scholarly journals A Perspective Study on Oral-fecal Transmission of COVID-19, its Prevention and Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Shah Faisal ◽  
Hasnain Jan ◽  
Rimsha Zainab ◽  
Ayyaz Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Ssrna Virus ◽  
The Us ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Gastrointestinal Manifestation ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus outbreak arose in Wuhan, China in Dec, 2019. It is declared the 6th public health emergency by the WHO and named as COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is non-segmented positive sense ssRNA virus, belongs to the Coronaviridae under the Nidovirales and spread largely in human being and other mammals. Person to person, airborne and surface transmission is common, the virus gets entered to host through nose, mouth, eyes, food, water and feces. An infected patient can transmit the virus to 2.2 healthy individuals.  A patient in the US showed gastrointestinal symptoms vomiting, nausea and pass loose stools. Later the patient declared positive for SARS-CoV-2 based on viral detection in stools and respiratory samples. The gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and detection of SARS-CoV-2 in stools of infected and recovered patients indicates potential oral-fecal transmission route, it could be potential risk for the spread of COVID-19. The flatus is gas produced by aerophagia or bacterial fermentation in intestine and expelled out through esophagus or anus. It consists of Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide and Methane, their percentage composition is 99%. Previous study showed that bacteria can transmit through bare-bottom farting. The gastrointestinal manifestation and possible oral-fecal transmission, the flatulence could be the risk of transmission for COVID-19. Personal hygiene must be adapted to prevent the spread of disease. 

scholarly journals A perspective Study on oral-fecal transmission of COVID-19, its Prevention and Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Ssrna Virus ◽  
The Us ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Gastrointestinal Manifestation ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus outbreak arose in Wuhan, China in Dec, 2019. It is declared the 6th public health emergency by the WHO and named as COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is nonsegmented positive sense ssRNA virus, belongs to the Coronaviridae under the Nidovirales and spread largely in human being and other mammals. Person to person, airborne and surface transmission is common, the virus get entered to host through nose, mouth, eyes, food, water and feces. An infected patients can transmit the virus to 2.2 healthy individuals. A patient in the US showed gastrointestinal symptoms vomiting, nausea and pass loose stools. Later the patient declared positive for SARS-CoV2 on the basis of viral detection in stools and respiratory samples. The gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and detection of SARS-CoV-2 in stools of infected and recovered patients indicates potential oral fecal transmission route, it could be a potential risk for the spread of COVID-19. The flatus is gas produced by aerophagia or bacterial fermentation in intestine and expelled out through esophagus or anus. It comprises Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon dioxide and Methane, their percentage composition is 99%. Previous study showed that bacteria can transmit through bare bottom farting. The gastrointestinal manifestation and possible oral-fecal transmission, the flatulence could be the risk of transmission for COVID-19. We must adapt personal hygiene to prevent the spread of disease.

Antisemitic or Bordering on Antisemitic? Grey Areas in Romanian Fake News Discourses in the Wake of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Anca-Simina Martin
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Elie Wiesel ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Us ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Jews as a collective have long served as scapegoats for epidemics and pandemics, such as the Bubonic Plague and, according to some scholars, the 1918–1920 influenza pandemic. This practice reemerged in the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic, when more and more fake news outlets in the US and Europe started publishing articles on a perceived linkage between Jewish communities and the novel coronavirus. What this article aims to achieve is to facilitate a dialogue between the observations on the phenomenon made by the Elie Wiesel National Institute for the Study of the Holocaust in Romania and the latest related EU reports, with a view to charting its beginnings in Romania in relation to other European countries and in an attempt to see whether Romania, like France and Germany, has witnessed the emergence of “grey area” discourses which are not fully covered by International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance working definition of antisemitism.

scholarly journals An immersive Arabic language course in Cairo moves online

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Heba Salem
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Community Based ◽  
American University ◽  
University Environment ◽  
The Us ◽  
Community Based Learning ◽  
Online Format ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The University

This chapter describes the my experience as the instructor for a course rooted in community based learning theory that was forced to move online in spring, 2020, due to the novel coronavirus pandemic. The course, titled ‘CASA Without Borders’, allows Arabic language students in the Center for Arabic Study Abroad (CASA) program at The American University in Cairo (AUC) to leave the university environment and serve the community, while also benefiting from the experience both linguistically and culturally. This course was disrupted by the students’ mandatory return to the US from Cairo as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak, and continued remotely in an online format. This chapter describes the CASA program and explains both the purpose of the CASA Without Borders course and its significance to CASA students and to the program. It also describes and reflects upon my experience of continuing the course remotely during the ongoing pandemic.

scholarly journals COVID-19, MERS and SARS with Concomitant Liver Injury—Systematic Review of the Existing Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Kukla ◽  
Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka ◽  
Katarzyna Kotfis ◽  
Dominika Maciejewska ◽  
Igor Łoniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Intensive Care Treatment ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Massive Necrosis ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Elevated Transaminases

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection has been predominantly linked to respiratory distress syndrome, but gastrointestinal symptoms and hepatic injury have also been reported. The mechanism of liver injury is poorly understood and may result as a consequence of viral hepatitis, systemic inflammatory response, gut barrier and microbiome alterations, intensive care treatment or drug toxicity. The incidence of hepatopathy among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear, but studies have reported liver injury in patients with SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). We aimed to systematically review data on the prevalence of hepatic impairments and their clinical course in SARS and MERS Coronaviridae infections. A systematic literature search (PubMed/Embase/Cinahl/Web of Science) according to preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA) was conducted from database inception until 17/03/2020 for studies that evaluated the incidence of hepatic abnormalities in SARS CoV-1, SARS CoV-2 and MERS infected patients with reported liver-related parameters. A total of forty-three studies were included. Liver anomalies were predominantly mild to moderately elevated transaminases, hypoalbuminemia and prolongation of prothrombin time. Histopathology varied between non-specific inflammation, mild steatosis, congestion and massive necrosis. More studies to elucidate the mechanism and importance of liver injury on the clinical course and prognosis in patients with novel SARS-CoV-2 infection are warranted.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on community health: A systematic review of a population of 82 million

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Brijesh Sathian ◽  
Mohammad Asim ◽  
Ahammed Mekkodathil ◽  
Edwin R. Van Teijlingen ◽  
Supram Hosuru Subramanya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Community Health ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Current Systematic Review ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, caused by the pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, is exponentially spreading across the globe. As there is paucity of published literature, the influence of COVID-19 on community health remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the impact of COVID-19 on community health. The current systematic review was performed utilizing electronic databases, i.e., PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE. We searched for the keywords "COVID-19" AND "community health" between January 1, 2020, until May 10, 2020. Although, limited evidence is available regarding quarantine to prevent COVID‐19, most studies considered quarantine as an essential public health measure to minimize rate of infection and mortality. Under these circumstances, people should focus on maintaining personal hygiene, proper nutrition, and extreme social distancing to reduce the risk of COVID-19. Besides, that there is a need to provide professional psychological support to reduce mental ill-health. We have highlighted two different public health approaches in South Asian countries, namely Nepal and India.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Renal Transplant Patient Presenting With Active Typical Symptoms and Resolved Atypical Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 232470962094930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreedhar Adapa ◽  
Venu Madhav Konala ◽  
Srikanth Naramala ◽  
Subba Rao Daggubati ◽  
Narayana Murty Koduri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Renal Transplant Patient ◽  
Transplant Patient ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Atypical Symptoms ◽  
Rapid Transmission ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease has brought the world to standstill with high infectivity and rapid transmission. The disease caused by novel coronavirus is termed as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We present the case of a renal transplant patient who was infected with COVID-19 through community spread and presented with fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Transplant recipients are particularly vulnerable because of the immunosuppressed state. These patients can shed a virus for a prolonged period and can have a higher load of the virus. There have been no COVID-19 cases transmitted through organ donation. Preinfection immunological impairment can aggravate the severity of the infection. The transplant team plays a crucial role in donor and recipient evaluation and guiding the timing of the transplant. Although specific published data are lacking with regard to transplant recipients, they should follow the same precautions as the general population, like avoiding nonessential travel and practice social distancing.

scholarly journals NOVEL CORONAVIRUS (2019-nCoV): DISEASE BRIEFINGS

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
KANAAN AL-TAMEEMI ◽  
RAIAAN KABAKLI
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Coronavirus (CoV) (2019‐nCoV) is a large, enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. The abnormal outbreak of 2019‐nCoV in Wuhan warns of the risk of CoV (2019‐nCoV) to public health which causes viral pneumonia outbreak. In our review, we will discuss the biology of CoVs and the potential risk of the novel CoV (2019‐nCoV) and guide us to strategic objectives for controlling the virus.

scholarly journals Novel Coronavirus, Old Partisanship: COVID-19 Attitudes and Behaviours in the United States and Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Pickup ◽  
Dominik Stecula ◽  
Clifton van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Early Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Us ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
American Case ◽  
Conservative Media ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus reached the United States and Canada almost at the same time. The first reported American case was January 20, 2020, and in Canada it was January 15, 2020 (Canada, 2020; Holshue et al., 2020). Yet, the response to this crisis has been different in the two countries. In the US, President Donald Trump, prominent Republicans, and conservative media initially dismissed the dangers of COVID-19 (Stecula, 2020). The pandemic became politicized from the early days, and even though Trump and Republicans have walked back many of their initial claims, there continue to be media reports of partisan differences in public opinion shaped by that early response. At the same time, the response in Canada has been mostly characterized by across-the-board partisan consensus among political elites (Merkley et al., 2020).

scholarly journals Emergence of the first manic episode in recovered COVID-19 patients: A case series from Egypt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayam M. Elgohary ◽  
Mohammad G. Sehlo ◽  
Usama M. Youssef ◽  
Mohamed Abdelghani
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Manic Symptoms ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Objective In December 2019, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection was first reported in Wuhan city, China, which had rapidly spread as a global pandemic. This infection was commonly presented by respiratory and /or gastrointestinal symptoms. However, it is still unclear whether COVID-19 infection could be associated with central nervous system (CNS) damage which would result in development of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Method A total of five cases of suddenly emerged manic episodes during the pandemic of COVID-19 were extensively described. We presented the symptoms and described the diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of each case. Results All patients had positive findings of ribonucleic acid (RNA) tests for COVID-19 in specimens of their sputum. The patients later developed manic symptoms during and after the recovering period of their illness. Conclusions The case series of newly emerged manic symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection highlights the essential need for evaluation of mental health status and would contribute to our understanding of the potential risk of CNS affection by COVID-19 infection. The limited number of cases would limit the generalizability of association. Future research should investigate the behavioral changes accompanying and following COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Mission to Mars Amidst a Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-170
Author(s):  
Ronda Cole Harmon ◽  
Maryann Hospelhorn ◽  
Esti Gutierrez ◽  
Camille Velarde ◽  
Matthew Fetrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
The Us ◽  
Outreach Effort ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Air Force Research Laboratory

For years, the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) in New Mexico has led an outreach effort called Mission to Mars to engage fifth grade students in applying science and mathematics concepts related to building a colony on Mars. Many organizations across the US canceled similar events due to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This design case details the original program and the pivot made to continue the program. We share successes—including reaching more rural learners—insights, and challenges, and how these have shaped a more inclusive vision for future programs.

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