scholarly journals Detection of insecticide resistance and mechanisms of resistance in field populations of Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) collected from different geographical locations in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
T. VENKATESAN ◽  
S. HELEN MAHIBA ◽  
S. K. JALALI ◽  
S. L. RAMYA ◽  
M. PRATIBHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Chrysoperla Zastrowi Sillemi ◽  
Geographical Locations

scholarly journals Possible molecular genetic mechanisms of resistance in populations of the Colorado potato beetle

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 00004
Author(s):  
Galina Benkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Membrane Channels ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

Expansion of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB) in the Eurasia is continuing. At the same time, there is an increase in the level of insecticide resistance in populations of CPB in Russia. Regular detection of individuals resistant to diagnostic doses of insecticides during the last 10 years shows an increase of their prevalence in local populations in Bashkortostan. Genetic base of insecticide resistance in the Colorado potato beetle populations contains both mutations in the genes of target receptors or membrane channels, as well as changes in expression of these and many other genes. Role of the diapause proteins capable to bind xenobiotics and withdraw them from metabolism is discussed.

scholarly journals Resistance to insecticides and synergism by enzyme inhibitors in Aedes albopictus from Punjab, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Moderate Resistance ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe widespread use of insecticides has ecological consequences such as emergence of insecticide resistance and environmental pollution. Aedes albopictus is a major vector of dengue virus in the Punjab province, Pakistan. Control of Ae. albopictus with insecticides along with source eradication is critical in the prevention and control of dengue fever but is threatened by the development of insecticide resistance. Here, field strains of Ae. albopictus from eight cities of Punjab were evaluated for resistance against temephos, deltamethrin and permethrin. For temephos, high resistance (RRLC50 > tenfold) was found in larvae of the Rawalpindi strain, moderate resistance (RRLC50 = five- to tenfold) in Multan, Faisalabad, Sialkot, Lahore and Sheikhupura strains, and low resistance (RRLC50 < fivefold) in Kasur and Sahiwal strains. In the case of deltamethrin, high resistance was seen in adults of the strain from Faisalabad, moderate resistance in the strains from Sialkot, Sheikhupura, Lahore and Kasur, and low resistance in Sahiwal, Multan and Rawalpindi strains. For permethrin, adults of all the field strains exhibited high levels of resistance. In synergism bioassays, toxicity of all the insecticides in the field strains significantly enhanced when tested in combination with piperonyl butoxide or S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate, suggesting the probability of metabolic-based mechanisms of resistance. In conclusion, field strains of Ae. albopictus from Punjab exhibit resistance to temephos, deltamethrin and permethrin, which might be associated with metabolic mechanisms of resistance.

scholarly journals First Report on the Mechanisms of Insecticide Resistance in Field Populations of the Small Hive Beetle in Florida

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 559
Author(s):  
Lambert H. B. Kanga ◽  
Walker Marechal ◽  
Anthony Ananga
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aethina Tumida ◽  
Small Hive Beetle ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Development Of Resistance

The small hive beetle (Aethina tumida Murray) is a serious threat to beekeeping and crops that rely on honeybees for pollination. The small hive beetle not only causes significant damage to honeybees by feeding on pollen and honey, attacking bee brood and causing stored honey to ferment, but also might serve as a vector of diseases. In addition, the small hive beetle has developed resistance to the pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides registered for control of honeybee pests in the United States. The development of resistance in small hive beetle populations is a great concern to the beekeeping industry; thus, there is an urgent need for strategies to manage that resistance. Therefore, we used synergist probes to determine the mechanisms of resistance in a small hive beetle population to these insecticides. Our studies on the toxicity of insecticides alone or with the synergists piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and S,S,S,-tributyl phosphorotrithionate (DEF) suggested that mixed-function oxidases and esterases were the major resistance factors to these insecticides in a studied population of the small hive beetle. In contrast, there was no synergism with diethyl maleate (DEM), triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and formamidine. Therefore, glutathione-S-transferase, carboxylesterase and target site were not involved in insecticide resistance in the small hive beetle. Rotation of classes of insecticides (with different modes of action) and metabolic synergists were suggested for the development of successful resistance management programs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of the mechanisms of resistance in small hive beetle populations in Florida and suggests an urgent need for alternative control strategies for these serious pests of honeybee colonies.

Geographical aspects of the diffusion of passive houses

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kozma ◽  
E. Molnár ◽  
K. Czimre ◽  
J. Pénzes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Passive House ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Passive Houses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In our days, energy issues belong to the most important problems facing the Earth and the solution may be expected partly from decreasing the amount of the energy used and partly from the increased utilisation of renewable energy resources. A substantial part of energy consumption is related to buildings and includes, inter alia, the use for cooling/heating, lighting and cooking purposes. In the view of the above, special attention has been paid to minimising the energy consumption of buildings since the late 1980s. Within the framework of that, the passive house was created, a building in which the thermal comfort can be achieved solely by postheating or postcooling of the fresh air mass without a need for recirculated air. The aim of the paper is to study the changes in the construction of passive houses over time. In addition, the differences between the geographical locations and the observable peculiarities with regard to the individual building types are also presented.

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