scholarly journals Empedobacter brevis causing early onset sepsis and pneumonia in a neonate: case report and review of literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Laxman Basani ◽  
Roja Aepala
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Term Neonate ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Compromised Patients

Empedobacter brevis, a gram negative non-motile bacillus that belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae rarely causes infection in adults and is exceptionally rare in neonates. E. brevis is ubiquitous in the environment, causing nosocomial infections especially in debilitated and immuno-compromised patients with only one case being reported in a neonate. We report a case of early onset sepsis and pneumonia in a term neonate caused by E. brevis that was successfully treated in our unit. Awareness regarding this uncommon pathogen and initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy improves the outcome and prevents mortality. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of E. brevis sepsis reported in a neonate.

scholarly journals Hafnia alvei causing late onset sepsis in neonates: report of two cases and review of literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Laxman Basani ◽  
Roja Aepala
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Hafnia Alvei ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Compromised Patients

Hafnia alvei, a Gram negative motile bacillus that belongs to Enterobacteriaceae family is rarely associated with infection in pediatric patients and is exceptionally rare in the neonatal period. H. alvei is ubiquitous in the environment, causing infections in debilitated and immuno-compromised patients with few cases being reported in neonates. We report two cases of late onset sepsis in term neonates caused by H. alvei that were successfully treated in our unit. To the best of our knowledge, infection due to H. alvei has not been reported in neonates from India. Hafnia alvei causes infection rarely in neonates. Because it can cause nosocomial outbreaks, awareness regarding this uncommon pathogen and initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy improves the outcome and prevents mortality.

Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis Calculator and Antibiotic Therapy—Reply

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 (5) ◽  
pp. 508
Author(s):  
Niek B. Achten ◽  
Claus Klingenberg ◽  
Frans B. Plötz
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Sepsis Calculator

Post-thymectomy myasthenia gravis: a case report and systematic review of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. e246005
Author(s):  
Louise Gurowich ◽  
Gabriel Yiin ◽  
Adam Maxwell ◽  
Alexandra Rice
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Autoimmune Condition ◽  
Anti Acetylcholine

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune condition affecting the neuromuscular junction characterised by weakness and fatiguability, carrying a high morbidity if treatment is delayed. A clear association with thymoma has led to management with thymectomy as a common practice, but MG presenting post-thymectomy has rarely been reported. We present a case of an 82- year-old woman developing fatigue, ptosis and dysarthria 3 months after thymectomy. After a clinical diagnosis of MG was made, she responded well to prompt treatment with prednisolone and pyridostigmine. Her anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody (anti-AChR) subsequently came back positive. Our systematic review reveals that post-thymectomy MG can be categorised as early-onset or late-onset form with differing aetiology, and demonstrated correlation between preoperative anti-AChR titres and post-thymectomy MG. The postulated mechanisms for post-thymectomy MG centre around long-lasting peripheral autoantibodies. Clinicians should actively look for MG symptoms in thymoma patients and measure anti-AChR preoperatively to aid prognostication.

scholarly journals Clinical profile and outcome of early onset sepsis in high risk very low birth weight neonates

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omprakash S. Shukla ◽  
Aditi Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Culture Positive

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity, especially in very low birth weight neonates (birth weight <1499 grams) despite the progress in hygiene, introduction of new and potent antimicrobial agents for treatment and advanced measures for diagnosis. The aim of the study was to find correlation of clinical features and risk factors of neonatal sepsis in culture positive cases.Methods: A cross- sectional study was carried out in one hundred neonates with risk factors of septicemia after obtaining informed consent. Blood culture was done using Bactec Peds Plus/F Culture as a gold standard to diagnose septicaemia. Correlation of  risk factors, clinical features with laboratory findings was obtained by using chi-square test. p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.Results: Out of 100 neonates with suspected sepsis, BACTEC culture proven sepsis was seen in 40% cases. Gram negative sepsis was seen in 62.5% cases. The most common bacteria for early onset sepsis were Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and MRSA contributing 17% each to the bacteriological profile. The most common predisposing factor and clinical feature in culture positive cases were Premature rupture of membrane >24 hours (67%) and bleeding/petechia/pupura (72%) respectively. The major cause of mortality was pulmonary hemorrhage.Conclusions: Gram negative organism were more common and associated with higher mortality. Blood culture positivity increases with increase in number of risk factors in neonatal septicemia. A detailed history and thorough clinical examination is vital for early recognition of sepsis. 

scholarly journals Clinicobacteriological profile, antibiotic sensitivity patterns and mortality of neonatal sepsis in a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 917
Author(s):  
Gh Rasool Wani ◽  
Nazir Ahmed ◽  
Mohd Irshad ◽  
Mohd Ashraf ◽  
Bashir Ahmed Teli
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis

Background: Neonatal sepsis refers to generalized bacterial blood stream infection in first 28 days of life documented by positive blood cultures. It is one of leading causes of neonatal mortality. Objectives was to study clinicobacteriological, antibiotic sensitivity patterns and mortality of neonatal sepsis.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics of Government Medical College Srinagar in collaboration with Department of Microbiology of same medical college after ethical clearance from ethical committee of Government Medical College Srinagar. One hundred (100) neonates out of 731 neonates admitted between octomber2007 and September 2008 with signs and symptoms of neonatal sepsis were included in our study by random sampling method. After history, examination and laboratory investigation blood culture results were analyzed by standard statistical methods.Results: The blood culture was positive in 40% of neonates. Fifty one (51) neonates were males while as 49 were females. Sixty three (63) neonates had late onset of sepsis while as 37 had early onset sepsis. The positive  blood culture was more common in males, late onset sepsis, babies born in rural areas, home born, vaginal births, preterm and other  low birth weight neonates .The gram negative isolates were most common followed by positive ones .The best sensitivity of gram negative isolates was to ciprofloxacin followed by amikacin and cephalosporins while as gram positive isolates were sensitive to imipenum followed by vancomycin. Pseudomonas was most responsive to pipercillin +tazobactum combination. The neonatal mortality was 35% being higher in early onset sepsis and low birth weights.Conclusions: This study depicts a high rate of neonatal sepsis, mainly caused by gram negative organisms followed by gram positive organisms with rising drug resistance that could bear far reaching implications to the times to come, mandating the implementation of sepsis preventive measures and administration of specific antibiotics.

scholarly journals Patient characteristics, Bacteriological profile & outcome of Neonatal Sepsis: A Hospital Based Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Zabrul SM Haque ◽  
Md Abdul Mannan ◽  
Morsheda Akhter ◽  
Sabina Yasmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Common Pathogen ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis

Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in newborn. The spectrum of bacteria which causes neonatal sepsis varies in different parts of the world. The organisms responsible for early onset and late onset sepsis are different. The objective of the study was undertaken to determine the pattern of bacterial isolates responsible for early and late onset neonatal sepsis. A prospective descriptive study over the period of one year was conducted at the Department of Neonatal Intensive care unit of Ad-din Women’s Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Organisms were isolated from 8.7% of collected blood samples. The male female ratio of culture proven sepsis was 1.7:1. More than half (52.8%) of the evaluated neonates were preterm. & 56.3% had low birth weight. The gram positive and gram negative bacteria accounted for 24.1% and 75.9% of the isolates respectively. Around three fourth of the neonates (75.8%) presented with early onset sepsis, while 24.2% presented with late onset sepsis. Acinetobacter was the most common pathogen both in early onset (70%) and late onset (30%) sepsis. Pseudomonas (89.4%) was the second most common pathogen in early onset sepsis. Total mortality rate was 5.7%. Pre term, low birth weight and gram negative sepsis contributes majority of mortality.Gram negative organism especially Acinetobacter found to be commonest cause of sepsis. Pseudomonas was second most common but contributed highest in late onset sepsis and neonatal death due to sepsis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v2i1.14184 Community Based Medical Journal Vol.2(1) 2013 49-54

Neugeborenensepsis: Prokalzitonin-orientierte Antibiotikatherapie

2017 ◽  
Vol 221 (05) ◽  
pp. 214-216
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Stocker M et al. Procalcitonin-guided decision making for duration of antibiotic therapy in neonates with suspected early-onset sepsis: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial (NeoPIns). Lancet 2017; pii:S0140-6736(17)31444-7 Kommentar zur Studie: Schuetz P, Mueller B. Procalcitonin-guided antibiotic stewardship from newborns to centennials. Lancet. 2017; pii: S0140-6736(17)31628-8

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