Application of bidirectional isolated converters in a traction drive

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
T. S. Titova ◽  
◽  
M. V. Evstaf’yeva ◽  
M. Yu. Izvarin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Duty Factor ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Traction Drive ◽  
Bidirectional Converter ◽  
Electric Rolling Stock

Objective: Analysis of the operation of a bidirectional isolated converter for a direct-current traction drive of electric rolling stock under various load conditions. Methods: Mathematical modeling was applied for the research. The results are presented in the form of mathematical relationships and graphs of currents and voltages. Results: The relationship between the output voltage and the duty factor of a bidirectional isolated converter has been revealed. The converters operation is considered at six characteristic intervals of a full cycle with the following initial conditions: i(t0) < 0, i(t0) = 0, i(t0) > 0. The main dependences of the current in the inductance, the input and output voltage, the shape of the voltage and current curves for different operation modes of a bidirectional converter are given. The duty factor is determined to obtain the maximum output power of the bidirectional converter. Practical importance: The proposed bidirectional isolated converter scheme makes it possible to implement traction and regenerative braking modes for a traction drive of a DC electric rolling stock. The simulation results show that with significant changes in load the system retains the specified characteristics, provides speed

scholarly journals FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION OF MEMS PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY SCAVENGER BASED ON PZT THIN FILM

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Aliza Aini Md Ralib ◽  
Nur Wafa Asyiqin Zulfakher ◽  
Rosminazuin Ab Rahim ◽  
Nor Farahidah Za'bah ◽  
Noor Hazrin Hany Mohamad Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
The World

Vibration energy harvesting has been progressively developed in the advancement of technology and widely used by a lot of researchers around the world. There is a very high demand for energy scavenging around the world due to it being cheaper in price, possibly miniaturized within a system, long lasting, and environmentally friendly. The conventional battery is hazardous to the environment and has a shorter operating lifespan. Therefore, ambient vibration energy serves as an alternative that can replace the battery because it can be integrated and compatible to micro-electromechanical systems. This paper presents the design and analysis of a MEMS piezoelectric energy harvester, which is a vibration energy harvesting type. The energy harvester was formed using Lead Zicronate Titanate (PZT-5A) as the piezoelectric thin film, silicon as the substrate layer and structural steel as the electrode layer. The resonance frequency will provide the maximum output power, maximum output voltage and maximum displacement of vibration. The operating mode also plays an important role to generate larger output voltage with less displacement of cantilever. Some designs also have been studied by varying height and length of piezoelectric materials. Hence, this project will demonstrate the simulation of a MEMS piezoelectric device for a low power electronic performance. Simulation results show PZT-5A piezoelectric energy with a length of 31 mm and height of 0.16 mm generates maximum output voltage of 7.435 V and maximum output power of 2.30 mW at the resonance frequency of 40 Hz. ABSTRAK: Penuaian tenaga getaran telah berkembang secara pesat dalam kemajuan teknologi dan telah digunakan secara meluas oleh ramai penyelidik di seluruh dunia. Terdapat permintaan yang sangat tinggi di seluruh dunia terhadap penuaian tenaga kerana harganya yang lebih murah, bersaiz kecil dalam satu sistem, tahan lama dan mesra alam. Manakala, bateri konvensional adalah berbahaya bagi alam sekitar dan mempunyai jangka hayat yang lebih pendek. Oleh itu, getaran tenaga dari persekitaran lebih sesuai sebagai alternatif kepada bateri kerana ia mudah diintegrasikan dan serasi dengan sistem mikroelektromekanikal. Kertas kerja ini  membentangkan reka bentuk dan analisis tenaga piezoelektrik MEMS iaitu salah satu jenis penuaian tenaga getaran. Penuai tenaga ini dibentuk menggunakan Lead Zicronate Titanate (PZT-5A) sebagai lapisan filem tipis piezoelektrik, silikon sebagai lapisan substrat dan keluli struktur sebagai lapisan elektrod. Frekuensi resonans akan memberikan hasil tenaga maksima, voltan tenaga maksima dan getaran jarak maksima. Mod pengendalian juga memainkan peranan penting bagi menghasilkan tenaga yang lebih besar. Reka bentuk yang mempunyai ketinggian dan panjang berlainan juga telah diuji dengan menggunakan bahan piezoelektrik yang sama. Oleh itu, projek ini akan menghasilkan simulasi piezoelektrik MEMS yang sesuai digunakan bagi alat elektronik berkuasa rendah. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan dengan panjang 31 mm dan ketinggian 0.16 mm, piezoelektrik PZT ini menghasilkan voltan maksima sebanyak 7.435 V dan tenaga output maksima 2.30 mW pada frekuensi resonans 40 Hz.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting from Vortex-Induced Vibrations and Wake-Induced Vibrations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Junlei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Vortex Induced Vibrations ◽  
Flow Induced Vibrations ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Output Characteristics

A rigid circular cylinder with two piezoelectric beams attached on has been tested through vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) and wake-induced vibrations (WIV) by installing a big cylinder fixed upstream, in order to study the influence of the different flow-induced vibrations (FIV) types. The VIV test shows that the output voltage increases with the increases of load resistance; an optimal load resistance exists for the maximum output power. The WIV test shows that the vibration of the small cylinder is controlled by the vortex frequency of the large one. There is an optimal gap of the cylinders that can obtain the maximum output voltage and power. For a same energy harvesting device, WIV has higher power generation capacity; then the piezoelectric output characteristics can be effectively improved.

scholarly journals Electromagnetic processes of charging of on-board supercapacitor storage system during the regenerative braking mode of DC electric rolling stock with series-wound DC motors

2018 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
Anatolii Nikitenko
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
Traction Motors ◽  
Electric Rolling Stock ◽  
Electromagnetic Processes ◽  
Multiple Unit ◽  
Experimental Researches

The paper is dedicated to the task of improving of regenerative braking of a DC train with the series-wound DC traction motors. It is proposed the schematic solution for the trains with DC motors, which is based on the storing of recovered energy by the on-board supercapacitor storage system and extending the speed range of regenerative braking. The scheme is described by expressions which allowed to build the time dependences of main values. In addition, the experimental researches with the multiple-unit train were performed to find initial data for calculations and verification the results. The transient processes of charging are analyses for different cases of storage capacitances, residual voltages and initial speed of braking. It was proved, that the scheme allows to increase the value of recovered energy up to 40%, but its value strongly depends on the initial conditions and parameters of the system.

scholarly journals Output Voltage Analysis of Inductive Wireless Power Ttransfer with Series LC and LLC Resonance Operations Depending on Coupling Condition

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 592 ◽  
Author(s):  
KangHyun Yi
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Voltage Gain ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Critical Coupling ◽  
Coupling Condition ◽  
Load Variation ◽  
Receiving Coil

This paper analyzes the output voltage of an inductive wireless power transfer (WPT) depending on coupling conditions. When the optimum efficiency and maximum output power are obtained, it is called critical coupling, so the receiving coil and the transmitting coil should be separated by a certain distance. When the distance between the transmitting coil and receiving coil is very short, it is called over coupling, and output power decreases with the optimal operating state of the critical coupling condition. To design the entire circuit system for the inductive WPT depending on the coupling condition, it is beneficial to analyze the output voltage according to a load variation, an input voltage, and an operating frequency. Therefore, the output voltage depending on the coupling condition in the inductive WPT is analyzed in this paper. The output voltage gain in critical coupling condition is greater than one and is not affected by a load variation by a series LC resonant operation. The reduced output power in an over coupling condition can be recovered by a series LLC resonant operation. In addition, the output voltage gain is almost one and is affected by the load variation in the over coupling condition. A 5W prototype is implemented with the wireless power consortium standard coils and experimental results are shown to verify theoretical analysis and operation.

scholarly journals Implementasi MPPT Panel Surya Berbasis Algoritma Perturbasi & Observasi (PO) Menggunakan Arduino

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
Haris Masrepol ◽  
Muldi Yuhendri
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Power Point

Solar panels are a renewable energy power plant that uses sunlight as its main energy source. The power generated by solar panels are determined by the size of the solar panels, solar radiation and temperature. The power of the solar panels is also determined by the output voltage of the solar panels. To get the maximum output power at any time, it is necessary to adjust the output voltage of the solar panel. This study proposes controlling the maximum output power of solar panels, also known as maximum power point tracking (MPPT) by adjusting the output voltage of the solar panels using a buck converter. The buck converter output voltage regulation at the maximum power point of the solar panel is designed with the Perturbation and Observation (PO) algorithm which is implemented using an Arduino Mega 2560. This MPPT control system is applied to 4x50 Watt-Peak (WP) solar panels which are connected in parallel. The experimental results show that the proposed MPPT control system with the PO algorithm has worked well as expected. This can be seen from the output power generated by the solar panels already around the maximum power point at any change in solar radiation and temperature.

scholarly journals Self-Tuning High-Voltage and High-Frequency Sinusoidal Power Supply for Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Generation

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neretti ◽  
Ricco
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Barrier Discharge ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Barrier Discharge ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Dielectric Barrier ◽  
Self Tuning

In this paper a high-voltage sinusoidal power supply controlled by Arduino DUE micro-controller is described. This generator can feed a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) load with sinusoidal voltages up to 20 kV peak and frequencies in the range 10–60 kHz, with a maximum output power of 200 W. Output voltage can be produced either in a continuous mode, or with on/off modulation cycles, according to treatment/application requirements. This power source is equipped with on-board diagnostics used to measure the output voltage and the charge delivered to the load. With a sample frequency of 500 kHz, Arduino DUE allows to evaluate both the high voltage and the average power feeding the discharge without the use of an expensive external measurement setup. Lissajous techniques are utilized to calculate discharge average power in a quasi-real-time manner. When a load is connected to high-voltage terminals, a self-tuning procedure is carried out to obtain the best working frequency. This parameter allows to minimize power-electronic component stress and to maximize generator efficiency.

scholarly journals A Micro-Power Generator Based on Two Piezoelectric MFC Films

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Yongxin Ma ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Chong Li ◽  
Xiaorui Fu
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Piezoelectric Generator ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
Micro Power Generator

In order to realize the collection of micro or small vibration energy, a micro-power generator based on two piezoelectric Macro Fiber Composite (MFC) films is proposed. The piezoelectric generator consists of a double piezoelectric MFCs type vibrator and a displacement amplifying mechanism, which can achieve the output of high energy density. The design process of this kind of piezoelectric generator is presented. Based on LabVIEW platform and NI Data Acquisition (DAQ) card, the output voltage acquisition system of the generator is built, and the output voltage and power are collected and calculated. Experimental results show that the maximum output power is 6.2 mW under transient excitation. Under continuous excitation with a load resistance of 10 kΩ and an excitation frequency of 26 Hz, the maximum output of the generator is up to 11.9 mW. The research results lay a foundation for the application of the proposed micro-power piezoelectric generator.

scholarly journals Numerical optimization of the piezoelectric generators

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 2060016
Author(s):  
V. A. Chebanenko ◽  
I. V. Zhilyaev ◽  
A. N. Soloviev ◽  
A. V. Cherpakov ◽  
I. A. Parinov
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Numerical Optimization ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
The Finite Element Method

This paper presents the application of the Pareto-based multicriteria optimization technique to problems of increasing the efficiency of piezoelectric generators (PEGs). The optimization problem was solved for two types of generators: cantilever and stack. For the cantilever generator, the task was to optimize the design in such a way as to obtain the maximum output power for a given mechanical excitation. The optimization process was divided into several stages, which significantly reduced the amount of calculations. The task of optimizing the stack type for a given form of mechanical loading consisted in finding the geometric parameters of the generator at which the output voltage and power would be maximum. In the result of solving both problems, sets of geometric design parameters of PEGs were obtained, on the basis of which efficient transducers can be developed for specific operating conditions. It turned out that this technique is more suitable for optimizing the design of cantilever generators than for stack ones in given constraints. The solution of both problems was realized using the finite element method.

Dynamics of electric rolling stock

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Evstaf'ev ◽  
Mihail Izvarin ◽  
Aleksandr Maznev
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Traction Drive ◽  
Electric Rolling Stock ◽  
Spring Suspension ◽  
Railway Rolling Stock

The textbook describes the physical foundations, theory, principles of selection and calculation of the main parameters of spring suspension schemes, discusses the issues of fitting crews into curves, vertical dynamics of the traction drive, the use of coupling weight and vibrations of electric rolling stock. It is intended for the training of certified specialists in the direction of "Railway rolling stock".

Thermoelectric Power Devices Based on InN Thin Films

2006 ◽  
Vol 973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Matsumoto ◽  
Shigeo Yamaguchi ◽  
Atsushi Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Power Devices ◽  
Polyimide Films ◽  
Radio Frequency Sputtering

ABSTRACTWe have studied the temperature dependence of thermoelectric properties of amorphous InN thin films prepared by reactive radio-frequency sputtering. We fabricated 60-pair and 120-pair InN-chromel films, which were deposited on polyimide films. For the 120-pair device, the maximum open output voltage and the maximum output power were 210 mV and 65 nW, respectively, at temperature difference of 168 K.

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