AN INNOVATIVE METHOD TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF TEMPERATURE ON IODOSULFURON-METHYL SELECTIVITY TO OAT CROP

ABSTRACT Temperature affects the selectivity of post-emergence herbicides in a complex manner. The objective of this work was to develop a method to estimate the impact of temperature on herbicide selectivity using the white oat (Avena sativa) crop and iodosulfuron-methyl as study models. Greenhouse/growth-chamber experiments were conducted using a completely randomized design with the treatments arranged as a bi-factorial, with three repetitions. The first factor consisted of six temperatures (10, 15, 20, 24, 28 and 32 oC) to which the plants were submitted during one week after the herbicide spray. The second factor corresponded to seven doses of iodosulfuron-methyl (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 5 and 20 g ha-1). For each temperature, regression curves were fitted to the dose-response data. The rate of herbicide efficacy was computed through the method first proposed in this study. The crop tolerance to the herbicide increased proportionally to the temperature, suggesting the product detoxification is improving crop selectivity. In practical terms, it is predicted that white oat crop tolerance to iodosulfuron-methyl increases in regions of the world with high temperatures. The method developed here also can be used to understand the effect of temperature on herbicide efficacy on weeds.

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The impact of Caesalpinia sappan L. powder addition on the quality attributes of white and milk chocolates

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202133201002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 332 ◽

pp. 01002

Author(s):

Elinda Okstaviyani ◽

Kawiji ◽

Raden Baskara Katri Anandhito ◽

Asri Nursiwi ◽

Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhamnmad

Keyword(s):

Quality Attributes ◽

Physical Analysis ◽

Wood Powder ◽

Polyphenol Content ◽

Caesalpinia Sappan ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Powder Addition ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The Impact

Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) is a spice that has a high polyphenol content and has the potential to enrich the chocolate taste. This study evaluated the panelists’ acceptance and physical analysis (color and hardness) of white and milk compound chocolate with the addition of Sappan wood powder (0 %, 5%, 10%, 15%) by implementing a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment with one factor. The results showed that the addition of Sappan wood powder could reduce the panelists’ preference at the parameters of color, aroma, taste, texture and overalls. Hence, Panelists preferred white and milk compound chocolate without the addition of Sappan wood powder. Results of the physical analysis showed that the addition of Sappan wood powder decreased the chocolate brightness and increased the chocolate hardness.

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Doses and forms of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation on maize crop

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n6p373-377 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 373-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

José M. K. Santini ◽

Salatiér Buzetti ◽

Marcelo C. M. Teixeira Filho ◽

Fernando S. Galindo ◽

Daniel N. Coaguila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Azospirillum Brasilense ◽

Low Cost ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Physical Characteristics ◽

Maize Crop ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Zn Content ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT In search of a more sustainable agriculture, the use of beneficial microorganisms has been highlighted, because they are low-cost and can reduce the use of fertilizers and increase grain yield. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of A. brasilense inoculation and the best form and dose of inoculation in maize, measuring the impact on some physical characteristics and on its nutrition. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil, in a completely randomized design, with four replicates and eight treatments: 1) control; 2) Seed 1x; 3) Seed 2x; 4) Soil 1x; 5) Soil 2x; 6) Leaf 1x; 7) Leaf 2x; 8) Seed 1x + Leaf 1x, respectively representing in each treatment the site and dose of application (1x, dose recommended by the manufacturer; 2x, twice the dose recommended by the manufacturer). No differences were found in any physical characteristics evaluated between treatments; however, for nutrient contents in the leaf tissue, there was effect on Zn content. It was concluded that, regardless of the presence of A. brasilense inoculation, forms or dose (in hybrid DKB 350), in general, there were no improvements in the characteristics evaluated.

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Economic analysis of the finishing of lambs under confinement conditions using licuri cake ( Syagrus coronata Mart. Becc.)

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal ◽

10.1590/s1519-9940200252019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Jonival Barreto COSTA ◽

Ronaldo Lopes OLIVEIRA ◽

Thadeu Mariniello SILVA ◽

Ossival Lolato RIBEIRO ◽

Rebeca Dantas Xavier RIBEIRO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Economic Parameters ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The Impact ◽

Operation Cost ◽

Different Levels ◽

Ground Corn ◽

Corn Grain

SUMMARY The present study endeavors to determine the impact of the inclusion of licuri tart in the diet of finishing lambs, Santa Inês mestizos, by evaluating the economic parameters. For this purpose, a total of 44 lambs, including both uncastrated as well as vaccinated and wormed lambs, with an average age of six months and a mean body weight of 21.2 kg ± 2.7 kg, were employed. Initially, the lambs were fed on the diet which consisted of 40% Tifton-85 hay and 60% of a concentrated mixture, mainly composed of ground corn grain, soybean meal, mineral premix, being further followed by the inclusion of the licuri cake at four different levels (a) 0.0, (b) 8.0,(c) 16.0, and (d) 24% with respect to the dry matter. Principally, the soybean meal and milled corn were replaced by the licuri cake with these levels, thereby constituting four treatments and 11 replicates (11 lambs per treatment) in a completely randomized design. Further, for subjecting the lambs to the above mentioned four different levels of treatment, the lambs were confined for 70 days. The analysis of various economic parameters revealed that upon including the licuri cake up to the level of 24%, the operation cost decreases, which in turn results in higher profitability. However, its cost at the time of use will eventually determine its use for feeding lambs, because of the possible price variations of the ingredients used to formulate the diets along with the model of production of the rural property.

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Effect of Temperature on Clopyralid Safety in Strawberry

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/wet.2017.119 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 347-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shaun M. Sharpe ◽

Nathan S. Boyd ◽

Peter J. Dittmar ◽

Greg E. MacDonald ◽

Rebecca L. Darnell

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Growth Chamber ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Horticultural Crop ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Growing Conditions

AbstractStrawberry is an important horticultural crop in Florida. The long growing season and escapes from fumigation and PRE herbicides necessitate POST weed management to maximize harvest potential and efficiency. Alternatives to hand-weeding are desirable, but clopyralid is the only broadleaf herbicide registered for use. Weed control may be improved by early-season clopyralid applications, but at risk of high temperature and increased strawberry injury. The effect of temperature on clopyralid safety on strawberry is unknown. We undertook a growth chamber experiment using a completely randomized design to determine crop safety under various temperature conditions across acclimation, herbicide application, and post-application periods. There was no effect of clopyralid on the number of strawberry leaves across all temperatures. Damage to the strawberry manifested as leaf malformations. Acclimation temperatures affected clopyralid-associated injury (p=0.0309), with increased leaf malformations at higher temperatures (27 C) compared to lower (18 C) temperatures. Pre-treatment temperatures did not affect clopyralid injury. Post-application temperature also affected clopyralid injury (p=0.0161), with increased leaf malformations at higher temperatures compared to lower ones. Clopyralid application did not reduce flowering or biomass production in the growth chamber. If leaf malformations are to be avoided, consideration to growing conditions prior to application is advisable, especially if applying clopyralid early in the season.

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Biochar as soil amendment: Impact on chemical properties and corn nutrient uptake in a Podzol

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.1139/cjss-2015-0044 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (4) ◽

pp. 400-412 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

A.B. Syuhada ◽

J. Shamshuddin ◽

C.I. Fauziah ◽

A.B. Rosenani ◽

A. Arifin

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Total N ◽

Fertilized Soil ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Exchangeable Al ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Healthy Growth ◽

The Impact ◽

Biochar Amendment

A study was conducted to investigate the impact of biochar amendment on chemical properties and corn nutrient uptake in a sandy Podzol soil. Four rates of biochar (0, 5, 10, and 15 g kg−1) and two rates of inorganic fertilizer (0 and local recommendation rate for corn) were randomly applied to a completely randomized design with four replicates. Corn was grown for 45 d in a glasshouse using sandy Podzol. The increase in pH of the soil was concomitant with a decrease of exchangeable Al. The fertilized soil significantly increased total N, with a concomitant decrease in soil pH due to a N nitrification. Positive changes did occur in the soil due to biochar application, leading to a significant increase in dry matter yield and corn height. Corn N and K uptakes were significantly increased by the addition of biochar, but the same was not true for Ca and Mg. However, it was found that the concentrations of N, Ca, and Mg in the corn tissue were still lower than their critical level. Our results demonstrate that application of biochar alone is not able to supply enough nutrients for the healthy growth of corn.

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Effect of Temperature Shock on the Triploidization Success Rate of Seurukan Fish (Osteochilus vittatus)

Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education ◽

10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.8680 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kartini Eriani ◽

Alfis Syahrin ◽

Zainal Abidin Muchlisin

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Effective Temperature ◽

Slow Growth ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Temperature Shock ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Triploid Fish

Seurukan fish (Osteochilus vittatus) has many advantages, besides the fish also has disadvantages which are the slow growth, so the temperature shock of triploidization technique was expected to solve the problem. The objective of the present study was to obtain an effective temperature to increase of triploidization success of seurukan fish (Osteochilus vittatus). The experimental method and completely randomized design model were used in this study. Five levels of temperature shocks at three replicates were tasted: 4℃ (cold), 6℃ (cold), 28℃ (normal), 35℃ (heat) and 37℃ (heat). The sperms and eggs were fertilized in the plastic jar then a total 100 of fertilized eggs (zygotes) were taken randomly 3 minutes after fertilization and soaked in respective temperature for 90 seconds, and then incubated in incubation jars at the water temperature of 28-29℃. The results showed that the temperature shock gave the significant effect on the hatching and the success of triploidization success (P˂0.05), but did not give the significant effect the fertility and survival rates (P>0.05). The triploid fish can be achieved using cold and heat shock, but the higher triploid fish was recorded at 37℃ was the best temperature recommended for triploidization of Seurukan fish.

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Ketersediaan dan Serapan Mg Kacang Tanah Alfisol dengan Abu Vulkanik Kelud dan Pupuk Organik Amandemen

Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi ◽

10.20961/agsjpa.v19i1.20920 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Suntoro Suntoro ◽

Hery Widjianto ◽

Tutik Handayani

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Volcanic Ash ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Volcanic Eruptions ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Factor Data ◽

The Impact ◽

Range Test

As a result of volcanic eruptions led to the fall of the ash, but there is no much research conducted against nutrient content and the nutrient availability in soil. Disposals of volcanic ash and organic matter are expected fill Mg need in the land. Magnesium In Alfisol is still sufficientless for peanuts. The purpose of this research is study of the impact of volcanic ash and organic fertilizer for the availability and uptake of peanuts Mg in the Alfisol. The experiments did in a greenhouse used completely randomized design with one factor. Data were analyzed with F test rate from 95%, and if the treatments showed significant influenced were continued with rate duncan's multiple range test fence from 95%. The observed variables include the levels of chlorophyll, available Mg and uptake Mg. Research results show that the interaction from treatment chlorophyll content, available Mg and uptake Mg. Based on the findings of the observations of volcanic ash disposals operating significantly impact the availability of magnesium.

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PERTUMBUHAN STEK KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora) DENGAN PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BAWANG MERAH

Jurnal Media Pertanian ◽

10.33087/jagro.v6i1.108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Yulistiati Nengsih ◽

Aditya Deska Wahyu

Keyword(s):

Dry Weight ◽

Coffea Canephora ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Onion Extract ◽

Robusta Coffee ◽

Randomized Design ◽

The World ◽

Treatment Factor ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Indonesia is one of the largest coffee producing and exporting countries in the world. Most of the production is robusta variety. Coffee is the fourth largest foreign exchange earner for Indonesia after palm oil, rubber and cocoa and is a source of income for the community. Coffee can be developed in a generative (seed) and vegetative way, including using cuttings. Efforts to accelerate the formation of roots in cuttings can be done by using natural growth regulators, one of which is shallots which contain auxins. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of shallot extract on the growth of robusta coffee cuttings (Coffea canephora). This research was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 at Campus II, Batanghari University (Pijoan). The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with one treatment factor, namely shallot extract including; .k0 (without giving onion extract), k1 (250 g of shallots in 1 liter of distilled water), k2 (500 g of shallots in 1 liter of distilled water), k3 (750 g of shallots in 1 liter of distilled water), and k4 (1000 g of shallots in 1 liter of distilled water). Each stage of the experiment was repeated 3 times, so that there were 15 experimental plots, for each experiment there were 10 cuttings with a total of 150 cuttings. The observed data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by the DNMRT test at α 5%. From the immersion treatment in 750 g of shallot extract in 1 liter of distilled water (k3), there was an increase in the percentage of live cuttings 47.37%, the percentage of shoots and roots growth of 83.51%, 106.06% of shoot length, and 98.03% of roots. , and the root dry weight of 225.27% compared without giving onion extract (k0).

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Dynamics of aerial and perennial biomass of two lucerne cultivars with different fall dormancy subject to two severities of cutting during the establishment phase

Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía ◽

10.24215/16699513e072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 120 (1) ◽

pp. 072

Author(s):

Leonela Analía García ◽

Silvia Graciela Assuero ◽

Gabriel Blain ◽

Matías Ezequiel Pereyra ◽

Germán Darío Berone

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

The Other ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Shoot Number ◽

Fall Dormancy ◽

Crown Biomass ◽

Medicago Sativa L ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The Impact ◽

Establishment Phase

The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of two cutting severities on the dynamics of aerial and perennial (root plus crown) biomass of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) plants of two cultivars of contrasting fall dormancy rating during the establishment phase. We worked at Unidad Integrada Balcarce with two cultivars of lucerne (non-winter dormant: FD10; semi-winter dormant: FD6) and two cutting severities (40 and 100 mm) defining four treatments (FD6-40 mm, FD6-100 mm, FD10-40 mm and FD10-100 mm) under a completely randomized design. In both cultivars, increasing cutting severity produced a reduction in leaf area and number of nodes in the residual, resulting in a reduced production of aerial biomass during regrowth, given a reduction on shoot number. On the other hand, the effect of increased cutting severity on perennial biomass was only observed in plants of FD10 cultivar. This cultivar showed less perennial biomass when cut at 40 mm than at 100 mm, while no differences were observed between cutting heights in FD6 cultivar.

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Pengaruh Suhu dan Waktu Pengeringan terhadap Karakteristik Kimia serta Sensori Teh Daun Bambu Tabah (Gigantochloa nigrociliata BUSE-KURZ.)

Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) ◽

10.24843/jbeta.2020.v08.i02.p08 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 249

Author(s):

I Kadek Wirawan ◽

Pande Ketut Diah Kencana ◽

I Made Supartha Utama

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Tea Leaves ◽

Total Acid ◽

Drying Time ◽

Drying Temperature ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan waktu pengeringan terhadap karakteristik kimia dan sensorik teh daun bambu Tabah. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan dua faktor, yaitu faktor suhu pengeringan (50o C dan 60o C) dan faktor waktu pengeringan (1 jam, 2 jam, dan 3 jam). Perlakuan diulang tiga kali untuk mendapatkan 18 unit percobaan. Parameter yang diamati adalah kadar air, pH, total asam, total fenol, dan organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi suhu dan lama pengeringan daun teh bambu Tabah memiliki pengaruh berbeda nyata terhadap kadar air, pH, total asam, total fenol, warna, penerimaan keseluruhan, tetapi tidak memiliki pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap aroma dan rasa, dengan perlakuan terbaik ini, kadar air, pH, asam total, fenol total, warna, aroma, rasa dan penerimaan keseluruhan ditemukan kadar air 6,881%, pH 6,6, total asam 0, 73%, total fenol 84,01mg / 100g, warna 4,33, aroma 4,40, rasa 3,93, dan penerimaan keseluruhan 4,07. This study aimd to determine the effect of temperature and drying time on the chemical and sensory characteristics of Tabah bamboo leaf tea. This study was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors, namely the drying temperature factor (50oC and 60oC) and the drying time factor (1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours). The treatment was repeated three times to obtain 18 experimental units. The parameters observed were water content, pH, total acid, total phenol, color, aroma, taste, and overall acceptance tested organoleptically. The results showed that the interaction of temperature and duration of drying of Tabah bamboo tea leaves had significantly different effects on water content, pH, total acid, total phenol, color, overall reception, but did not have a significantly different effect on aroma and taste. with this combained best treatment, the water content, pH, total acid, total phenol, color, aroma, taste and overall acceptance were found water content 6,881 %, pH 6,6, total acid 0, 73%, total phenol 84,01mg / 100g,color 4,33, aroma 4.40, taste 3,93, and overall acceptance 4,07.

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