Selection of Drought Tolerant High Yielding Chickpea Genotypes based on Field Performance and Genetic Variation in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N.M.A. Karim ◽  
U.K. Sarker ◽  
A.K. Hasan ◽  
N. Islam ◽  
M.R. Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Diverse Data ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Drought is the most familiar abiotic stress limiting chickpea production. Genotypes may vary in their capacity to tolerate drought stress. Therefore, the study was undertaken to find out suitable genotypes in the drought prone ecosystems. Methods: The experiments were carried out at the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh during 2017 and 2018 with thirty chickpea genotypes and four moisture stresses. Through cluster analysis, genotypes were distinguished in five clusters based on similarity in characters. Result: Among the thirty chickpea genotypes BD-6048 and BD-6045 were found the most droughts tolerant based on field performance. Dendrogram was prepared based on similarity by Euclidean distance among genotypes. Dendrogram showed that members falling in clusters III and IV were more diverse. Data certified that significant genetic variation exists in chickpea genotypes in performance of various attributes in this study and these genotypes can potentially be used for chickpea breeding program.

Genetic variation in an orchardgrass population promises successful direct or indirect selection of superior drought tolerant genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 928-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozhgan Abtahi ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Majidi ◽  
Behnam Hoseini ◽  
Aghafakhr Mirlohi ◽  
Bahram Araghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Genetic Variation of Sinorhizobium meliloti Isolates Differing in Their Ability to Drought Tolerance

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Rana A. Hameed Hameed ◽  
Nidhal N. Hussain Hussain ◽  
Abed aljasim M. Aljibouri Aljibouri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Tolerance Study ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

Soil bacteria Sinorhizobium meliloti had enormous agricultural value, due to their ability infixing nitrogen symbiotically with an important forage crop legume- alfalfa. The aim of thisstudy (i) isolate indigenous S. meliloti from different field sites in Iraq, (ii) evaluate the isolatestolerance to induce drought using polyethylene glycol-6000, (iii) assessing genetic diversity andgenetic relationships among isolates of natural population with drought tolerant abilities.Drought tolerance study revealed vast variations between Sinorhizobium isolates, the highesttolerant isolates to drought were twelve from total thirty 40%, tolerated from -3 up to -4 Mpa(mega pascal), while the drought sensitive isolates tolerated upto – 1.5 Mpa, except isolate Bs58which tolerated upto -1 Mpa water potential. The growth declined with the increase of droughtstress. Cluster analysis based on RAPD-PCR showed significant differences among S. melilotiisolates, and the results gave almost identical grouping of isolates in regards to droughtexperiment. Among indigenous isolates two divergent groups could be determined, the first majorgroup included drought tolerant isolates and the second major group comprised all droughtmoderate and sensitive isolates with 40% similarity between the two major groups.

scholarly journals Results of selection of winter soft wheat in Penza Agricultural Research Institute – a branch of the CBFC

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Svetlana Valentinovna Kosenko ◽  
Vitaliy Grigorievich Krivobochek
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Individual Selection ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Main Method ◽  
State Register ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Research Institute

As a result of studies on the selection of winter soft wheat, six varieties have been created, two of which are included in the state register of selection achievements. The main method of selection used in the Penza Institute of Agriculture – a branch of the CBFC is the intraspecific steam and step hybridization combined with individual selection from the hybrid generations F2-7. Varieties and lines from various breeding centers, zoned varieties and lines of private selection were used as parent components.    

scholarly journals Genetic Variation in Drought-Tolerance Traits and Their Relationships to Growth in Pinus radiata D. Don Under Water Stress

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ismael ◽  
Jianming Xue ◽  
Dean Francis Meason ◽  
Jaroslav Klápště ◽  
Marta Gallart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of drought-tolerant genotypes is globally recognized as an effective strategy to maintain the growth and survival of commercial tree species exposed to future drought periods. New genomic selection tools that reduce the time of progeny trials are required to substitute traditional tree breeding programs. We investigated the genetic variation of water stress tolerance in New Zealand-grown Pinus radiata D. Don using 622 commercially-used genotypes from 63 families. We used quantitative pedigree-based (Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction or ABLUP) and genomic-based (Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction or GBLUP) approaches to examine the heritability estimates associated with water stress tolerance in P. radiata. Tree seedling growth traits, foliar carbon isotope composition (δ13C), and dark-adapted chlorophyll fluorescence (Y) were monitored before, during and after 10 months of water stress. Height growth showed a constant and moderate heritability level, while the heritability estimate for diameter growth and δ13C decreased with water stress. In contrast, chlorophyll fluorescence exhibited low heritability after 5 and 10 months of water stress. The GBLUP approach provided less breeding value accuracy than ABLUP, however, the relative selection efficiency of GBLUP was greater compared with ABLUP selection techniques. Although there was no significant relationship directly between δ13C and Y, the genetic correlations were significant and stronger for GBLUP. The positive genetic correlations between δ13C and tree biomass traits under water stress indicated that intraspecific variation in δ13C was likely driven by differences in the genotype’s photosynthetic capacity. The results show that foliar δ13C can predict P. radiata genotype tolerance to water stress using ABLUP and GBLUP approaches and that such approaches can provide a faster screening and selection of drought-tolerant genotypes for forestry breeding programs.

scholarly journals Virus Movement from Infected Sweetpotato Vines to Roots and Reversion on Root Sprouts

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scovia Adikini ◽  
Settumba B. Mukasa ◽  
Robert O.M. Mwanga ◽  
Richard W. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Virus Movement ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Makerere University ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Research Institute

Sweetpotato is usually propagated in Uganda by vine cuttings from mature crops, but sometimes sprouts from storage roots are used, especially in drought-prone areas. No information is available on whether the storage of roots of Ugandan cultivars are infected with the viruses and whether the sprouts on them express symptoms so that farmers can eliminate diseased ones. Information on root sprout reversion from virus infection is also lacking. The storage roots of five sweetpotato cultivars was sourced either by random selection of roots from already harvested roots or obtained from symptomless plants selected before harvest at Makerere University Agricultural Research Institute, Kabanyolo (MUARIK), and the National Semi Arid Resources Research Institute (NaSARRI). Roots were also generated in a screenhouse after being inoculated with Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) and/or Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV). More than 70% of sprouts from roots of all the cultivars selected after harvest at MUARIK and NaSARRI were infected with the viruses. For roots obtained from symptomless plants, 64% and 21% of the sprouted roots from MUARIK and NaSARRI were infected with the viruses, respectively. Most of the root samples from MUARIK had visible virus symptoms on sprouts and tested positive for both SPFMV and SPCSV, whereas those from NaSARRI did not show symptoms and were infected primarily with SPFMV. Plants graft-inoculated with either SPCSV or SPFMV alone produced both infected and noninfected roots, whereas all the root sprouts from dually infected plants showed virus symptoms. Reversion from virus infection was observed on root sprouts infected singly with SPFMV, whereas those infected with SPCSV showed recovery only, and none of the root sprouts infected by both viruses showed recovery. This study proves that roots are good reservoirs for viruses, and reversion occurs only when singly infected with SPFMV. Therefore, there is a need to establish seed channels in which seedstock is cleaned continuously and made available to farmers.

scholarly journals Development And Evaluation Of A Drum Seeder For Onion

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hoque ◽  
MA Wohab
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Land Cultivation ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
The Cost

To achieve optimum yield of onion by placing the seeds at a certain depth in lines, a manually operated drum seeder for onion has been designed, fabricated and tested in Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process (FMP) Engineering Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI). The seeder is suitable for the small farmers who have practice of direct seeding of onion under dry land cultivation. The seeder consists of a frame, a PVC drum, furrow openers, furrow closer, wheels and handle. In 2009-2010, the seeder was fabricated in FMP Engineering divisional workshop and tested in experimental plot, BARI, Gazipur. Seed rate of the seeder was 4 kg ha-1 and field capacity was 0.08 ha hr-1. Weight and price of the seeder were 5.5 kg and Tk 2500 per unit, respectively. In 2010-2011, a drug chain was added in the seeder and field performance evaluation of the seeder was repeated comparing with manual line sowing and traditional broadcasting methods in experimental plot of BARI, Gazipur. There was no significant variation between average yield of onion by using the seeder (13.26 ton ha-1) and in that of manual line sowing (12.90 ton ha-1) but there was significantly higher yield of onion by using the seeder than that in traditional (10.25 ton ha-1). But sowing time (6 h ha-1) was significantly lower for seeder use than manual line sowing (48 h ha-1) which contribute to reduce the cost of sowing for direct seeded onion. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 3 (1): 26-28, June, 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v3i1.16051

scholarly journals Polymorphism of microsatellite markers on chromosomes 3H and 7H in barley genotypes resistant and susceptible to Rhynchosporium secalis

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Hana Nevimová ◽  
Jan Bednář ◽  
Tomáš Vyhnánek
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Statistical Indicators ◽  
Barley Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of the present study was to explore the polymorphism of microsatellite markers localised on chromosomes 3H and 7H in 15 genotypes of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.), spring form (2n = 2x = 14 chromosomes, genome HVHV) from the collection of genetic resources of the Agricultural Research Institute Kroměříž, Ltd. showing various degrees of susceptibility toRhynchosporium secalis. The selection of SSR markers was based on hitherto achieved knowledge according to which the greatest amount of resistance genes againstRhynchosporium secalisis localised on chromosomes 3H and 7H of barley. We selected 33 SSR markers for the analyses; 17 were localised on chromosome 3H of barley and 16 on chromosome 7H. Out of the total 33 SSR markers, 32 were polymorphous and one mar­ker (Bmac0282) was monomorphic. In total we detected 172 alleles ranging between 101 and 235 bp; the average number of alleles per locus was 5.21. In terms of the polymorphism of the SSR markers localised on chromosomes 3H and 7H the highest polymorphism (60%) was detected in theBmag0006andBmag0021SSR markers; the lowest in theBmag0877andEBmac0713markers, i.e. 20% and 13.3%, respectively. The average polymorphism based on analyses of 17 SSR markers on chromosome 3H was 37.6% and of 16 SSR markers on chromosome 7H was 31.3%. We also calculated the statistical indicators of the variability rate characteristics of the individual microsatellite markers: diversity index (DI) which ranged between 0.000 and 0.907 (on average 0.704); polymorphous information content (PIC) ranging between 0.000 and 0.906 (on average 0.679); and probability identity (PI) ranging between 0.006 and 1.000 (on average 0.137). On the basis of constructed dendrograms for SSR markers of both chromosomes together it was possible to divide the analysed set into cluster I of genotypes resistant and cluster II of genotypes susceptible and moderately susceptible toRhynchosporium secalis, and was not possible in dendrograms of individual chromosomes.

scholarly journals Yield and Physiological Indices of Lentil Genotypes Against Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
B Ahmed ◽  
AS Mitu ◽  
M Sultana ◽  
N Tasnim ◽  
AHMMR Talukder
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Physiological Indices ◽  
Tolerant Variety ◽  
Irrigation Levels

Four lentil genotypes/varieties BLX-010014-9, ILI-5143, BARI Mosur-3 and BARI Mosur-2 were given irrigation regimes (with and without irrigation) to evaluate the physiological indices of genotypes against drought stress. The experiment was conducted during rabi (winter) season of 2017-18 under pot culture at the Plant Physiology Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI). The experimental design was randomized completed block (RCBD) with six replications. Irrespective of genotypes/varieties, physiological parameters as well as seed yield were greatly affected due to irrigation regimes. Based on physiological parameters like accumulation of chlorophyll, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidantthe genotype BLX-010014-9 was found to be drought tolerant due to its higher and lower values of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant indices (greater CAT, POD, APX and lower MDA) across the irrigation levels treatment. This genotype may be further explored to characterize its genes and mechanisms against drought stress for increased lentil production and way to developing the drought tolerant variety/varieties. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(2): 97-102

scholarly journals Selection of Suitable Potato Genotypes for Late-Sown Heat Stress Conditions Based on Field Performance and Stress Tolerance Indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2770
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
M. Jahangir Alam ◽  
Bimal Chandra Kundu ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
M. Matiar Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Plot Design

International Potato Center (CIP), -bred potato genotypes produce various yields under heat stress conditions due to being sown late. To explore options for achieving this, a replicated experiment was conducted at the field of Tuber Crops Research Sub-Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogura, Bangladesh to evaluate the performance of fourteen CIP-bred potato genotypes with two controls (Asterix and Granola). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. Several indices were applied to find out the suitable genotypes under heat stress. The plant height increased by 34.61% under heat stress, which was common in all the potato genotypes. Similarly, other yield-participating characters like stem per hill, canopy coverage (%), plant vigor, and tuber number per plant were also increased under heat stress conditions. However, the tuber yield was decreased by 6.30% and 11.41%, respectively when harvested at 70 and 90 days after plantation. Moreover, “CIP-203” yielded the highest (40.66 t ha−1) in non-stressed whereas, “CIP-118” yielded the highest (32.89 t/ha) in stressed conditions. Likewise, the bred “CIP-218” and “CIP-118” performed better under both growing conditions and yielded >35.00 t ha−1. According to a rank-sum test, among the fourteen potato genotypes, “CIP-218”, “LB-7”, “CIP-118”, “CIP-232”, and “CIP-112” were selected as heat-tolerant potatoes and can grow in both growing conditions with higher yield potential.

Cluster Analysis of Antigenic Profiles of Tumors: Selection of Number of Clusters Using Akaike’s Information Criterion

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 200-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Koziol
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Akaike's Information Criterion ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Akaike’S Information Criterion ◽  
Multinomial Data ◽  
Tumor Types ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractA basic problem of cluster analysis is the determination or selection of the number of clusters evinced in any set of data. We address this issue with multinomial data using Akaike’s information criterion and demonstrate its utility in identifying an appropriate number of clusters of tumor types with similar profiles of cell surface antigens.

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