THE THYROID GLAND AND THE NEUROSECRETORY ACTIVITY OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS IN THE NEWBORN RABBIT

1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ŚLEBODZIŃSKI ◽  
Z. SREBRO
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neurosecretory Material ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Newborn Rabbit ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
Radioactive Concentration ◽  
Thyroid Gland Activity

SUMMARY Two hundred rabbits aged from 0 to 21 days were used for studies of the functional activity and maturity of the thyroid and hypothalamo-hypophysial system in the newborn rabbit. Histological findings showed that there was a rapid increase in the thyroid weight, attributed to somatic growth. The calculated relation between thyroid (Y) and body weight (X) was found to be Y = 0·3404X0·7726. The hormonal iodine in the blood and thyroid gland:serum radioactive concentration ratio increased with age. These variations in thyroid gland activity were paralleled by maturation of the hypothalamus (as judged from the appearance of the neurosecretory material). The supraoptic nucleihypophysial system of the rabbit appeared to be morphologically mature at about 7 days after birth. A differentiation can be made between the 'functional development' of the thyroid gland and its 'basal growth', which is part of the general growth of the body.

THE INDUCTION OF OVULATION DURING PREGNANCY IN THE RAT

1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. BROWN-GRANT
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Follicle Development ◽  
Induction Of Ovulation ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Thyroid Gland Activity

SUMMARY Ovarian follicles develop to the stage where they are competent to ovulate in response to exogenous gonadotrophin at the same rate during early pregnancy as in a normal 4-day cycle in the rat. The length of time during which this competency is retained appears to be shorter than after the blockade of ovulation by pentobarbitone administered at pro-oestrus in rats that are not pregnant. Evidence from oviduct:plasma (O:P) and uterus:plasma (U:P) 131I ratio measurements indicating high progesterone and low oestrogen levels at this stage of pregnancy may be relevant to this finding. Some evidence for a 3-day cycle of follicle development after day 6 of pregnancy was obtained but the high O:P ratios suggest that little oestrogen secretion is associated with this. Oestradiol benzoate (6·25–100 μg.) administered after day 3 of pregnancy will induce ovulation when competent follicles are present. The thyroid:plasma (T:P) concentration ratio for 131I does not rise in association with ovulation induced by exogenous gonadotrophin. After oestrogen administration, the T:P ratio may increase regardless of whether ovulation is induced or not. The results are discussed in relation to the studies of other workers on the induction of ovulation during pregnancy and to earlier work on the relationship between ovulation and changes in thyroid gland activity.

THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: THE STATE OF THE PROBLEM AND THE WAYS OF SOLVING

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Volkova ◽  
O. D. Dygun ◽  
B. G. Lukichev ◽  
S. V. Dora ◽  
O. V. Galkina
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Low T3 ◽  
Iodine Excretion

Disturbance of the thyroid function is often detected in patients with different profiles. A special feature of patients with chronic kidney  disease is the higher incidence of various thyroid function  disturbances, especially hypothyroidism. It is known that in patients  with chronic kidney disease (CKD) iodine excretion from the body is  violated, since normally 90% of iodine is excreted in urine.  Accumulation of high concentrations of inorganic iodine leads to the  formation of the Wolf-Chaikoff effect: suppression of iodine  organization in the thyroid gland and disruption of the thyroid  hormones synthesis. Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones is  also disturbed, namely, deiodinase type I activity is suppressed and  peripheral conversion of T4 into T3 is inhibited (so-called low T3  syndrome). Therefore, patients with CKD are often diagnosed with  hypothyroidism, and the origin of hypothyroidism is not always  associated with the outcome of autoimmune thyroiditis. The article  presents an overview of a large number of population studies of  thyroid gland dysfunction in patients with CKD, as well as  experimental data specifying the pathogenetic mechanisms of  thyroid dysfunction in patients with CKD. Therapeutic tactics are still  not regulated. However, in a number of studies, replacement therapy with thyroid hormones in patients with CKD had some advantages.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Eosinophilic Infiltration with Endoscopic and Histological Findings Consistent with Eosinophilic Gastritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 652-656
Author(s):  
Kazuki Yamamoto ◽  
Takeshi Okamoto ◽  
Katsuyuki Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Asymptomatic Patient ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eosinophilic Infiltration ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Medical Checkup ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Eosinophilic Gastritis ◽  
History Of

Eosinophilic gastritis often presents with gastrointestinal symptoms in the absence of abnormal endoscopic findings. On the other hand, endoscopic changes due to eosinophilic infiltration in an asymptomatic patient are rare. A 29-year-old woman with a history of asthma on steroid inhalers presented for an annual medical checkup. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed diffuse white granular patches in the body of the stomach, suggestive of eosinophilic gastritis. Histology showed over 100 eosinophils per high-power field, also consistent with eosinophilic gastritis. As the absence of symptoms precluded the diagnosis of eosinophilic gastritis, the patient was diagnosed with asymptomatic eosinophilic infiltration of the stomach.

scholarly journals Changes in the thyroid gland during the reproductive cycle of the male vespertilionid bat, Scotophilus heathi

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KRISHNA ◽  
K. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Seasonal Change ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Winter Dormancy ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Low Concentration

The aim of present study was to compare the changes in thyroid gland with the reproductive cycle of S. heathi. Thyroid showed marked seasonal variation in weight, quantity of colloid and follicular epithelial height, suggesting the thyroid gland to be inactive during quiescence and winter dormancy and active during the time of recrudescence and breeding similarly to the testicular cycle. Plasma thyroxin (T4) concentration showed a significant seasonal change with high concentration during breeding and post-breeding and low concentration during quiescence. However, the T4 concentration increased from breeding to post-breeding phase, when the testes weight was declining. It is suggested that in S. heathi the positive correlation between thyroid and testicular cycles occurs only during the phases of the reproductive cycle when the body weight and testicular activity are also closely correlated.

scholarly journals Cervical thymoma

1999 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrão Rapoport ◽  
Claudiane Ferreira Dias ◽  
João Paulo Aché de Freitas ◽  
Ricardo Pires de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Thallium 201 ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Nuclear Resonance ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Iodine 131

CONTEXT: Cervical thymoma is a primitive thymic neoplasia. It is very rare. This disease presents higher incidence in female patients in their 4th to 6th decade of life. We present a case report of a cervical thymoma CASE REPORT: 54-year-old female patient, caucasian, with no history of morbidity, presenting a left cervical nodule close to the thyroid gland. During the 30 months of investigation a left cervical nodule grew progressively next to the thyroid while the patient showed no symptoms, making accurate diagnosis difficult. Tests on her thyroid function did not show changes, nor were there changes in any subsidiary tests. The diagnosis of the disease was made intra-operatively through total thyroid individualization. The results were confirmed by the histological findings from the ressected material. Cervical thymoma is a very rare disease, with difficult preoperatory diagnosis. Some additional study methods which are employed today are thallium 201, technetium 99 and iodine 131 scintigraphy, magnetic nuclear resonance and especially histopathological findings and classification.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN THE PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATE OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Elena V. Klimova ◽  
Olga V. Mukhametova ◽  
Nail Sh. Mukhametov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
The Body ◽  
State University ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Functional Capabilities ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
Psychophysiological State

This paper examines the dynamics of changes in the indicators of the psychophysiological state of students of the Siberian State University of Railway Transport. The indicators of motor activity, vital index (ZHI) and respiratory system were considered. The purpose of the study is to identify the physical and functional capabilities of the body of first-year students, as well as to analyze the level of health. The objectives of the study are to determine the level of psychophysiological state of students in dynamics. Research hypothesis: the source of physical education should be on motor activity that is appropriate for development, in order to promote self-efficacy and pleasure, as well as encourage continuous participation in physical activity; through the acquisition of motivational experience by students in physical education and sports, physical and functional development is achieved, as well as self-esteem, goal orientation and tasks; the effectiveness of physical development can be achieved by changing the approaches to the implementation of FC programs, sports facilities, recruitment, as well as the organization of school-university continuity. Research methods: analysis, systematization, generalization. The results of the research showed a decrease in physical fitness and activity in general, as well as the need to develop motor abilities and improve the level of physical health of students.

scholarly journals Ectopic thyroid tissue presenting as an external auditory canal mass

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Nishikanta Verma ◽  
Samuel Devanesan Abishegam ◽  
Abdul Razak Bin Haji Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Ear Canal ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
External Ear Canal ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

<p class="abstract">An ectopic thyroid is a rare occurrence with a majority of ectopic thyroid tissue located in the lingual region or in the midline. The abnormal sites represent developmental defects in migration from the floor of the primitive foregut at the foramen caecum of the tongue to the final pre-tracheal position of the gland. A few cases of ectopic thyroid tissue have also been reported from sites seemingly unrelated to the normal development of the thyroid gland.  We report a case of ectopic thyroid in the external ear canal, which presented as a small reddish mass in the external ear canal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such reported case in literature and adds to the body of knowledge in such cases. Although such a finding is exceedingly rare, the authors recommend routine histopathology in all cases of polyps in the external canal and standard investigation for the status of the residual thyroid gland via isotope scans, ultrasonography or thyroid function tests.</p>

scholarly journals A Case of Hydatid Cyst of Thyroid Gland

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpan Kumar Dey ◽  
Pijush Kanti Mandal ◽  
Agnibha Dutta ◽  
Subhraprakash Pramanik ◽  
Saurabh Maji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Science Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Multinodular Goitre ◽  
Primary Hydatid Cyst ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Thyroid Lesions

Hydatid cyst may be found in almost any part of the body, but most often in the liver and the lungs. Other organs affected occasionally include the brain, muscle, kidney, heart, pancreas, adrenal, and thyroid gland. Hydatidosis located in the thyroid is an infrequent finding, even in endemic regions. This report documents a rare case with a cystic nodule in the thyroid detected by ultrasonography. The patient was a 30-year-old woman with an euthyroid multinodular goitre. Ultrasonography revealed a cystic nodule, and the ultrasonic appearance of the cyst liquid showed multiple echoes, suggesting that the nodule could be a hydatid cyst. The histopathologic examinations confirmed this to be a primary hydatid cyst of thyroid. During the differential diagnosis of the cystic thyroid lesions, hydatid disease of the thyroid gland should be considered in endemic areas. Chemotherapy is necessary to avoid recurrence. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i2.8830 Asian Journal of Medical Science, Volume-5(2) 2014: 143-145

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