EVIDENCE FOR A PREVIOUSLY UNIDENTIFIED UPSTREAM EXON IN THE HUMAN OESTROGEN RECEPTOR GENE.

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Keaveney ◽  
J. Klug ◽  
M.T. Dawson ◽  
P.V. Nestor ◽  
J.G. Neilan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Human Gene ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Upstream Open Reading Frame ◽  
Transcriptional Unit ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Upstream Exon

ABSTRACT The presence of a previously unidentified exon upstream of the originally described human oestrogen receptor (hOR) gene is demonstrated. This is shown to be spliced to the 5′ untranslated region of the previously designated exon I. The resulting genomic structure of the human gene is thus in agreement with the structure of the mouse OR gene and highlights the conservation of an 18 amino acid upstream open-reading frame formed from the above splicing event. Taken in conjunction with previous publications this would suggest that the hOR gene is a complex transcriptional unit that contains two promoters.

An ubiquitously expressed gene 3.5 kilobases upstream of the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene in mice

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-945
Author(s):  
L A Johnston ◽  
M A Kotarski ◽  
D J Jerry ◽  
L P Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Transcriptional Unit ◽  
Chromosome 15 ◽  
Glycerol Phosphate ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Dehydrogenase Gene ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Glycerol 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

While studying the organization of the mouse glycerol-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (Gdc-1 on chromosome 15), we identified a novel transcriptional unit located only 3.4 kilobases (kb) upstream of the 5' end of the Gdc-1 gene. This gene has been provisionally named D15Kz1. The unusual proximity of these two genes led us to investigate the pattern of expression and sequence characteristics of the new gene for comparison with those of Gdc-1. D15Kz1 was found to have transcripts of 3.2 and 3.4 kb in length. The 3.4-kb transcript was expressed at low levels in all tissues examined, whereas the 3.2-kb transcript was detected only in the cerebral cortex and the brown fat. D15Kz1 and Gdc-1 are not coordinately regulated, as evidenced by the characteristics of their expression in several tissues and in differentiating 3T3-F442A adipocyte cultures. A cDNA sequence of 3,105 bases isolated from an embryonal carcinoma lambda gt10 cDNA library had a large open reading frame of 461 amino acids at one end followed by 1.6 kb of sequence with multiple stop codons. Algorithms used to search the protein and nucleic acid data bases detected no significant sequence similarity to any other protein or gene. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA using the D15Kz1 cDNA as a probe indicated that D15Kz1 is a single-copy gene in the mouse genome and that it is conserved in humans, rats, and chickens. This conservation of gene sequences suggests that D15Kz1 encodes a protein with an important cellular function.

scholarly journals Reselection of a Genomic Upstream Open Reading Frame in Mouse Hepatitis Coronavirus 5'-Untranslated-Region Mutants

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 846-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-Y. Wu ◽  
B.-J. Guan ◽  
Y.-P. Su ◽  
Y.-H. Fan ◽  
D. A. Brian
Keyword(s):  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Open Reading Frame ◽  
Upstream Open Reading Frame ◽  
Reading Frame

scholarly journals An ubiquitously expressed gene 3.5 kilobases upstream of the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene in mice.

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
L A Johnston ◽  
M A Kotarski ◽  
D J Jerry ◽  
L P Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Transcriptional Unit ◽  
Chromosome 15 ◽  
Glycerol Phosphate ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Dehydrogenase Gene ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
Glycerol 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

While studying the organization of the mouse glycerol-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (Gdc-1 on chromosome 15), we identified a novel transcriptional unit located only 3.4 kilobases (kb) upstream of the 5' end of the Gdc-1 gene. This gene has been provisionally named D15Kz1. The unusual proximity of these two genes led us to investigate the pattern of expression and sequence characteristics of the new gene for comparison with those of Gdc-1. D15Kz1 was found to have transcripts of 3.2 and 3.4 kb in length. The 3.4-kb transcript was expressed at low levels in all tissues examined, whereas the 3.2-kb transcript was detected only in the cerebral cortex and the brown fat. D15Kz1 and Gdc-1 are not coordinately regulated, as evidenced by the characteristics of their expression in several tissues and in differentiating 3T3-F442A adipocyte cultures. A cDNA sequence of 3,105 bases isolated from an embryonal carcinoma lambda gt10 cDNA library had a large open reading frame of 461 amino acids at one end followed by 1.6 kb of sequence with multiple stop codons. Algorithms used to search the protein and nucleic acid data bases detected no significant sequence similarity to any other protein or gene. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA using the D15Kz1 cDNA as a probe indicated that D15Kz1 is a single-copy gene in the mouse genome and that it is conserved in humans, rats, and chickens. This conservation of gene sequences suggests that D15Kz1 encodes a protein with an important cellular function.

Identification of a functional role for the 3′ region of the human oestrogen receptor gene

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Keaveney ◽  
M G Parker ◽  
F Gannon
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Expression Vectors ◽  
Flanking Sequence ◽  
Primary Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Receptor Gene Family

ABSTRACT A well-conserved feature of the steroid receptor gene family is the presence of an exceptionally long 3′ untranslated region (UTR). Analysis of this sequence from the human oestrogen receptor (hER) gene showed the presence of a number of AT-rich regions that included thirteen repeats of the ATTTA motif, an element known to have a destabilizing effect in other systems. In the region 3′ of the gene there were a further eight copies of this pentamer. Also located in this sequence were two members of the Alu repetitive family in inverse orientation and in a tandem arrangement. Transfection experiments in which the 3′ UTR and 3′ flanking sequence were included in chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression vectors revealed a large destabilization effect with several different fragments. This inherent instability appears to be determined by the primary nucleotide sequence but may act in conjunction with other factors. This posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism may contribute to the control of the level of the hER mRNA.

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