Correlation among Agro-Morphological Variation and Genetic Diversity of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Drought Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Thu Ha ◽  
Do Tan Khang ◽  
Phung Thi Tuyen ◽  
Luong The Minh ◽  
Truong Ngoc Minh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics

In this study, the correlation coefficients among agro-morphological variation, genetic diversity, and drought tolerance in 44 rice cultivars were analyzed. The drought tolerance at seeding stage (DTS) was significantly proportional to drought tolerance at vegetative stage (DTV) (r = 0.60). In addition, DTS and DTV had strong significant positive correlation to leaf roll (r = 0.87 and 0.54, respectively). Means of unfilled grains and tilling per panicle were proportionally correlated to DTS (r = 0.22 and 0.25, respectively), and DTV (r = 0.20 and 0.36, respectively). However, weight of 1000 grains and filled grains recorded no correlation to DTS and DTV. At a homologous coefficient of 16.85 integrated from cluster analysis of agro-morphological, quantitative characteristics and drought tolerant scores, the rice was divided into five groups. Maximum PIC (polymorphic information content) values were detected in three markers including RM11125, RM21, and RM5629, which were between 0.78-0.79. Cluster analysis of microsatellite markers revealed that by a genetic distance of 0.63, the rice varieties were separated into three clusters. The results provide valuable information for rice breeders to select donors in breeding rice integrated with drought tolerance and good agronomic characteristics.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Selected Rice Genotypes under Water Stress Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Gaballah ◽  
Azza M. Metwally ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Mohamed M. Hassan ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Drought is the most challenging abiotic stress for rice production in the world. Thus, developing new rice genotype tolerance to water scarcity is one of the best strategies to achieve and maximize high yield potential with water savings. The study aims to characterize 16 rice genotypes for grain and agronomic parameters under normal and drought stress conditions, and genetic differentiation, by determining specific DNA markers related to drought tolerance using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers and grouping cultivars, establishing their genetic relationship for different traits. The experiment was conducted under irrigated (normal) and water stress conditions. Mean squares due to genotype × environment interactions were highly significant for major traits. For the number of panicles/plants, the genotypes Giza179, IET1444, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 showed the maximum mean values. The required sterility percentage values were produced by genotypes IET1444, Giza178, Hybrid2, and Giza179, while, Sakha101, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 achieved the highest values of grain yield/plant. The genotypes Giza178, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2, produced maximum values for water use efficiency. The effective number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.20 alleles to 3.0 alleles with an average of 1.28 alleles, and the He values for all SSR markers used varied from 0.94 to 1.00 with an average of 0.98. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values for the SSR were varied from 0.83 to 0.99, with an average of 0.95 along with a highly significant correlation between PIC values and the number of amplified alleles detected per locus. The highest similarity coefficient between Giza181 and Giza182 (Indica type) was observed and are susceptible to drought stress. High similarity percentage between the genotypes (japonica type; Sakha104 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.45), Sakha101 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.40), Sakha105 with Hybrid1 (0.40), Hybrid1 with Giza178 (0.40) and GZ1368-S-5-4 with Giza181 (0.40)) was also observed, which are also susceptible to drought stress. All genotypes are grouped into two major clusters in the dendrogram at 66% similarity based on Jaccard’s similarity index. The first cluster (A) was divided into two minor groups A1 and A2, in which A1 had two groups A1-1 and A1-2, containing drought-tolerant genotypes like IET1444, GZ1386-S-5-4 and Hybrid1. On the other hand, the A1-2 cluster divided into A1-2-1 containing Hybrid2 genotype and A1-2-2 containing Giza179 and Giza178 at coefficient 0.91, showing moderate tolerance to drought stress. The genotypes GZ1368-S-5-4, IET1444, Giza 178, and Giza179, could be included as appropriate materials for developing a drought-tolerant variety breeding program. Genetic diversity to grow new rice cultivars that combine drought tolerance with high grain yields is essential to maintaining food security.

scholarly journals Selection of drought-tolerant rice varieties from the rice variety bank of Can Tho university

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Tin Q. Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Susceptible Control ◽  
Rice Improvement

Drought has been a big problem and damaged seriously to rice cultivation and production in Vietnam and the Mekong Delta region; evaluating drought tolerance of rice is a major objective for the rice improvement programmes in Can Tho University. Fifty-two collected rice varieties including resistant and susceptible control varieties were screened for water stress under the artificial drought condition. Marker RM223 was used to identify the drought tolerance genotypes for some selected varieties with good and moderate tolerant scores. After 30 days of water stress, the results were 6 varieties of good tolerant, 8 varieties of moderate tolerance, 36 varieties of moderately susceptible and 2 varieties of susceptible to drought. Analyses of PCR showed that 10 varieties expressed the similar bands with the resistant control variety. Four varieties (LH8, MTL812, Lua Canh and VB1) with good tolerant to drought were recommended to use for genetic materials of rice breeding program and applying in alternative wetting and drying irrigation technique for rice cultivation.

High-yielding NERICA mutant rice for upland areas and hope for Bangladeshi farmers.

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Mirza Mofazzal Islam ◽  
Shamsun Nahar Begum ◽  
Rigyan Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Different Doses

Abstract Drought is an important stress phenomenon in Bangladesh that greatly hampers crop production. So, it is imperative to develop drought-tolerant rice varieties. Low-yielding, non-uniform flowering and late-maturing Africa rice - New Rice for Africa (NERICA), viz. NERICA-1, NERICA-4 and NERICA-10 varieties - were irradiated with different doses of gamma-rays (250, 300 and 350 Gy) in 2010. M1 plants were grown and M2 plants were selected based on earliness and higher grain yield. The desired mutants along with other mutants were grown as the M3 generation during 2011. A total of 37 mutants from NERICA-1, NERICA-4 and NERICA-10 were selected on the basis of plant height, short duration, drought tolerance and high yield in the M4 generation. In the M5 generation, six mutants were selected for drought tolerance, earliness, grain quality and higher yield. With respect to days to maturity and grain yield (t/ha), the mutant N1/250/P-2-6-1 of NERICA-1 matured earlier (108 days) and had higher grain yield (5.1 t/ha) than the parent. The mutant N4/350/P-4(5) of NERICA-4 also showed a higher grain yield (6.2 t/ha) than its parent and other mutants. On the other hand, NERICA-10 mutant N10/350/P-5-4 matured earlier and had a higher yield (4.5 t/ha) than its parent. Finally, based on agronomic performance and drought tolerance, the two mutants N4/350/P-4(5) and N10/350/P-5-4 were selected and were evaluated in drought-prone and upland areas during 2016 and 2017. These two mutants performed well with higher grain yield than the released upland rice varieties. They will be released soon for commercial cultivation and are anticipated to play a vital role in food security in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Evaluation of saline-alkali and drought tolerance in maize varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1063
Author(s):  
Huili Zhang ◽  
Chuang Yuan ◽  
Guillian Mao ◽  
Xue Gao ◽  
Liu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Alkali Stress ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Maize Varieties

Saline-alkali and drought stresses are one of the abiotic stress factors that limit the normal growth and development of plants. In this work, various agronomic indexes including growth physiology and yield attributes were studied under saline-alkali and drought stress treatments. It was found that the limit of plant growth and development caused by drought stress is much higher than that of saline-alkali stress (p < 0.01). Based on the comprehensive evaluation value (D value), under saline-alkali stress condition, 36 maize varieties could be divided into four groups by cluster analysis (CA): High saline-alkali tolerance (3 varieties), medium saline-alkali tolerant(10 varieties), saline-alkali sensitive (19 varieties), high saline-alkali sensitive (4 varieties). In drought stress condition, 36 maize varieties could be divided into five groups by cluster analysis (CA): High drought-tolerance (2 varieties), medium drought-tolerant (14 varieties), low drought-tolerant (15 varieties), drought-sensitive (4 varieties), high drought-sensitive (1 variety). Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive screening of maize varieties under saline-alkali and drought stresses.

scholarly journals Emerging Molecular Strategies for Improving Rice Drought Tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitender Giri ◽  
Swarup K. Parida ◽  
Saurabh Raghuvanshi ◽  
Akhilesh K. Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Protein Modification ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
The World ◽  
Use Efficiency

Abstract:: Rice occupies a pre-eminent position as a food crop in the world. Its production, however, entails up to 3000 liters of water per kilogram of grain produced. Such high demand makes rice prone to drought easily. Sustainable rice cultivation with limited water resources requires the deployment of a suitable strategy for better water use efficiency and improved drought tolerance. Several drought-related genes have been evaluated in rice for their mode of action in conferring drought tolerance. Manipulation of components of abscisic acid signal transduction, stomatal density, deposition of cuticular wax, and protein modification pathways are emerging as priority targets. Gene reprogramming by microRNAs is also being explored to achieve drought tolerance. Genetically dissected Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) and their constituent genes are being deployed to develop drought-tolerant rice varieties. Progressive research and challenges include a better understanding of crucial components of drought response and search for new targets, along with the deployment of improved varieties in the field.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation of Sinorhizobium meliloti Isolates Differing in Their Ability to Drought Tolerance

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Rana A. Hameed Hameed ◽  
Nidhal N. Hussain Hussain ◽  
Abed aljasim M. Aljibouri Aljibouri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Tolerance Study ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

Soil bacteria Sinorhizobium meliloti had enormous agricultural value, due to their ability infixing nitrogen symbiotically with an important forage crop legume- alfalfa. The aim of thisstudy (i) isolate indigenous S. meliloti from different field sites in Iraq, (ii) evaluate the isolatestolerance to induce drought using polyethylene glycol-6000, (iii) assessing genetic diversity andgenetic relationships among isolates of natural population with drought tolerant abilities.Drought tolerance study revealed vast variations between Sinorhizobium isolates, the highesttolerant isolates to drought were twelve from total thirty 40%, tolerated from -3 up to -4 Mpa(mega pascal), while the drought sensitive isolates tolerated upto – 1.5 Mpa, except isolate Bs58which tolerated upto -1 Mpa water potential. The growth declined with the increase of droughtstress. Cluster analysis based on RAPD-PCR showed significant differences among S. melilotiisolates, and the results gave almost identical grouping of isolates in regards to droughtexperiment. Among indigenous isolates two divergent groups could be determined, the first majorgroup included drought tolerant isolates and the second major group comprised all droughtmoderate and sensitive isolates with 40% similarity between the two major groups.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Studies in Drought Tolerant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sheeba ◽  
S. Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Background: Assessing the genetic diversity and relationship among breeding materials isan invaluable aid for any crop improvement programme. Principal component analysis (PCA) is a multivariate statistical technique attempt to simplify and analyze the inter relationship among a large set of variables in term of a relatively a small set of variables or components without losing any essential information of original data set. Methods: The present investigation was carried out to study the genetic diversity and relationship among the sixty five rice genotypes including popular rice varieties of Tamil Nadu, drought tolerant rice varieties, aerobic rice genotypes and land races. These genotypes were raised at Rice Research Station, Tiruvallur, during kharif, 2015 in randomized block design with three replications under aerobic condition. Data on eight yield and yield attributing traits were recorded and subjected to principal component analysis and association analysis. Result: In principal component analysis, PC1accounted for 22.91% and PC2 accounted for 19.53% of the total variation. The traits panicle length, no. of grains per panicle, plant height, days to 50% flowering, no of productive tillers per plant from the first two principal components accounted for major contribution to the total variability. Cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into six discrete clusters. The association analysis revealed that the traits viz., no. of productive tillers/plant, panicle length and hundred seed weight had positive association with higher direct effect on plot yield which could be used as selection criteria for developing high yielding rice varieties. The results of the present study have revealed the high level of genetic variation existing in the genotypes studied and explains the traits contributing for this diversity.

scholarly journals Validation of Drought Tolerance Gene-linked Microsatellite Markers and Their Efficiency for Diversity Assessment in a Set of Soybean Genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Nishi Mishra ◽  
M. K. Tripathi ◽  
Niraj Tripathi ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
Neha Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Molecular Screening ◽  
Genetic Diversity Analysis ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Tolerance Gene

Aim: Soybean is well-thought-out to be a major crop owing to its significant involvement as vegetable oil and protein in human diet. However, inopportunely, its production has been melodramatically declined attributable to the commonness of drought related stress. Study Design: During the present study a total of 53 soybean genotypes were selected. For molecular diversity analysis as well as validation total 12 SSR markers were used. Molecular screening of soybean genotypes was done to determine the efficiency of available markers in genetic diversity analysis as well as their validation on the basis of their association with drought tolerance gene. Place and Duration of the Study: The present study was conducted at Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Gwalior, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, M.P., India during the year 2018 - 2019. Methodology: Template DNA of all 53 selected soybean genotypes extracted for molecular screening. The current investigation has been accomplished to validate the available SSR markers with their efficiency in genetic diversity analysis in a set of soybean genotypes. Results: Among applied drought tolerance gene-linked 12 SSR molecular markers, the highest genetic diversity (0.6629) was noticed in Satt520 while lowest (0.0370) was in Satt557 with an average of 0. 3746.While, the highest PIC value was 0.5887 prearranged by Satt520 and lowest 0.0363 by Satt557 with the mean worth of 0.3063. Conclusion: Dendrogram constructed on the basis of banding profile of employed markers was able to discriminate some putative drought tolerant genotypes i.e., JS97-52, JS95-60 from rest of the genotypes. The results of the present examination may donate towards enhancement of soybean genotypes to bread drought tolerant varieties.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity in Thai upland rice varieties using SSR markers

2020 ◽  
pp. 597-604
Author(s):  
Somrudee Nilthong ◽  
Ekachai Chukeatirote ◽  
Rungrote Nilthong
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat Markers ◽  
Simple Sequence

Upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) is precious genetic resource containing some valuable alleles not common in modern germplasm. In this study, genetic diversity and population structure of 98 upland rice varieties from northern part of Thailand were examined using nine simple sequence repeat markers. Number of alleles detected by the above primers was 50 with a minimum and maximum frequency of 2 to 10 alleles per locus, respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.375 to 0.714 with an average of 0.605 for the primers RM164 and RM1, respectively. Dendrogram cluster analysis of the SSR data distinctly classified all genotypes into three major groups (I, II and III), which corresponded to their places of collection. Population structure divided these genotypes into two distinct subpopulations. Subpopulation 1 consisted of upland rice varieties that collected from Chiang Rai province while the majority of subpopulation 2 were collected from Phayao and Phitsanulok provinces. Analysis of molecular variance revealed 68% variance among two subpopulations and 32% variance within subpopulations, suggesting a high genetic differentiation between the two subpopulations. The huge genetic variability of upland rice in northern part of Thailand can be used to complement the gene pool of modern genotypes in rice breeding program.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Barley Genotypes (Hordeum vulgar l.) by drought tolerance indices and Multivariate analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soran Sharafi ◽  
Kazem Ghassemi Golezani ◽  
Soleyman Mohammadi ◽  
Shahram Lak ◽  
Behzad Sorkhy
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Drought Tolerance Indices ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Context: Evaluation of tolerance of different barley genotypes to drought stress, an experiment carried out in randomized block design (RCBD) with three replication during 2009-2010 growing seasons and 20 barley genotypes were studied in normal and water deficit in post anthesis stage conditions at the Saatloo Research Farm Azerbaiejan, Iran. Results: The result of variance analysis showed that there were highly significant differences between genotypes in all of the studied traits, also it was cleared that all of traits except spike length reduced in water deficit condition as compared to normal condition and seed yield, biomass and 1000 seed weight traits had the most reduction (31, 25 and 20 percent, respectively). To identify of tolerance barley genotypes to drought stress, drought tolerance indices (STI, TOL, SSI, MP, HM and GMP), correlation coefficients, principal components analysis and cluster analysis were used. The result of correlation coefficients indicated that there were significant and positive correlation between seed yield in normal and stress conditions and drought tolerance indices. Also the result of principal components analysis showed that two components justified 99% of total variations. MP, GMP, STI and HM indices and TOL and SSI indices had the most coefficients in the first and second component, respectively, so are named tolerance and sensitivity component, respectively. Conclusion: MP, HM, STI and GMP indices were appropriate indices to select of drought tolerance barley genotypes. On the other hand, the result of cluster analysis showed that 13, 14 and 7 genotypes and 18, 1 and 2 genotypes were tolerance and sensitivity genotypes to water deficit at post anthesis stage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v21i0.22525 J. bio-sci. 21: 109-122, 2013

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