scholarly journals HOMENS DE DEUS: sacerdócio católico e masculinidades no Piauí no século XIX

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (29) ◽  
pp. 240-259
Author(s):  
PEDRO VILARINHO CASTELO BRANCO ◽  
ELISÂNGELA BARBOSA CARDOSO

O artigo analisa as condições de vivência do sacerdócio no período Imperial brasileiro, na Província do Piauí. Percebemos os padres na dimensão das virilidades, como homens que tinham vivências cotidianas marcadas pelas condições existenciais no Piauí oitocentista. Desta forma, analisaremos as práticas cotidianas e os discursos com caráter prescritivo, que procuravam definir padrões aceitáveis para os clérigos. Na formatação do argumento, utilizamos livros de memória, relatos literários, obras historiográficas, jornais, ofícios e correspondências trocadas entre o Bispo do Maranhão e autoridades da Província do Piauí, documentos que dão conta de práticas, nem sempre canônicas, dos padres oitocentistas. Ao final, afirmamos que as possibilidades existenciais dos padres sofreram mudanças entre o meio do século XIX, período em que a Igreja gozava dostatusde religião oficial do Império, e o início do século XX, quando, livre da subordinação ao Estado, a Igreja Católica encontrava-se com a difícil tarefa de reinventar-se. Palavras-chave: Igreja Católica no Século XIX. Virilidades. Práticas de Sacerdotes. MEN OF GOD: Catholic priesthood and masculinities in Piauí in the nineteenth century Abstract: The article analyzes the conditions of priesthood living in the Brazilian Imperial period, in the Province of Piauí. We perceive the priest in the dimension of virilities, as men who had daily experiences marked by existential conditions in the nineteenth century in Piaui. In this way, we will analyze dailypractices and prescriptive discourse, which sought to define acceptable standards for clerics. In the formattingof the argument, we use memoirs,literary accounts, historiographical works, newspapers,official lettersand correspondences exchanged between the Bishop of Maranhão, and authorities of the Province of Piaui, documents that report on practices, not always canonical, of the nineteenth century priests. In the end, we affirm that the existential possibilities of the priest changed between the middle of the nineteenth century, when the church enjoyed the status of official religion of the Empire, and theearly twentieth century, when, free from subordination to the state, the Catholic Church had the difficult task of reinventing itself. Keywords: Catholic Church in the 19thcentury. Virilities. Priestly practices. HOMBRES DE DIOS: sacerdocio católico y masculinidades en Piauí en el siglo XIX Resumen: El artículo analiza las condiciones de vida del sacerdocio en el periodo imperial brasileño, en la provincia de Piauí. Percibimos los sacerdotes en la dimensión de las virilidades, como hombres que tuvieron experiencias cotidianas marcadas por condiciones existenciales en el siglo XIX Piauí. De esta forma analizaremos las prácticas diarias y los discursos prescriptivos, que intentaron definir estándares aceptables para los clérigos. En el formato del argumento, usamos libros de memoria, relatos literarios, trabajos historiográficos, periódicos, oficios y correspondencias intercambiadas entre el Obispo de Maranhão y las autoridades de la Provincia de Piauí, documentos que informan sobre las prácticas, no siempre canónicas, de los sacerdotes del siglo XIX. Al final, afirmamos que las posibilidades existenciales de los sacerdotes cambiaron entre mediados del siglo XIX, cuando la Iglesia disfrutó del estatus de religión oficial del Imperio, y principios del siglo XX, cuando, libre de subordinación al estado, la Iglesia Católica tuvo la difícil tarea de reinventarse. Palabras clave: Iglesia Católica en el Siglo XIX. La virilidad. Prácticas de Sacerdotes.

1998 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-253
Author(s):  
George Marshall

Ever since the Reformation, and increasingly since the example set by Newman, the Church of England has had to contend with the lure of Rome; in every generation there have been clergymen who converted to the Roman Catholic Church, a group either statistically insignificant or a momentous sign of the future, depending on one’s viewpoint. From the nineteenth century Newman and Manning stand out. From the first two decades of the twentieth century among the figures best remembered are Robert Hugh Benson (1871–1914) and Ronald Arbuthnot Knox (1888–1957). They are remembered, not because they were more saintly or more scholarly than others, but because they were both writers and therefore are responsible for their own memorials. What is more, they both followed Newman in publishing an account of the circumstances of their conversion. This is a genre which continues to hold interest. The two works demonstrate, among other things, the continuing influence of Newman’s writings about the identity of the Church.


1993 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Aidan Bellenger

One of the soldiers asked him what religion he was of. He readily answered, ‘I am a Catholic’ ‘What!’ said the other, ‘a Roman Catholic?’ ‘How do you mean a Roman?’ said Father Bell, ‘I am an Englishman. There is but one Catholic Church, and of that I am a member.’These words of a Franciscan priest, Arthur Bell, executed at Tyburn in 1643, could have been taken as his own by Dom Bede Camm, the Benedictine martyrologist, who was one of the great propagandists of those English and Welsh Catholic martyrs who died in the period from the reign of Elizabeth to the Popish Plot. The lives of the martyrs were familiar to English Catholics through the writings of Richard Challoner (1691–1781), whose Memoirs of Missionary Priests had been available in various forms since its publication, as a kind of Catholic reply to Foxe’s Book of Martyrs, in two volumes in 1741–2, but in the late nineteenth century, as the English Catholics, reinforced by many converts from the Church of England, grew more combative in controversy following the relative calm of the Georgian period, the martyrs came more to the forefront. The church authorities sought recognition of the English martyrs’ heroic virtue. In 1874 Cardinal Manning had put under way an ‘ordinary process’, a preliminary judicial inquiry, to collect evidence to elevate the ‘venerable’ martyrs to the status of ‘beati’. In 1895, and again in 1929, large batches of English martyrs were declared blessed. In 1935 Thomas More and John Fisher were canonized. It was not until 1970 that forty of the later martyrs, a representative group, were officially declared saints.


2016 ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Cristián Valdés Norambuena

ResumenEl presente artículo tiene por objetivo ensayar una interpretación del sentido de la acción colectiva a partir de la obra del pensador argentino Rodolfo Kusch, en vista de explicitar sus fuentes en el siglo XIX, sus re- percusiones en el siglo XX, y las posibilidades filosóficas que otorga su idea de “historia como estética”.Palabras clave: acción colectiva, política, drama mestizo, historia.AbstractThis article aims attempting to interpret the meaning of collective action from the work of Argentine thinker Rodolfo Kusch, in order to explicit his sources in the Nineteenth Century, his impact on the Twentieth Centuryand the philosophical possibilities given by his idea of “history as aesthetic”.Keywords: collective action – politics – mestizodrama – history.Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo testar uma interpretação do significado da ação coletiva a partir do trabalho do pensador argentino Rodolfo Kusch, tendo presente a necessidade de explicitar suas fontes no século XIX, seu impacto no século XX, e as possibilidades filosóficas que entrega sua ideia de “história como estética”. Palavras-chave: Ação Coletiva – Política – Drama Mestiço – História


2019 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Lituma Agüero

Luego de la Independencia, la construcción iconográfica devino en indispensable por la necesidad de educar en la historia patria desde un punto de vista vernáculo. Sin embargo fueron extranjeros los primeros que se abocaron a la investigación y compendio de la historia patria desde sus orígenes.Aquellos textos, sin imágenes aún, se utilizaron en la incipiente educación peruana del siglo XIX. A principios del siglo XX aparecieron en el Perú los primeros textos escolares ilustrados, los uales incorporaron imágenes tomadas de publicaciones foráneas, algunas de ellas con una visióneuropeizante de lo acontecido en estas tierras. Otras publicaciones menos idealizadas contribuyeron,  con sus dibujos y grabados, a la historia visual del país, y cuando fueron incorporados a los libros paraeducación básica coadyuvaron a crear el imaginario colectivo. El presente artículo muestra algunas fuentes iconográficas que sirvieron para instruir a la población escolar de principios del siglo XX, varias tomadas como válido referente en diversas situaciones de la historia del Perú, preguntándose cómo pueden haber influido en la conciencia nacional. Palabras clave: Iconografía, Imaginario, Historia, Educación Básica, Perú   AbstractAfter Independence, the building became iconographic indispensable due to the need for educationin the country´s history from a vernacular perspective. But foreigners were the first to set about theresearch and compilation of national history from its origins. Those texts, no pictures yet, were used inthe emerging nineteenth century Peruvian education. In the early twentieth century came the first illustrated textbooks, witch incorporated images taken from foreign publications, some with a view of what happened European vision in these lands. Other publications less idealized helped with his drawings and print to the visual history of the country, and when they were incorporated into the books for basic education, helped create a collective imagination. This article shows some iconographic sources that served to educate the school population in the early twentieth century, several taken as a valid reference in various situations in the history of Peru, wondering how it may have influenced national consciousness. Keywords: Iconography, Imagination, History, Basic Education, Perú


2015 ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Sánchez Pérez

<p>Resumen:</p><p>A pesar de que el cuento popular es un género muy conocido y apreciado por los sefardíes, apenas se han conservado relatos sobre animales o fábulas en la tradición moderna y contemporánea. Por este motivo, es bastante destacado que hayamos encontrado algunas fábulas entre las páginas de algunos periódicos sefardíes, publicados entre finales del siglo xix y principios del xx. En el presente trabajo se editan y estudian varias fábulas esópicas que se incluyeron en los siguientes periódicos en judeoespañol: <em>El Amigo de la Famiya</em> (Constantinopla, 1881-1886), <em>La Époka Literaria</em> (Salónica, 1908) y <em>El Rizón</em> (Salónica, 1926-1939).</p><p> </p><p>Palabras clave: judeoespañol, prensa, fábula, sefardíes.</p><p> </p><p>Abstract:</p><p>Despite that folktale is a very well known and appreciated genre by the Sephardim people, barely have been preserved some animal tales or fables in modern and contemporary tradition. For this reason it is noteworthy that we have found some fables among the pages of some Sephardic newspapers which had been published between the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. In this work we edited and studied several aesopic fables that were included in the following newspapers in djudeo-espanyol (ladino): <em>El Amigo de la Famiya</em> (Constantinople 1881-1886), <em>La Époka Literaria</em> (Thessaloniki, 1908) <em>El Rizón</em> (Thessaloniki, 1926-1939).</p><p> </p><p>Key words: Judeo-Spanish, press, fable, Sephardic.</p>


Author(s):  
Pilar Fraile Amador

Desde mediados del siglo xix hasta nuestros días se ha desarrollado un modo de escribir acerca de la escritura literaria que no es ni el de la Crítica ni el de la Poética. Estos textos, que se producen paralelamente en todas las latitudes de la literatura occidental, desde Rusia hasta Estados Unidos, comparten el objetivo de exponer los métodos y procedimientos que se utilizan en la práctica efectiva de la construcción de ficciones. Es decir, responden a la pregunta por el proceso. Abordaremos en este estudio por qué y cómo surgen estos textos en la segunda parte del siglo xix, sus características fundamentales, y su influencia en el surgimiento de distintas corrientes dentro de la misma materia a lo largo del siglo xx.                                                                                                                                                                      From de middle of the nineteenth century since today we have assisted to the rise of a new kind of texts on fiction that we can distinguish from that of the Criticism or the Poetics. These texts, written all over the western countries, from Russia to the USA, share one common goal: to explain the means and procedures of creative writing. Therefore, they focus on the process of writing. We will review in this essay the reasons for the rising of this kind of texts in the twentieth century. We will also explain their main traits and their influences on the twentieth century different streams within the same discipline.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (29) ◽  
pp. 100-114
Author(s):  
CRISTINA DONZA CANCELA

O artigo analisa a imigração de mulheres portuguesas para o estado do Pará entre a primeira metade do século XIX einício do XX, observando o fluxo dessa migração, a reemigração, o perfil relativo à idade, estado civil e origem, bem como as redes sociais acionadas por aquelas que migravam. O trabalho evidencia o aumento da presença feminina no fluxo migratório nas primeiras três décadas do século XX, marcado por mulheres jovens e solteiras vindas do norte português, trabalhando como criadas, por vezes, seguindo os passos dados por um parente. Para a realização do trabalho foram levantados os registros de passaporte e as habilitações consulares. Palavras-chave: Imigração Portuguesa. Mulheres. Pará.   PORTUGUESE WOMEN IN PARÁ: numbers, profiles, social networks and visibility(1834-1930) Abstract: The article analyzes the immigration of Portuguese women to state of Pará between the first half of nineteenthcentury and the beginning of the twentieth century observing the flowof this migration, the reemigration, the ageprofile, marital status and origin, as well as the social networks. The work evidences the increase in the female presence in the migratory flow in the first three decades of the twentiethcentury, marked by young and single women from the Portuguese North, working as maidsfollowing the steps given by a relative. The documents used for the analysis were Passport records and the Consular Habilitations. Keywords: Portuguese immigration. Women. Pará. MUJERES PORTUGUESAS EN PARÁ:números, perfiles, redes sociales y visibilidad (1834-1930) Resumen: El artículo analiza la inmigración de mujeres portuguesas al estado de Pará entre la primera mitad del siglo XIX y principios del XX, y observa el flujo de esta migración, la reemigración, el perfil de edad, estado civil y origen, así como las redes sociales provocadas por quienes migraron. El trabajo muestra el aumento de la presencia femenina en el flujo migratorio en las primeras tres décadas del siglo XX, marcado por mujeres jóvenes y solteras que vinieron del norte de Portugal y trabajaban como sirvientas, a veces, siguiendo los pasos dados por un pariente. Para llevar a cabo el trabajo, se encuestaron los registros de pasaportes y las calificaciones consulares. Palabras clave: Inmigración Portuguesa. Mujeres. Pará.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (25) ◽  
pp. 51-72
Author(s):  
DMITRI VAN DEN BERSSELAAR

Partindo de uma perspectiva histórica, considerando a chegada dos primeiros missionários anglicanos, em meados do século XIX, entre os Igbos, na Nigéria, abordarei o impacto do cristianismo (incluindo missionários e convertidos) sobre o debate local acerca da identidade Igbo. Argumentarei que a cultura Igbo tradicional e não cristã foi definida por e em resposta aos debates da missão cristã sobre a conversão e o comportamento dos cristãos Igbos. Depois disso, vou relatar como a identidade Igbo veio a coincidir com o cristianismo e como isso resultou em uma apreciação renovada da religião "tradicional" local como herança e não como "paganismo". Além da literatura mencionada na bibliografia, esta interpretação é baseada em entrevistas que realizei na Nigéria, jornais nigerianos locais, revistas missionárias e correspondência original dos missionários da Church Missionary Society (CMS).Palavras-chave:  Religião. Patrimônio. NigériaRELIGION AS HERITAGE IN NIGERIA: Igbo Christians and African traditional religion  Abstract:  Starting from a historical perspective, considering the arrival of the first Anglican missionaries in the mid-nineteenth century among the Igbo in Nigeria, I will address the impact of mission Christianity (including missionaries, converts, and prospective converts) upon the local debate about Igbo identity. I will argue that traditional, non-Christian Igbo culture was defined by, and in response to, the mission Christianity”™s debates on conversion and the preferred behavior of Igbo Christians. Finally, I will relate how Igbo identity came to coincide with Christianity and how this resulted in a renewed appreciation of local, ”˜traditional”™ religion as heritage rather than as ”˜paganism”™. Apart from the literature mentioned in the bibliography, this interpretation is based on interviews I held in Nigeria, local Nigerian newspapers, missionary journals, and original correspondence from the missionaries of the Church Missionary Society (CMS).Keywords:  Religion. Heritage. Nigeria.  RELIGIÓN COMO HERENCIA EN NIGERIA: Cristianos Igbos y Religión Tradicional africanaResumen:  A partir de una perspectiva histórica, considerando la llegada de los primeros misioneros anglicanos, a mediados del siglo XIX, entre los Igbos, en Nigeria, enfocaré el impacto del cristianismo (incluyendo misioneros y convertidos) sobre el debate local acerca de la identidad Igbo. Argumentaré que la cultura Igbo tradicional y no cristiana fue definida por y en respuesta a los debates de la misión cristiana sobre la conversión y el comportamiento de los cristianos Igbos. Después de eso, voy a relatar cómo la identidad Igbo vino a coincidir con el cristianismo y cómo resultó en una apreciación renovada de la religión "tradicional" local como herencia y no como "paganismo". Además de la literatura mencionada en la bibliografá­a, esta interpretación se basa en entrevistas que realicé en Nigeria, periódicos nigerianos locales, revistas misioneras y correspondencia original de los misioneros de la Church Missionary Society (CMS).  Palabras clave:  Religión. Herencia. Nigeria.


2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Molina Jiménez

En este artículo, se analiza en qué medida el ateísmo y el descreimiento se habían extendido en la ciudad de San José (Costa Rica) a inicios del siglo XX entre distintas categorías ocupacionales. Este fenómeno es considerado en el marco de la expansión de la alfabetización popular y de los esfuerzos de intelectuales liberales y radicales por secularizar la enseñanza, proceso fuertemente combatido por la Iglesia católica. Abstract This article analyzes to what extent atheism and disbelief were extended among the people from different occupations in the city of San José (Costa Rica) at the beginning of the twentieth century. This process was part of the expansion of popular literacy and the efforts of the liberal and radical intellectuals to secularize education, which was highly opposed by the Catholic Church. Palabras clave: Ateísmo. Descreimiento. Religión católica. Costa Rica. Keywords: Atheism. Disbelief. Catholic religion. Costa Rica.


Author(s):  
Vernor Arguedas

<p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'; font-size: x-small;">Resumen:</span> </strong><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Georg Cantor es uno de los más distinguidos matemáticos de mediados del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX, en este artículo tocamos algunos aspectos de su vida y su quehacer matemático.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'; font-size: x-small;"><strong>Palabras clave: </strong></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> Cantor, teoría de conjuntos, infinito, números transfinitos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'; font-size: x-small;"><strong>Abstract:</strong> </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> Georg Cantor is one of the most distinguished mathematicians of the mid-nineteenth century and early twentieth century. This article refers to some aspects of his life and his mathematical work<br /></span></p><p><strong><span style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype'; font-size: x-small;">KeyWords:</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></strong><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Cantor, set theory, infinite, transfinite numbers.</span></p>


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