scholarly journals Role of a corona field application in the physicochemical properties of stored strawberries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Esehaghbeygi ◽  
Arash Hajisadeghian ◽  
Masih Nasri Nasrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Lower Mass ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Mean Values

Grey mould disease caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea Pers is widely distributed on strawberries as the dominant postharvest disease. Therefore, fruits have been treated using a pin-to-plate corona electrical field at a high voltage electric field (HVEF) intensity of 3.61, 4.56, and 5.13 kV·cm<sup>–1</sup> for 60 minutes. The result revealed that the corona discharge demolished the B. cinerea growth using 20 kV·cm<sup>–1</sup> for 10 min in the Petri dishes. In addition, the treated strawberries at 4.56 kV·cm<sup>–1</sup> had an average infection rate of 23.33% compared with non-treated samples rate of 45.33%. The HVEF-treated samples showed significantly lower mass losses. The analysis of variance showed that the HVEF did not significantly affect the total soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity, and softness; however, the lower acidity affected the Botrytis cinerea growth. No significant differences were observed among the mean values in the colour change parameters and colour difference for 4.56 kV·cm<sup>–1</sup> compared with the control, while the lightness was significantly higher. The result show that the corona electrical field was able to demolish the B. cinerea growth, and an electric field intensity at 4.56 kV·cm<sup>–1</sup> was found to extend the strawberries' cold storage and to lead to a lower mass loss.

scholarly journals Variability of characteristic components of aronia

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Šnebergrová ◽  
H. Čížková ◽  
E. Neradová ◽  
B. Kapci ◽  
A. Rajchl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa ◽  
Black Chokeberry ◽  
The Mean

The variability of characteristic components of aronia (Aronia melanocarpa, black chokeberry) and to evaluate the chemical composition and quality of aronia products in order to complete the already available data and to facilitate authentication of fruit products were estimated. The mean values obtained for the set of aronia fruits were: soluble solids 19.9 &deg;Brix, titratable acidity 9.8 g malic acid/kg, formol number 11.9 ml 0.1M NaOH/100 g, ash 6.7 g/kg, phosphorus 0.34 g/kg, potassium 2.90 g/kg, calcium&nbsp; 0.27&nbsp;g/kg, magnesium 0.16 g/kg, sucrose 0.10 g/kg, glucose 47.1&nbsp;g/kg, fructose 37.8 g/kg, sorbitol 66.1 g/kg, malic acid 9.6 g/kg, citric acid 1.0 g/kg, quinic acid 5.0 g/kg, isocitric acid 0.02&nbsp;g/kg. These values can potentially be a useful tool to determine aronia content in foodstuffs or to determine adulteration of other fruit-based products with aronia. The most promising markers appeared to be the content of sorbitol, quinic acid and characteristic profile of anthocyanins measured by HPLC. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Biomineralogical investigation of late-harvest grapes colonised by Botrytis cinerea Pers.

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Grabowski ◽  
Maciej Pawlikowski
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Grape Varieties

AbstractThe ripening process of two grape varieties in the vineyard located in the Sandomierz region was examined. In 2015, the ‘Regent’ and the ‘Sibera’ varieties reached physiological ripeness on 30th September and 3rd October, respectively. On both harvest dates, in addition to soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and pH, the macronutrient content was also determined. In the phase of physiological ripeness, the ‘Sibera’ variety showed higher acidity (1.02 g · 100 mL−1) compared with the ‘Regent’ (0.87 g · 100 mL−1). A higher soluble solids content was found in the ‘Regent’ (20.4°Brix), and slightly lower in the ‘Sibera’ (18.1°Brix). The must of the ‘Regent’ had a higher pH (3.5). This variety also had higher macronutrient contents (K, Ca and Mg). Grapes harvested after 3 weeks (late harvest) showed higher values of sugars, pH, K, and P for both varieties. However, their titratable acidity content, and Ca and Mg contents decreased. Microscopic examination showed differences in mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea on grape bunches for both of the varieties left for the late harvest. The mycelial growth promoted faster dehydration of the ‘Sibera’ berries. Spot chemical analyses of ‘Sibera’ berry peel performed using EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) showed the occurrence of elevated contents of potassium, phosphorus, sulphur, magnesium and silicon. Around skin cracks, sugar crystals as well as hard-to-identify microcrystals were formed containing potassium. On the surface of the ‘Regent’ berries, potassium, and traces of phosphorus, silicon, magnesium, sulphur and calcium were found.

scholarly journals (E)-2-Hexenal Can Stimulate Botrytis cinerea Growth in vitro and on Strawberries in vivo during Storage

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 875-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elazar Fallik ◽  
Douglas D. Archbold ◽  
Thomas R. Hamilton-Kemp ◽  
Ann M. Clements ◽  
Randy W. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
High Concentration

Some plant-derived natural volatile compounds exhibit antifungal properties and may offer an opportunity to control the causes of postharvest spoilage without affecting quality of, or leaving a residue on, fresh produce. The natural wound volatile (E)-2-hexenal has exhibited significant antifungal activity in earlier studies, but effects on spore germination and mycelial growth have not been separated, nor has the inhibitory mode of action been determined. To determine the efficacy of (E)-2-hexenal for control of Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr. spore germination and mycelial growth, and to examine the mode of action, in vitro and in vivo studies were performed. Under in vitro bioassay conditions, spore germination was more sensitive to the compound than was mycelial growth. Vapor from 10.3 μmol of (E)-2-hexenal in a 120-mL petri dish completely inhibited spore germination. However, 85.6 μmol of (E)-2-hexenal was required to completely inhibit mycelial growth. Lower concentrations of the compound (5.4 and 10.3 μmol) significantly stimulated mycelial growth, especially when the volatile was added 2 days following inoculation. Mycelial growth did not occur as long as the vapor-phase concentration was 0.48 μmol·L-1 or greater. Light microscopy analysis indicated that a high concentration of volatile compound dehydrated fungal hyphae and disrupted their cell walls and membranes. Exposure of B. cinerea-inoculated and non-inoculated strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) fruit in 1.1-L low-density polyethylene film-wrapped containers to vapor of (E)-2-hexenal at 85.6 or 856 μmol (10 or 100 mL, respectively) per container for durations of 1, 4, or 7 days during 7 days of storage at 2 °C promoted the incidence of B. cinerea during subsequent shelf storage at 20 to 22 °C. Loss of fruit fresh mass and fruit firmness during storage at 22 °C was increased by (E)-2-hexenal treatment, but fruit total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, and color (L, C, and H values) were not affected. Thus, maintenance of a high vapor-phasel level of (E)-hexenal, perhaps >0.48 μmol·L-1, may be necessary to inhibit mycelial growth and avoid enhancing postharvest mold problems, while significantly higher levels may be necessary to completely eliminate the pathogen.

scholarly journals Effect of pre-storage hot air and hot water treatments on post-harvest quality of mango (Mangifera indica Linn.) fruit

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 842-851
Author(s):  
Oluwole O. OLADELE ◽  
Olajide I. FATUKASI
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Heat Treated

Mature, green and fresh mango fruits were harvested from an orchard and sorted before they were subjected to hot air (HA) and hot water (HW) treatments. Before treatment, the fruits were washed with clean water, disinfected for 10 min in 0.385% m/v of sodium hypochlorite and allowed to air-dry at 26 °C before they were separately immersed in HA and HW at 52 and 55 ºC for 1, 3 and 5 min each before storage at 28 ± 2 ºC and 75 ± 5% relative humidity inside sterilized desiccators where the fruit peel colour change was evaluated at intervals of 5days for 20 days while fruits that were not heat treated served as control. Each treatment contained a replicate of five fruits. After 20 days in storage, the heat-treated fruits were then assessed for post-harvest quality characteristics including weight loss, firmness, titratable acidity (TA) and total soluble solids (TSS). Only fruits treated with HA at 52 °C-3 min and 55 °C-3 min retained the mango peel greenness for 20 days while those treated with HW at 55 ºC-1min and 55 ºC-3 min equally retained the peel greenness but for 15 days in storage. Thus, they were considered as effective and interestingly, the weight loss, firmness; TA and TSS of the treated fruits were not significantly affected by these effective treatments as compared with untreated fruits.

scholarly journals Cold Storage and Biocontrol Agents to Extend the Storage Period of ‘BRS Isis’ Seedless Table Grapes

Horticulturae ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Colombo ◽  
Deived Carvalho ◽  
Maria Cruz ◽  
Ciro Sumida ◽  
Saeed Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Seedless Grape

‘BRS Isis’ is a novel hybrid seedless table grape with large reddish bunches. This cultivar is cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas and has potential to be exported overseas; however, under these growth conditions, grapes can be severely damaged by gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), the main postharvest disease of table grapes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate different pre- and postharvest strategies to extend the storage period of ‘BRS Isis’ seedless table grapes. The treatments consisted of grapes packed into carton boxes under cold storage (1 °C and high relative humidity), pre- and/or postharvest treatment with potassium bicarbonate or a biological control agent (Bacillus subtilis), all with Botrytis inoculation. Additionally, two controls, with and without Botrytis inoculation, were also evaluated. The experimental design was completely randomized with eight treatments and three replications, and each plot consisted of four bunches. After a 50-day cold storage period, the carton boxes were kept for five days at room temperature (22 °C). Gray mold incidence and water loss, as well as soluble solids (SS), pH, titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, and color attributes were evaluated during both periods. Cold storage effectively reduced gray mold in ‘BRS Isis’ seedless grape for a period of 50 days, even when grapes were inoculated; however, no difference among treatments was observed. Higher water loss was observed in both non-treated control treatments.

scholarly journals Studies on Genetic Variability and Correlation among the Different Traits in Solanum lycopersicum L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj BERNOUSI ◽  
Aliyeh EMAMI ◽  
Mehdi TAJBAKHSH ◽  
Reza DARVISHZADEH
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
North West ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

In present study the genetic diversity in some tomato genotypes were investigated in two years at North-west of Iran where due to its geographical situation is one of the most favourable regions for tomato cultivation. Twenty five tomato genotypes were evaluated for yield and important morphological traits during 2006-2007. Experiment was conducted in a 5 lattice square design with 3 replications in each one of years. Data on morphological traits were collected from central row on individual plants basis on mean values of five plants of each genotype selected at random. Analysis of variance on the studied traits revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the characters except for fruit yield, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and number of tillers. Genotype year interaction was only significant for some of the characters including number of fruit per plant, titratable acidity and for fruit yield. Mean data revealed high range for most of studied traits. Maximum and minimum variability were observed for number of fruit per plant and pH respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis allowed the assessment of similarity and clarified some of the relationships among tomato genotypes. UPGMA produced a dendrogram with four clusters. The first cluster included 64% of studied tomato genotypes. Results from the PCA indicated that more than 91% of the variability observed can be explained by the first seven components. Based on PCA, PC1 can be considered as representatives of fruit size, while properties that show high correlation with PC2 are the ones related to plant characteristics.

scholarly journals Effect of prestorage curing on storage life, internal and external qualities of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis)

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 910-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Titilola Aborisade ◽  
Ayodeji Adeyeye Ajibade
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Quality Retention ◽  
Juice Content

Orange fruits from two seasons, in April and August 2006 representing late 2005 and early 2006 harvests respectively were cured in hot air at 36-37(0)C to 1%, 3%, 5% and 7% weight loss before storage at 28(0)C and 86% relative humidity (RH). The fruits were observed for incidence of decay, further weight loss, juice content, firmness or softening of the peel, total soluble solids (TSS), pH, titratable acidity, and colour during storage. Curing reduced the incidence of decay. All control fruits were rotten by day 21 in August harvest while 22.5% of the control was rotten by day 56 in the April harvest. Storage life was extended beyond 56 days in fruits cured with 1, 3, 5 and 7% in April harvest as there was no decay throughout, while decay incidence in August harvest was 88.9, 61.1, 22.2 and 31.3% in 1, 3, 5 and 7% respectively. Penicillium digitatum, Phytophthora sp., Alternaria citri and Collectotrichum gloeosporioides were among decay causing moulds detected. Control fruits lost more weight during storage than cured fruits did. Fruit rind hardening was more noticed in the control and those cured to 1% weight loss, especially from the April harvest. It was insignificant in other treatments in both trials. Titratable acidity, pH, juice content and TSS were not affected by the treatment. Colour change to yellow was however retarded by curing. Curing to 5% weight loss was best for decay control and quality retention.

scholarly journals Functional Quality of Improved Tomato Genotypes Grown in Open Field and in Plastic Tunnel under Organic Farming

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Otilia Cristina Murariu ◽  
Creola Brezeanu ◽  
Carmenica Doina Jităreanu ◽  
Teodor Robu ◽  
Liviu Mihai Irimia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Organic Cultivation ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Tomato Genotypes

In response to urgent demand to raise awareness of the nutritional and health benefits of tomato consumption and to advocate for healthy diets through increased sustainable production and consumption of fruits and vegetables, this study is intended to promote a healthy and balanced lifestyle, sharing the best practices of production and consumption. The aim of this research was to compare the effects of the growing system (field vs. plastic tunnel) and of genotype characteristics for organic improved tomato genotypes. The research was carried out in the 2019 and 2020 years on eight improved tomato genotypes. The results showed that the ascorbic acid content presented higher values for organic tomatoes cultivated in the field for all genotypes studied, with an upper limit of 18.57 mg·100 g−1 FW. In contrast, the content in β-carotene and lycopene showed higher values for genotypes grown under plastic tunnel conditions. Significant statistical differences were noticed concerning the mean values of all genotypes according to cultivation conditions (field vs. plastic tunnel) for most parameters excepting total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), maturity index (MI) and flavor index (FI). This highlights the major importance of the selection of some genotypes of tomatoes that respond positively to the organic cultivation system in terms of the presence of the antioxidants compounds (vitamin C, lycopene, and carotene) in representative quantities. Genotype 3 is highlighted by the highest content in carotene (7.4 mg·100 g−1 F.W.) and lycopene (8.4 mg·100 g−1 F.W.) and genotype 5 by the highest content in vitamin C (16.8 mg·100 g−1 F.W.). The results of the study suggest that by applying appropriate techniques for growing organic tomatoes in the plastic tunnel system, the antioxidant substrate can be optimized compared to the results obtained for the field system.

scholarly journals 411 Elevated Oxygen Atmospheres as a Decay Control Alternative on Strawberry

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 514F-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette L. Wszelaki ◽  
Elizabeth J. Mitcham
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Off Flavors ◽  
Fruit Flavor

Controlled atmospheres have been proven an effective postharvest disease deterrent for strawberries both in transport and storage. However, these treatments do not provide residual protection once the commodity is removed from the atmosphere, and the atmospheres can cause off-flavors in the fruit. Elevated oxygen atmospheres are a novel addition to this technology and could potentially provide better decay control without the harmful effects on fruit flavor aspects. Elevated oxygen will potentially discourage microbial growth, as anaerobes grow best under very low oxygen levels and aerobes grow best under atmospheric oxygen. Threshold elevated oxygen levels to prevent Botrytis cinerea growth in vitro and in vivo on strawberry were assessed. Botrytis cultures (mycelial plugs and spores) and fresh strawberry fruit were exposed to 21%, 40%, 60%, and 80% oxygen atmospheres at 5 °C for 5, 7, and 14 d. Growth of cultures from mycelial plugs was evaluated after treatment and during post-treatment incubation by measuring the diameter of the fungus. Spore germination and germ tube elongation were evaluated every 24 h for 3 days after treatment by counting the number of germinated spores and measuring elongation, respectively. Strawberry quality including firmness, color, soluble solids, titratable acidity, ethylene production and respiration rates, and presence of defects were evaluated upon removal from the elevated oxygen atmospheres as well as after 1, 3, and 5 d storage in air at 20 °C simulating market conditions.

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of new strawberry cultivars in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Marllon Fernando Soares dos Santos ◽  
Antonio Felippe Fagherazzi ◽  
Juliana Martins de Lima ◽  
Bruna Miranda Costa ◽  
Francine Regianini Nerbass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Qualitative Performance

The choice of cultivars to be used by strawberry farmers is essential since it could determine the success of the crop. The present study aimed to evaluate the productive and qualitative performance of strawberry genotypes grown in Vacaria, RS, Brazil. Twelve strawberry genotypes were compared, constituting the different treatments: cultivars Strawberry Festival, Oso Grande, Jonica, and Pircinque, and selections FRF PA3, FRF CE 51, FRF CE 56, FRF PIR 29, FRF PIR 54, FRF 85.04, FRF 149.18, and FRF 102.21. The seedlings were transplanted on May 13, 2014, in a semi-hydroponic cultivation system, adopting a randomized block design with four blocks and an experimental unit of ten useful plants. The variables evaluated were the number of fruits, total production per plant, productivity, commercial productivity, fresh fruit mass, commercial percentage, soluble solids, titratable acidity, soluble solids to total acidity ratio, pulp firmness, and production seasonality. The mean values ​​were subjected to an analysis of variance and multivariate analysis, and their means were compared by the Scott-Knott test at a 5% error probability. Cultivar Strawberry Festival and selection FRF 102.21 showed higher productions (1138 g plant-1 nd 1019 g plant-1, respectively) and quantities of fruits produced (85 un plant-1 and 87 un plant-1, respectively). Cultivar Jonica and selection FRF 85.4 showed higher percentages of marketable fruits. The Pircinque cultivar was prominent for sugar content, presenting a value 24% superior to the general average of the cultivars. Cultivars Strawberry Festival, Jonica, and Pircinque and selection FRF 102.21 showed the highest qualitative and quantitative gains for the region of Vacaria, RS, Brazil.

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