scholarly journals Dividendes En Présence Des Imperfections Du Marché

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Riad Lamyaa ◽  
Touili Karima
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Information ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Agency Costs ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Market Imperfections ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

The topic of the company's dividend policy has captured the interest of economists and over the last five decades has been the subject of several theoretical and empirical studies. Economists have proposed a number of theories to explain the dividend puzzle. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of market imperfections (asymmetric information, agency costs and the impact of taxation) on corporate dividend policy. While briefly presenting the main theories of dividend policy and summarizing the empirical evidence on these theories. The paper reaches at a conclusion that the famous dividend puzzle is still unresolved. The empirical evidence is ambiguous and the search for a new explanation of dividends is continuing.

scholarly journals Code to Learn: Where Does It Belong in the K-12 Curriculum?

10.28945/3521 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 283-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Moreno León ◽  
Gregorio Robles ◽  
Marcos Román-González
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Early Age ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Subject ◽  
K 12 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grade Classroom

The introduction of computer programming in K-12 has become mainstream in the last years, as countries around the world are making coding part of their curriculum. Nevertheless, there is a lack of empirical studies that investigate how learning to program at an early age affects other school subjects. In this regard, this paper compares three quasi-experimental research designs conducted in three different schools (n=129 students from 2nd and 6th grade), in order to assess the impact of introducing programming with Scratch at different stages and in several subjects. While both 6th grade experimental groups working with coding activities showed a statistically significant improvement in terms of academic performance, this was not the case in the 2nd grade classroom. Notable disparity was also found regarding the subject in which the programming activities were included, as in social studies the effect size was double that in mathematics.

Development of a Theoretical Construct for Risk and Vulnerability From Six Empirical Studies

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne M. Leffers ◽  
Diane C. Martins ◽  
Margaret M. McGrath ◽  
Deborah Godfrey Brown ◽  
Judith Mercer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Construct ◽  
Collaborative Effort ◽  
Research Setting ◽  
Nursing Knowledge ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Nursing Literature

The concepts of risk and vulnerability are frequently the subject of nursing scholarship but lack semantic and conceptual clarity in the nursing literature. Using empirical evidence from 6 research studies, the authors define the concepts of risk and vulnerability, apply shared definitions to each of the study populations, and discuss 3 types of responses to risk observed in the research setting. This collaborative effort by nursing scholars advances conceptual clarity of risk and vulnerability for the development of nursing knowledge. Further, the examination of risk responses has the potential to link the various perspectives of risk and vulnerability common in nursing and generate nursing practice implications explored in this review.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Corporate Dividend Policy in Poland

Ekonomika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-110
Author(s):  
Justyna Rój
Keyword(s):  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Investment Opportunities ◽  
Warsaw Stock Exchange ◽  
The Impact

[full article and abstract in English] The purpose of this research is to examine the factors that determine the dividend policy of non-financial firms listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) in Poland and that of the annually paid dividends. Up to now, many empirical studies related to dividend policy were carried out, showing the differentiation of factors affecting the dividend policy and their interaction. Thus, with this study, it would be possible to give a view on the dividend policy of corporations listed on the WSE for the period from 2008 to 2016. The study covers non-financial companies listed on the WSE in Poland. The Tobit regression is used to identify the impact of factors influencing the companies’ distribution of dividends. The variables that may explain a firm’s dividend decision and that were used in this study are selected based on the theory and available empirical researches and then also determined by data availability. These are profitability, investment opportunities, measures of size, leverage, and liquidity. As a result of this study, the factors that determine the dividend policy of companies were verified in the context of the companies listed on the WSE. Moreover, it indicates which of the existing theories on dividend policy could be applied to the capital markets of Poland. Thus, it provides new insights into the theory of dividend policy.

Trade Unions, Economic Growth and Politics

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-384
Author(s):  
Ignace Ng ◽  
John McCallum
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Union Density ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Even though identifying the causes of economic growth has been the subject of numerous empirical studies, little is known about the impact of inter-country variations in unionization on differences in economic growth between countries. To fill this apparent gap in the literature, the primary objective of this paper is to examine the influence of trade unions on economic growth in seventeen oECD countries from 1960 to 1979. The results show that the nature of the relationship between trade unions and economic growth depends upon the ideology of the government in power. Under 'non-socialist' governments, increased union density reduces economic growth, whereas under `socialist' governments, a higher level of unionization increases economic growth. This, in turn, implies that governments can have an influence on whether trade unions are growth-inhibiting or growth-promoting. However, because of the limitations in the sample used, additional studies are needed before a consensus can be reached on this issue.

Microfinance intermediation: regulation of financial NGOs in Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Anku-Tsede
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Prudential Regulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Regulatory Impact ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This study aims to seek to fill a gap in regulatory impact assessment in developing countries by presenting an analysis of how formal regulation impact on the efficiency and productivity of financial non-governmental organisations (FNGOs) in Ghana. Much has been written about the formal financial sector, but very little is known about the lower end of microfinance and the impact of formal prudential regulation on FNGOs providing microfinance services. The Bank of Ghana (BOG), nevertheless, in the year 2011, extended formal prudential regulation to FNGOs without any empirical basis. This study uses regulatory theories and empirical evidence to aid in the evaluation of whether formal prudential regulation is appropriate for FNGOs operating within the microfinance sector. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical evidence derived from FNGOs, regulatory agents, consumers and financial lawyers within the Greater Accra and Ashanti Regions of Ghana served as the basis of the analysis in this study. Descriptive statistics, frequency counts and percentage scores, were used to analyse the data collected. Findings – The existing structures of FNGOs in Ghana are unsuitable for formal prudential regulation. The BOG does not have adequate staffing and funding to supervise and monitor the microfinance activities of FNGOs. Formal prudential regulation could impede growth and efficient delivery of microfinance services. Research limitations/implications – The BOG is the only regulatory agency responsible for regulating the financial market in Ghana, thus access to officers with knowledge in the regulatory regime was very limited. Practical implications – The study revealed in depth information about FNGOs, microfinance and the impact of formal prudential regulation on FNGOs. Originality/value – The study is the first to use empirical studies and theories of regulation to assess the impact of extending formal prudential regulation to FNGOs in Ghana. Data from the regulator, the regulated and consumers, the key players in any regulatory process, served as the basis of the analysis in the study resulting in the unravelling of in-depth information on the regulation of FNGOs.

Competence and Drug Use: Theoretical Frameworks, Empirical Evidence and Measurement

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Strachan Lindenberg ◽  
Rosa Solorzano ◽  
Maureen Kelley ◽  
Vicki Darrow ◽  
Sylvia C. Gendrop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
The Impact

Statistics show that use of harmful substances (alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, cocaine) among women of childbearing age is widespread and serious. Numerous theoretical models and empirical studies have attempted to explain the complex factors that lead individuals to use drugs. The Social Stress Model of Substance Abuse [1] is one model developed to explain parameters that influence drug use. According to the model, the likelihood of an individual engaging in drug use is seen as a function of the stress level and the extent to which it is offset by stress modifiers such as social networks, social competencies, and resources. The variables of the denominator are viewed as interacting with each other to buffer the impact of stress [1]. This article focuses on one of the constructs in this model: that of competence. It presents a summary of theoretical and conceptual formulations for the construct of competence, a review of empirical evidence for the association of competence with drug use, and describes the preliminary development of a multi-scale instrument designed to assess drug protective competence among low-income Hispanic childbearing women. Based upon theoretical and empirical studies, eight domains of drug protective competence were identified and conceptually defined. Using subscales from existing instruments with psychometric evidence for their validity and reliability, a multi-scale instrument was developed to assess drug protective competence. Hypothesis testing was used to assess construct validity. Four drug protective competence domains (social influence, sociability, self-worth, and control/responsibility) were found to be statistically associated with drug use behaviors. Although not statistically significant, expected trends were observed between drug use and the other four domains of drug protective competence (intimacy, nurturance, goal directedness, and spiritual directedness). Study limitations and suggestions for further psychometric testing of the instrument are described.

scholarly journals How formal institutional antecedents affect Tunisian venture creation decision scripts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Haj brahim ◽  
Salim Morched ◽  
Younes Boujelbene
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurs ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Decision Stage ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneur ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to reveal the impact of three Tunisian formal institutional systems on their venture creation decision through the study of entrepreneurial scripts of Tunisians nascent entrepreneur post-revolution phase. The method adopted in this study is the cognitive map. This research enriches entrepreneurial process literature by examining a finer-grained linkage between the degree of the development of Tunisian formal institutional systems and the level of expertise in the decision stage as an early process of venture creation. To do this, the cognitive approach is adopted by using the structural analysis method as a tool for structuring ideas and collective reflections. In the field of entrepreneurship, the mentioned approach has been the subject of few empirical studies. This leads to a better understanding of individual’s cognitive universe (actors, coaches, managers, entrepreneurs, etc.). It is important in the context of this study to identify and analyze the influence of formal institutional antecedents on the cognition of Tunisian nascent entrepreneurs and consequently on their decision. Experiments done on 120 born entrepreneurs incubating in the nurseries allowed to present, in the form of a collective map, the formal institutional antecedents that seem to affect their decisions to become entrepreneurs through their NVCD scripts.

scholarly journals The Role Of Board Characteristics In Mitigating Management Opportunism: The Case Of Real Earnings Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorra Talbi ◽  
Mohamed Ali Omri ◽  
Khaled Guesmi ◽  
Zied Ftiti
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Board Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

<p>This study seeks to provide empirical evidence of the efficacy of board characteristics in constraining management opportunism, measured by real earnings management. The paper uses regression analysis to document empirical evidence regarding the impact of the independence of boards of directors and the independence of committees on real earnings management in 7,481 US firms over the period 2000 to 2009. This study contributes to empirical studies on the role of corporate governance in financial reporting quality by demonstrating the role of the independence of boards of directors and the independence of committees in constraining real earnings management. These results should contribute to providing an orientation for future regulators regarding possible amendments, especially in the wake of the current financial crisis.</p>

scholarly journals Empirical Evidence from the Indonesian Stock Exchange: The Impact of Dividend Policy Decisions on Sharia Share Prices

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-267
Author(s):  
Abdul Kadir MS ◽  
Burhannudin Burhannudin ◽  
Khuzaini Khuzaini ◽  
Bustani Bustani
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Policy Decisions ◽  
Share Prices ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to obtain empirical evidence of the impact of dividend policy decisions on sharia share prices. An exploratory investigation on 26 selected firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange's Jakarta Islamic Index with the criteria of reporting complete financial statements for the 2014-2018 period. The secondary data were examined with 130 data and then processed using SPSS 23 packages, which were then included in the analysis using standard regression. The investigation's findings provide empirical evidence that dividend policy decisions have a significant effect on sharia share prices. This study provides a theoretical contribution to a limited study that explores dividend policy with Islamic share prices in the context of the stock exchange. In practice, this research provides significant insight regarding the dividend policy that the company decides to increase the effectiveness of financial management in the context of a company that is considered to have sharia shares on the stock exchange, considering that the company's business success can increase the economic growth of a country.

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