scholarly journals Effect of crop residues on CO2 flux in the CTF system during soil tillage by a disc harrow Lemken Rubin 9

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S15-S21
Author(s):  
T. Šima ◽  
M. Dubeňová
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Controlled Traffic

Carbon dioxide is one of the most important greenhouse gases. Agriculture, especially soil tillage, contributes to CO<sub>2</sub> emissions significantly. The aim of the paper was the comparison of the amounts of carbon dioxide emissions released from the soil into the atmosphere depending on the controlled traffic farming (CTF) and crop residues. Three variants of the experiment were realised: before the soil tillage, immediately after the soil tillage, and seven days after the soil tillage. The soil tillage was carried out after the harvest of winter wheat by disc harrow Lemken Rubin 9 with a tractor John Deere 8230 on the loamy soil. The monitoring points were selected in parts of the field with and without the crop residues and in trafficked and non-trafficked areas. The CTF system affects CO<sub>2</sub> flux, the amounts of emissions from the non-trafficked areas being higher than those from the trafficked areas. The crop residues left on the field cause a decrease of CO<sub>2</sub> flux. The incorporation of crop residues causes an increase of CO<sub>2</sub> flux.

scholarly journals Sustainable healthcare – Time for ‘Green Podiatry’

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Margaret Evans
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Foot Health

Abstract Background Healthcare aims to promote good health and yet demonstrably contributes to climate change, which is purported to be ‘the biggest global health threat of the 21st century’. This is happening now, with healthcare as an industry representing 4.4% of global carbon dioxide emissions. Main body Climate change promotes health deficits from many angles; however, primarily it is the use of fossil fuels which increases atmospheric carbon dioxide (also nitrous oxide, and methane). These greenhouse gases prevent the earth from cooling, resulting in the higher temperatures and rising sea levels, which then cause ‘wild weather’ patterns, including floods, storms, and droughts. Particular vulnerability is afforded to those already health compromised (older people, pregnant women, children, wider health co-morbidities) as well as populations closer to equatorial zones, which encompasses many low-and-middle-income-countries. The paradox here, is that poorer nations by spending less on healthcare, have lower carbon emissions from health-related activity, and yet will suffer most from global warming effects, with scant resources to off-set the increasing health care needs. Global recognition has forged the Paris agreement, the United Nations sustainable developments goals, and the World Health Organisation climate change action plan. It is agreed that most healthcare impact comes from consumption of energy and resources, and the production of greenhouse gases into the environment. Many professional associations of medicine and allied health professionals are advocating for their members to lead on environmental sustainability; the Australian Podiatry Association is incorporating climate change into its strategic direction. Conclusion Podiatrists, as allied health professionals, have wide community engagement, and hence, can model positive environmental practices, which may be effective in changing wider community behaviours, as occurred last century when doctors stopped smoking. As foot health consumers, our patients are increasingly likely to expect more sustainable practices and products, including ‘green footwear’ options. Green Podiatry, as a part of sustainable healthcare, directs us to be responsible energy and product consumers, and reduce our workplace emissions.

Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from monoculture and rotational cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
C F Drury ◽  
X M Yang ◽  
W D Reynolds ◽  
N B McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Previous Crop

It is well established that nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from agricultural land are influenced by the type of crop grown, the form and amount of nitrogen (N) applied, and the soil and climatic conditions under which the crop is grown. Crop rotation adds another dimension that is often overlooked, however, as the crop residue being decomposed and supplying soluble carbon to soil biota is usually from a different crop than the crop that is currently growing. Hence, the objective of this study was to compare the influence of both the crop grown and the residues from the preceding crop on N2O and CO2 emissions from soil. In particular, N2O and CO2 emissions from monoculture cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat were compared with 2 -yr and 3-yr crop rotations (corn-soybean or corn-soybean-winter wheat). Each phase of the rotation was measured each year. Averaged over three growing seasons (from April to October), annual N2O emissions were about 3.1 to 5.1 times greater in monoculture corn (2.62 kg N ha-1) compared with either monoculture soybean (0.84 kg N ha-1) or monoculture winter wheat (0.51 kg N ha-1). This was due in part to the higher inorganic N levels in the soil resulting from the higher N application rate with corn (170 kg N ha-1) than winter wheat (83 kg N ha-1) or soybean (no N applied). Further, the previous crop also influenced the extent of N2O emissions in the current crop year. When corn followed corn, the average N2O emissions (2.62 kg N ha-1) were about twice as high as when corn followed soybean (1.34 kg N ha-1) and about 60% greater than when corn followed winter wheat (1.64 kg N ha-1). Monoculture winter wheat had about 45% greater CO2 emissions than monoculture corn or 51% greater emissions than monoculture soybean. In the corn phase, CO2 emissions were greater when the previous crop was winter wheat (5.03 t C ha-1) than when it was soybean (4.20 t C ha-1) or corn (3.91 t C ha-1). Hence, N2O and CO2 emissions from agricultural fields are influenced by both the current crop and the previous crop, and this should be accounted for in both estimates and forecasts of the emissions of these important greenhouse gases. Key words: Denitrification, soil respiration, rotation, crop residue

Influence of tillage methods on the water-physical conditions of chernozem typical and winter wheat yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
O.O. Diomkin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Protection Efficiency ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

The article presents the results of three-year studies to determine the effectiveness of local chisel, ultra-deep chisel, chisel conventional and disk tillage when growing winter wheat after fallow in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It has been established that changing the plowing of local or disking soil tillage leads to an increase in the density and hardness of the arable layer. Solid chisel tillage ensures the agrophysical state of the soil at the level of plowing. Chisel loosening improves the structure of the arable layer due to an increase in the number of water resistance aggregates by 2.5–3.4 % in comparison with plowing. The methods of soil tillage in fallow have little effect on the change in the moisture content of the arable and meter layers, which is facilitated by the accumulation and retention of moisture during the maintenance of fallow. Chisel tillage contributes to an increase in soil protection efficiency of the surface by 5–7 % in comparison with plowing due to the partial preservation of crop residues in the period after harvesting the predecessor to the beginning of summer, improvement of the structure of the upper layer and differentiated redistribution of the root system. The highest level of soil protection efficiency is provided by local chisel loosening. All non-moldboard tillage in fallow contributed to an increase in the yield of wheat grain in comparison with plowing, especially after solid loosening with a chisel plow at 33-35 cm, where an increase in yield was recorded by 0.36 t/ha (9 %). An increase in the level of profitability by 16–25 % makes it possible to recommend chisel local and solid loosening by 33–35 cm in a fallow when growing winter wheat in the conditions of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Keywords: winter wheat, chisel loosening, local loosening, efficiency, density, hardness, water resistance, yield.

The case for long-term studies of greenhouse gas emissions

1999 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIM NEWCOMB
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Long Term Studies

Many nations have recognized the need to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The scientific assessments of climate change of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) support the need to reduce GHG emissions. The 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the 1992 Convention on Climate Change (UNTS 30822) has now been signed by more than 65 countries, although that Protocol has not yet entered into force. Some 14 of the industrialized countries listed in the Protocol face reductions in carbon dioxide emissions of more than 10% compared to projected 1997 carbon dioxide emissions (Najam & Page 1998).

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide emissions under different soil tillage systems in mechanically harvested sugarcane

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 015014 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Silva-Olaya ◽  
C E P Cerri ◽  
N La Scala Jr ◽  
C T S Dias ◽  
C C Cerri
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems

scholarly journals Implementación de hornos ladrilleros en Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, Jalisco, para reducir la huella ecológica.

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
José Luis Reyes-Barragán ◽  
Juan Luis Caro-Becerra ◽  
Said Robles-Casolco ◽  
Roberto Ademar Rodríguez-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Burning Time ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The inefficient use of fuels for the burning of bricks generates importan emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, among them carbon dioxide CO2, nitrous dioxide NO2 and Greenhouse Gases (GHG), so it is very important to quantify these emissions and establish with it a baseline of carbon dioxide emissions equivalent (CO2eq). The goal of this project is the implementation of brick kilns in the municipality of Tlajomulco of Zúñiga with the aim to reduce the ecological footprint, based on the existing ecological furnaces called MK2, having as oven innovation the placement of a second wall, which will manage to contain the generated heat, thus achieving a closed system isolated in both ovens connected to each other, to take advantage of it an optimal pre-drying of the bricks. This reseach is based on not having heat losses due to it is hermeticity, since the ecological furnaces has a double sealing wall reducing the burning time beetween 7 and 12 days.

scholarly journals Investigating the effect of vegetation on the absorption of carbon dioxide (case study: Yadavaran oil field, Iran)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Velayatzadeh ◽  
Sina Davazdah Emami
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Introduction: One of the most important environmental issues related to the energy sector is the global climate change caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases. Increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere causes global warming, which has dangerous consequences. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of vegetation on the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in the Yadavaran oil field in 2017. Materials and methods: In this research, information was collected and pa- rameters were measured in 5 stations (Contractor Services Camp, Water Sup- ply, Permanent camp, Green space and Pioneer camp) with 3 replications. Re- garding the administrative and operational hours, measuring the parameters of research was carried out during the working hours of the day in spring and June 2017. In this study, the amount of temperature, velocity and wind direc- tion of the dominant region, moisture content, oxygen content, green space and vegetation, buildings and barriers, and the distances and closeness of the emission sources and altitudes from the ground surface were taken. Results: According to the results obtained in areas with vegetation and trees, at the pioneer camp and the water supply camp with increasing temperature, the amount of carbon dioxide has also increased. In the campus, the service contractor and the green area of the region with a decrease in temperature, carbon monoxide in the air was also downtrend. Conclusion: The temperature and humidity did not affect the concentration of oxygen in the air, and it was the same in the five study areas.

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Emissions Monitoring in Romania in the Context of Greenhouse Gases Reduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Avram Lazăr ◽  
Cristescu Tudora ◽  
Stoica Monica Emanuela
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Emission Coefficient ◽  
Weather Changes

The weather changes we are currently witnessing, characterised by dynamism and extreme phenomena, are the direct and indirect result of human activities which are determining the global atmosphere change in composition. The paperwork follows the evaluation and comparison of carbon dioxide emission coefficient in case of liquid oil fuels burning. The calculus model used for the carbon dioxide emission coefficient evaluation has been developed based on mathematical models from specific publications. It was applied in the case study based on data from specific literature. The results obtained following the evaluation allowed certain comparisons in the field of carbon dioxide emissions in case of the complete burning of certain fluid hydrocarbons use in industry.

Reflections on Carbon Tax on Way to Carbon Dioxide Emissions

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 1385-1388
Author(s):  
Xiao Yan Zhang ◽  
Yan Lei Qiu ◽  
Pei Long Shen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
Current Implementation

Carbon dioxide is one of the most important greenhouse gases which have caused the global warm. Reducing greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide emission, has become the hot spot of environmental issues in the current society of international world. Based on the analysis of carbon dioxide emissions in the global environment and the present introduction of carbon tax as a tool for reducing carbon dioxide emissions, the paper, on a unique perspective, compared some related conceptions in deep and analyzed the principle of the means in reducing carbon dioxide from the perspective of macro and micro. Finally, the paper gave the conclusion of China's carbon tax in the current implementation of specific measures.

WAYS TO REDUCE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS INTO THE ATMOSPHERE AT PRODUCTION PROCESSES IN CROP

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Ramil Khafizov ◽  
Farit Khaliullin ◽  
Kamil Khafizov ◽  
Azat Nurmiev ◽  
Stanislav Sinickiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Agricultural Machines

The article provides an overview of the state of the art related to the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere during the operation of mobile machine-tractor units in the agricultural sector of the economy. Sources of greenhouse gas emissions are considered. It was revealed that a huge amount of greenhouse gases are emitted into the atmosphere due to intensive soil cultivation, while the emission of CO2, NOX and CH4 is many times higher than the emission of these gases from fuel combustion in the engines of machine and tractor units. However, taking into account the large areas of arable land in the Russian Federation, reducing the emission of greenhouse gases with exhaust gases (OG) of engines is an urgent task. The article discusses the composition of the exhaust gases of a diesel engine and methods of binding environmentally harmful substances, considers ways to reduce the emission of toxic components of exhaust gas. It was revealed that of the gases contributing to the formation of the greenhouse effect on the ground, up to 10% of exhaust gases contain carbon dioxide. In this regard, the ways of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide from the engines of machine-tractor units are being analyzed, the tasks of research on the binding of CO2 in soil and plants are set, by using some chemical fertilizers as substitutes, for heating the soil at the time of sowing and activating the vital activity of beneficial microorganisms in it. It is stated that one of the ways to reduce CO2 emissions into the atmosphere is to search for ways to reduce direct and indirect energy costs during the operation of machine-tractor units, including by reducing crop losses due to incorrectly selected parameters of tractors and agricultural machines, neg

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