Ethnographic Analysis of University-Industry Linkages: A Case Study in Triangulation
It is widely acknowledged that university research and information exchange between academic and industrial science play vital roles in technological innovation, yet little is known about the process of university-industry linkage and its economic results. In 1982, the National Science Foundation's Division of Industrial Science and Technological Innovation (NSF/ISTI) began sponsorship of a major research project exploring the process of information exchange between academia and the business world, as well as the relationship of such linkage to the complex process of technological innovation. From 1982 to 1985, the Productivity Improvement Research Section of NSF/ISTI provided approximately $400,000 to support a feasibility study and a two-phase research project focusing on university-industry linkages in the State of Michigan (Grant #ISI-8313945).