scholarly journals Asphyxie Perinatale Au Service De Neonatologie De L’hopital De La Paix De Ziguinchor (Senegal)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Thiam L. ◽  
Dramé A. ◽  
Coly IZ. ◽  
Diouf FN. ◽  
Sylla A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Maternal Infection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is one of the reasons for the transfer of the newborn to neonatal resuscitation services. The objective of this work was to study the epidemiological, obstetrical, clinical and evolutionary aspects of PA at the Ziguinchor Peace Hospital. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study of cases of hospitalized HAs during the period 1 December 2015 to 31 May 2017. The diagnosis of PA was based on an anomaly of the rhythm Fetal heart rate and / or amniotic fluid abnormality; A score of Apgar <7 at the 5th minute and / or the absence of an immediate cry at birth. We collected epidemiological, obstetric, clinical and evolutionary data. Results: We collected 153 cases of PA (90 boys and 63 girls) among 742 newborns, an incidence of 20.6% of neonatal hospitalizations. The mean age of mothers was 17.2 years; 82.0% of mothers were between 18 and 35 years of age and half (50.3%) had four or more NPCs. Anemia (37.0%), maternal infection (36.4%), hypertension (30.9%), premature rupture of membranes (RPM) (28.6%), eclampsia and Preeclampsia (9.9%) were the main obstetric complications. The delivery was performed by Caesarean section in 52.3% of cases and by low procedure in 47.7% of cases. The term of birth was between 37 and 41 SA in 53.3% of the cases. The amniotic fluid (LA) was tinted in 55.7% of the cases and meconium in 12.3%. At the 5th minute, 42.6% of the infants had an Apgar score <7. One hundred percent of the children (n = 153) had been aspirated at birth and 24.8% (n = 38) had been ventilated To the mask. One hundred and twenty-three patients (80.3%) had anoxo-ischemic encephalopathy, of which 95 (77.2%) were in stage 1; 27 (22.0%) were in stage 2 and 1 (0.8%) was in stage 3 of the Sarnat classification. The main neurological signs were the anomalies of archaic reflexes (64.2%); Tone disorders (57.7%); Disorders of consciousness (22.8%); Convulsions (21.9%). The case fatality rate was 10.4% (16 deaths). Deaths were significantly associated with low birth, MMP, mask ventilation, respiratory distress, and convulsion. Conclusion: PA accounts for 20.6% of neonatal hospitalizations at the Ziguinchor Peace Hospital. Its lethality is 10.4%. It is associated with high morbidity.

scholarly journals Study of cord blood nucleated RBC’s as a marker for fetal asphyxia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Suvarna Jyothi Ganta ◽  
Sunanda R. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Hypoxic Episode ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Control Study

Background: Perinatal asphyxia is a serious problem globally and is a common cause of neonatal mortality and long term morbidity. Various Parameters are being used as predictors for birth asphyxia but the correlation between clinical presentation and the biochemical results has been unsatisfactory. NRBC count of the cord blood is reported in literature as a possible marker of perinatal asphyxia. In-utero hypoxic episode may induce a haemopoetic response of exaggerated erythropoiesis leading to the presence of nucleated RBC's in fetal circulation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether NRBC count of the cord blood can be a useful parameter to determine perinatal asphyxia.Methods: This prospective case control study was conducted in Chinmaya Mission hospital, Bangalore, India between July 2015 to June 2016.we have studied the NRBC counts from the cord blood of 50 neonates with perinatal asphyxia and 50 healthy neonates, thus comparing the results.Results: The mean NRBC /100 WBC for cases with birth asphyxia was 11.6 and that of the control group was 5.6. NRBC count was found to be significantly higher in neonates with low Apgar scores. There was correlation between the Apgar scores at 1st and at 5 minutes, the degree of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy and the NRBC counts.Conclusions: Therefore NRBC counts of the cord blood can be used as an effective tool to confirm perinatal asphyxia. It is a simple, quick, accurate and clinically effective test to diagnose and initiate treatment to prevent long term sequel of perinatal asphyxia.

Approach to Infants Born Through Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid: Evolution Based on Evidence?

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (09) ◽  
pp. 815-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma Nangia ◽  
Praveen Chandrasekharan ◽  
Satyan Lakshminrusimha ◽  
Munmun Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

AbstractMeconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) during delivery is a marker of fetal stress. Neonates born through MSAF often need resuscitation and are at risk of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), air leaks, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and death. The neonatal resuscitation approach to MSAF has evolved over the last three decades. Previously, nonvigorous neonates soon after delivery were suctioned under the vocal cords with direct visualization technique using a meconium aspirator. The recent neonatal resuscitation program (NRP) recommends against suctioning but favors resuscitation with positive pressure ventilation of nonvigorous neonates with MSAF. This recommendation is aimed to prevent delay in resuscitation and minimize hypoxia-ischemia often associated with MSAF. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology, evolution and the evidence, randomized control trials, observational studies, and translational research to support these recommendations. The frequency of ECMO use for neonatal respiratory indication of MAS has declined over the years probably secondary to improvements in neonatal intensive care and reduction of postmaturity. Changes in resuscitation practices may have contributed to reduced incidence and severity of MAS. Larger randomized controlled studies are needed among nonvigorous infants with MSAF. However, ethical dilemmas and loss of equipoise pose a challenge to conduct such studies.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Dengue Fever in Children: A Study from Southern Odisha, India

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhankar Mishra ◽  
Ramya Ramanathan ◽  
Sunil Kumar Agarwalla
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
The Mean

Background. In India, dengue epidemics are becoming more frequent (WHO, 2008). The majority of dengue viral infections are self-limiting, but complications may cause high morbidity and mortality.Objectives. To assess the clinical profile of the dengue infection in children less than 14 years of age and to evaluate the outcomes of dengue fever from September 2013 to August 2015 at the Pediatric Department of Maharaja Krishna Chandra Gajapati Medical College, the largest tertiary care hospital of southern Odisha.Results. A total of 97 cases were classified into 84 (86.59%) nonsevere and 13 (13.40%) severe dengue cases. The most common age of presentation was above 11 yrs. The mean age of admission was 8.7 yrs. The most common presenting symptom was fever seen in 100% and hepatomegaly (43.8%), the most common physical finding. Gastrointestinal bleeding was markedly seen in severe dengue (76.9%). Elevation in aspartate transaminase (SGOT) was found in 47.42% and thrombocytopenia in 27.5%. The correlation between hepatomegaly and elevated SGOT was significant (Pvalue 0.0346). Case fatality rate (CFR) was 1.03%. The mean duration of hospitalisation was 3.8 days.Conclusion. In children, if symptoms like fever, pain, rashes, and vomiting are associated with hepatomegaly and elevated SGOT in context of low TPC, a strong possibility of dengue fever is present, especially in an epidemic setting. Early suspicion and effective management can reduce the severity.

scholarly journals Mode of delivery and fetal outcome in meconium stained amniotic fluid in DMCH

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazilatun Nesa ◽  
Fahmida Chowdhury ◽  
BH Nazma Yasmeen ◽  
Shabnam Rahman ◽  
Nasreen Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

Background : Meconium is a dark greenish mass of desquamated cells, mucus, and bile that accumulates in the bowel of a fetus and is typically discharged shortly after birth. Meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) has long been considered to be a bad predictor of fetal outcome.Objective : The aim of this study was to determine if the perinatal outcome is affected by mode of delivery in meconium-stained amniotic fluid.Methodology : This ovservational study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2016 to June 2017. A total of 204 women who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken for the study. The study group comprised of 102 women admitted in labour and having meconium stained amniotic fluid and 102 women in labour but having clear amniotic fluid were taken as comparision group.Results : The mean age was found 26.6±5.9 years in MSAF group and 26.2±5.0 years in clear liquor group. The mean gestational age was found 38.9±1.8 weeks in MSAF group and 38.5±1.3 weeks in clear liquor group. Risk factors were not statistically significant (p>0.05) between two groups. Forty-one (40.2%) patients had caesarian section in MSAF group and 19(18.6%) in clear liquor group. APGAR score at 1 minute and at 5 minute were statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. About 100(98.0%) babies were alive in MSAF group and 101(99.0%) in clear liquor group.Conclusion : Meconium stained amniotic fluid group was associated with higher rate of cesarean delivery, increased need for neonatal resuscitation, increased rate of PIH, pre-eclamsia, Oligohydramnios, IUGR, Post dated pregnancy, Rh incompatibility, GDM and long time hospital stay and hospital mortality.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.9(2) Jan 2018: 304-307

scholarly journals Recém-nascidos em líquido amniótico meconial: variáveis e intervenções

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (33) ◽  
pp. 128-138
Author(s):  
Lilia Cristina Pantoja de Araújo ◽  
Angeline Do Nascimento Parente ◽  
Ruan Matheus Silva de Freitas ◽  
Andressa Tavares Parente ◽  
Rosângela Santana Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome ◽  
Meconium Aspiration ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

A asfixia perinatal, causada pela Síndrome de Aspiração Meconial, é uma das principais causas de mortalidade neonatal precoce em recém-nascidos de baixo risco e sem anomalias congênitas. O objetivo da pesquisa foi definir o perfil e a ocorrência de reanimação neonatal de recém-nascidos em Líquido Amniótico Meconial de uma maternidade de referência materno infantil. Estudo quantitativo, retrospectivo documental realizado com 47 prontuários de recém-nascido selecionados mediante a presença de Líquido Amniótico Meconial ao nascimento. Na amostra: 55,3% a termo; 51,5% do sexo masculino; 55,3% via parto cesáreo; 48,9% com peso adequado para a idade gestacional; 78,7% não precisou de Aspiração sob Visualização Direta da Traqueia. Índice de Apgar menor que 7 pontos no primeiro minuto de vida foram 93,6 %, mas com melhora no quinto minuto de vida. Observa-se a importância de conhecer o perfil destes neonatos para proporcionar um atendimento qualificado.Descritores: Líquido Amniótico, Mecônio, Recém-Nascido. Neonates born through meconium stained amniotic fluid: variables and interventionsAbstract: Perinatal asphyxia, caused by Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS), is one of the main causes of early neonatal mortality in low risk newborns and without congenital abnomalities. The goal of this research was to define the profile and the occurrence of neonatal resuscitation of neonates born on Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid (MSAF) in a maternal hospital child care reference. This is a quantitative, retrospective documentary study performed based in 47 medical records of newborns selected through the presence of Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid (MSAF) at the birth. In the specimen it was found that: 55.3% were born at term; 51.5% were male; 55.3% by way of cesarean; 48.9% with adequate weight for gestational age (AGA); 78.7% did not need aspiration under Direct Tracheal Visualization. It was identified that 93.6% had an Apgar score less than 7 points in the first minute of life, but with improvement in the fifth minute of life. It is noted the importance of knowing the profile of these newborns to provide qualified care.Descriptors: Amniotic Fluid, Meconium, Newborn. Recién nacido en líquido amniotico meconial: variables e intervencionesResumen: La asfixia perinatal, causada por el Síndrome de Aspiración Meconial, es una de las principales causas de mortalidad neonatal temprana en recién nacidos de bajo riesgo y sin anomalías congénitas. El objetivo de la investigación fue definir el perfil y la ocurrencia de la reanimación neonatal de recién nacidos en líquido amniótico meconial en un hospital de maternidad de referencia materno-infantil. Estudio cuantitativo, retrospectivo documental realizado con 47 registros médicos de recién nacidos seleccionados mediante la presencia de líquido amniótico meconial al nacer. En la muestra: 55,3% a término; 51.5% eran de género masculino; 55.3% por cesárea; 48,9% con peso adecuado para la edad gestacional; 78.7% no necesitaron aspiración mediante visualización directa de las traqueas. 93,6% presentaron puntuación de Apgar inferior a 7 puntos en el primer minuto de vida, pero con una mejora en el quinto minuto de vida. Se destaca la importancia de conocer el perfil de estos recién nacidos para proporcionar atención calificada.Descriptores: Líquido amniótico, Meconio, Recién Nacido.

scholarly journals Correlation of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Stages with Clinical Variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Manchala Chandra Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Clinical Scoring ◽  
Meconium Staining ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Background: Injury to the CNS related with perinatal asphyxia is referred to as Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy which is the utmost severe neurological condition that arises in perinatal periods. The aim is to assess clinical variables with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy stages. Subjects and Methods: A clinical study of 42 new borns asphyxiated were assessed clinically of these asphyxiated neonates was carried out using Sarnath and Sarnath Staging of HIE. The association between asphyxia at birth and HIE has been examined. Results: In the present study, maternal history, gestational age, and mode of delivery were found to be not significant and do not correlate with the severity of HIE. Sarnath and Sarnath clinical scoring for neurobehavioral signs and symptoms 13 (31%) had reveal of HIE stage -1, 14 (33%) are of stage -2 and severe HIE (HIE-III) common, seen in 15cases (36%). The correlation of non-stress test (NST), Meconium staining was more in stage-3 in HIE stages and statistically significant. Conclusion: During the diagnosis and treatment of HIE patients, analysis of clinical variables will improve the objectivity of newborn assessment and evaluation and early start of care.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective body hypothermia among newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: three-year experience in a tertiary university hospital. A retrospective observational study

2014 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Magalhães ◽  
Francisco Paulo Martins Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Renata Tollio Chopard ◽  
Victoria Catarina de Albuquerque Melo ◽  
Amanda Melhado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Severe Arrhythmia ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown that therapeutic hypothermia decreases neurological sequelae and death. Our aim was therefore to report on a three-year experience of therapeutic hypothermia among asphyxiated newborns.DESIGN AND SETTING:Retrospective study, conducted in a university hospital.METHODS:Thirty-five patients with perinatal asphyxia undergoing body cooling between May 2009 and November 2012 were evaluated.RESULTS:Thirty-nine infants fulfilled the hypothermia protocol criteria. Four newborns were removed from study due to refractory septic shock, non-maintenance of temperature and severe coagulopathy. The median Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes were 2 and 5. The main complication was infection, diagnosed in seven mothers (20%) and 14 newborns (40%). Convulsions occurred in 15 infants (43%). Thirty-one patients (88.6%) required mechanical ventilation and 14 of them (45%) were extubated within 24 hours. The duration of mechanical ventilation among the others was 7.7 days. The cooling protocol was started 1.8 hours after birth. All patients showed elevated levels of creatine phosphokinase, creatine phosphokinase- MB and lactate dehydrogenase. There was no severe arrhythmia; one newborn (2.9%) presented controlled coagulopathy. Four patients (11.4%) presented controlled hypotension. Twenty-nine patients (82.9%) underwent cerebral ultrasonography and 10 of them (34.5%) presented white matter hyper-echogenicity. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 33 infants (94.3%) and 11 of them (33.3%) presented hypoxic-ischemic changes. The hospital stay was 23 days. All newborns were discharged. Two patients (5.8%) needed gastrostomy.CONCLUSION:Hypothermia as therapy for asphyxiated newborns was shown to be safe.

scholarly journals Clinical hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy score of the Iberoamerican Society of Neonatology (Siben): A new proposal for diagnosis and management

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Maria Rodriguez Perez ◽  
◽  
Sergio G. Golombek ◽  
Augusto Sola ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Diagnostic Score ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Neurologic Sequelae ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Summary Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is a major complication of perinatal asphyxia, with high morbidity, mortality and neurologic sequelae as cerebral palsy, mostly in poor or developing countries. The difficulty in the diagnosis and management of newborns in these countries is astonishing, thus resulting in unreliable data on this pathology and bad outcomes regarding mortality and incidence of neurologic sequelae. The objective of this article is to present a new clinical diagnostic score to be started in the delivery room and to guide the therapeutic approach, in order to improve these results.

scholarly journals A Metabolomic Approach in Search of Neurobiomarkers of Perinatal Asphyxia: A Review of the Current Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Julie Debuf ◽  
Katherine Carkeek ◽  
Fiammetta Piersigilli
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Severity Levels ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Metabolomic Approach

Perinatal asphyxia and the possible sequelae of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The use of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) commencing within the first 6 h of life—currently the only treatment validated for the management of HIE—has been proven to reduce the mortality rate and disability seen at follow up at 18 months. Although there have been attempts to identify neurobiomarkers assessing the severity levels in HIE; none have been validated in clinical use to date, and the lack thereof limits the optimal treatment for these vulnerable infants. Metabolomics is a promising field of the “omics technologies” that may: identify neurobiomarkers, help improve diagnosis, identify patients prone to developing HIE, and potentially improve targeted neuroprotection interventions. This review focuses on the current evidence of metabolomics, a novel tool which may prove to be a useful in the diagnosis, management and treatment options for this multifactorial complex disease. Some of the most promising metabolites analyzed are the group of acylcarnitines: Hydroxybutyrylcarnitine (Malonylcarnitine) [C3-DC (C4-OH)], Tetradecanoylcarnitine [C14], L-Palmitoylcarnitine [C16], Hexadecenoylcarnitine [C16:1], Stearoylcarnitine [C18], and Oleoylcarnitine [C18:1]. A metabolomic “fingerprint” or “index,” made up of 4 metabolites (succinate × glycerol/(β-hydroxybutyrate × O-phosphocholine)), seems promising in identifying neonates at risk of developing severe HIE.

Sonographic Assessment of Amniotic Fluid Volume using Single Deepest Pocket (SDP) among Igbo Women with Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancies.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Chijioke Okeudo ◽  
B.U. Ezem
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: The amniotic fluid is fundamental for proper fetal development and growth. Ultrasound visualization of the amniotic fluid permits both subjective and objective estimates of the amniotic fluid. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the reference values of normal single deepest pocket (SDP) – upper and lower limits, mean SDP and variation of the SDP with gestational age among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria extraction carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancy. Methodology: This was a prospective cross sectional study involving 400 women carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and who were sure of the date of the first day of their last menstrual period. The single deepest pocket / maximum vertical pool were determined once at presentation at the hospital.. The study was conducted from January 1st to December 31st 2015. The second author carried out all the scanning. The SDP was obtained. Results: The womens’ mean and median ages were the same at 28 years. The gestational age range of the pregnancies was 14-41 weeks. The mean SDP was 5.8cm, while the 5th and 95th percentiles were 3.3cm and 8.5cm respectively. There was no difference in the mean SDP in both term and preterm. There was irregular but continuous rise of mean SDP to a peak of 6.8cm at gestational age of 39 weeks. In conclusion, the participants had a mean SDP of 5.8cm. There was also a positive correlation between SDP and Gestational age. We therefore recommend a longitudinal study to assess perinatal outcome and abnormal amniotic fluid volume among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria. Key words: Single Deepest Pocket, Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancy, Igbo Women.

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