddlers with slow gross motor development had higher exophoria and further near point of convergence values compared to toddlers with fast gross motor development (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in visual acuity and stereopsis between slow and fast gross motor development toddlers.

scholarly journals Relationship between migraine and sleep disorders in adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Lina Waty ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Bistok Saing
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Headache Type ◽  
Migraine Group ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sleeping Disorder

Background Headaches and sleep disorders may influenceacademic performances, personality, memory, and interpersonalrelationships. Migraine is the most common headache type seen inadolescents. Although headaches and sleep disorders are believedto be related, there has been little study in this area.Objectives To assess the relationship between migraine andsleep disorders in adolescents and compare different types ofsleep disorders found in adolescents with migraine vs. healthyadolescents.Methods We conducted a cross sectional study in December 2009on students of three junior high schools in the Secanggang District,Langkat Regency, North Sumatera. We included adolescents aged12 to 17 years who suffered from migraines, as defined by theInternational Cftissificaticm of Headache Disorders, 2nd edition criteria(ICHD-II), and h ealthy adolescents who did not experien cemigraines as the control group. Parents filled questionnaires ontheir child's sleep patterns for one week.Results A total of 100 adolescents were enrolled in the study,consisted of 50 adolescents in the migraine group and the others50 in the control group. There was a significant difference in theincidence of sleep disorders between the two groups (76% and30%, in the case and control groups, respectively; P= 0.0001).Moreover, significant differences were also found in the prevalenceof different sleeping disorder types between the case and controlgroups, i.e. insomnia (62% and 30%, respectively; P= 0.003), sleepapnea (56% and 16%, respectively; P= 0.0001), restlessness (56%and 18%, respectively; P= 0.0001) , parasomnia (76% and 10%,respectively; P= 0.0001), narcolepsy (42% and 16%, respectively;P= 0.008), and excessive daytime sleepiness (50% and 26%,respectively; P= 0.023).Conclusions Migraine in adolescents is significantly associatedwith sleep disorders. Parasomnia is the most common type ofsleeping disorder observed in adolescents with migraines in ourstudy.

scholarly journals Fascioliasis and COVID-19: A Case-Control Study in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Balazadeh ◽  
Mohammad Zibaei ◽  
Aliehsan Heidari ◽  
Hadis Rastad ◽  
Farzaneh Firoozeh
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Human Fascioliasis is a zoonotic infection caused by the adult stage of Fasciola species. Fasciola hepatica is a parasite that, following living in its vertebrate host, reduces the host's inflammatory immune responses to infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Therefore, because of the completely unproven and limited data on this issue, we decided to evaluate the prevalence of antibodies against this parasite in patients admitted to the hospital due to relatively severe symptoms of COVID-19.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the serum samples of 182 patients with COVID-19 disease who were diagnosed by PCR test and 210 healthy subjects in Alborz Province, Iran between March and June 2020. Anti-Fasciola antibodies status was determined in all serum samples, using ELISA technique. A self-developed questionnaire was used to measure demographic information.Results: The frequency of Fasciola infection was found to be significantly higher in COVID-19 patients as compared to healthy control (n = 4, 2.2%, n = 9, 4.3%; respectively) (P = 0.041). There was no significant difference between COVID-19 patients and control group in age, education, and gender (P > 0.05).Conclusions: This study indicates that a significant association between Fasciola hepatica seropositivity and COVID-19 disease. Our finding suggests that Fasciola infection may be able to lead to decreased immune responses, thereby reducing the severity and symptoms of COVID-19 disease.

scholarly journals Effect of school type and family income on motor competence changes in pre-school children: a repeated cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel da Rocha Queiroz ◽  
Túlio Guilherme Martins Guimarães ◽  
Carolina Maria Coelho Campos ◽  
Anderson Henry Pereira Feitoza ◽  
Rafael dos Santos Henrique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Type ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Development

A competência motora (CM) é um atributo associado a comportamentos positivos de saúde; fatores contextuais, parecem desempenhar um papel importante para CM de crianças. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a CM de pré-escolares em dois diferentes anos e identificar o efeito de fatores contextuais (tipo de escola e renda). Duas amostras representativas de crianças (3 a 5 anos) da cidade do Recife foram avaliadas em dois momentos: no ano de 2010 (282 crianças; 151 meninos) e 2012 (270 crianças; 148 meninos). A avaliação da CM foi realizada com o Test of Gross Motor Development – 2. A análise dos dados utilizou a Anova Two-Way e a Ancova ajustada por tipo de escola (pública e particular) e renda familiar, foi adotado um p<0.05. Foi identificada uma superioridade nas habilidades locomotoras, de controle de objetos e no quociente motor geral para as crianças analisadas em 2010 e o tipo de escola e renda aumentaram o tamanho do efeito das diferenças nas habilidades de controle de objetos e no quociente motor geral. Podemos concluir que houve uma diminuição na CM da população pré-escolar após dois anos e que as variáveis contextuais tipo de escola e renda são importantes para o desenvolvimento da CM.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Podocalyxin level in pre-eclampsia with severe features' patients: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3255
Author(s):  
Ahmed F. Amin ◽  
Hisham Abou-Taleb ◽  
Mustafa Gamal ◽  
Marwa M. Thabet ◽  
Nashwa Azoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: This study aims to evaluate the level of podocalyxin (PCX) in preeclampsia with severe features patients and correlate it with the results of laboratory tests.Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional study conducted in Assiut Women Health Hospital between April and October 2018.  The study included 60 patients divided into two groups; Group (A): 30 patients diagnosed to have preeclampsia with severe features and Group (B): 30 patients as normal control group. Complete laboratory investigations with measurements of the PCX level was performed for all study participants.Results: No statistically significant difference between the study group and control group according to blood urea (p= 0.339) and serum creatinine (p= 0.801).There was statistically significant difference between the study group and control group according to PCX level (p= 0.001); the mean PCX was 3340.0 ± 2394.6 in the study group versus 1083.5±1400.2 in the control group. Univariate analysis revealed podocalyxin was not correlated with clinical data or laboratory investigations.Conclusions: Podocalyxin levels were significantly elevated in preeclampsia.

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