scholarly journals The role of attainability and external focus of attention on standing long jump performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
Adam King ◽  
Max Power
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Force ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Maximum Distance ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
External Focus ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Posterior Direction ◽  
Individual Ability ◽  
The Individual

BACKGROUND: External focus of attention (FOA) promotes enhanced performance and learning in comparison to internal FOA; however, several dimensions associated with external FOA appear to have varying influence on motor skill performance. AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an attainability aspect of external FOA elicits enhanced standing long jump performance. METHOD: Fifteen healthy males performed standing long jumps in the following conditions: without a visual target (Tno), target placed at maximum distance (Tmax), and a target placed 10% beyond maximum distance (Tmax+10). Jump distances were measured, and kinetic data were recorded using a force platform. RESULTS: One-way ANOVA showed significantly greater jump distances for Tmax+10 compared to Tno and Tmax (p < 0.01). Additionally, the impulse of the ground reaction force (GRFimpulse) in the anterior-posterior direction was significantly greater for Tmax and Tmax+10 compared to Tno (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Thus, an external FOA tailored to individual ability benefits standing long jump performance. Overall, the findings support the approach of adopting an external FOA with an emphasis on targets that are specific to the individual and based on attainability.

Standing Long-Jump Performance is Enhanced when Using an External Focus of Attention

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1746-1750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared M Porter ◽  
Erik J Ostrowski ◽  
Russell P Nolan ◽  
Will F W Wu
Keyword(s):  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
External Focus ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump

Optimizing External Focus of Attention Instructions: The Role of Attainability

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Coker
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
External Focus ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Maximum Effort ◽  
Long Jump

This study examined the effect of individually tailoring an external focus reference point in line with ability on standing long jump (SLJ) performance. Twenty-one female Division III hockey players (ages 18–23 years) performed two SLJs under 4 attentional focus conditions: (a) no focus provided (control), (b) focused on rapid knee extension (internal); (c) focused on jumping as close as possible to a cone placed at 3 m (external far), and (d) focused on jumping as far as possible past a cone placed, unbeknownst to them, at the maximum distance achieved on their last SLJ test, recorded during team testing at an earlier date (attainable). Findings were consistent with the literataure in that instructions that induced an external versus internal focus of attention resulted in significantly longer jumping distances. In addition, horizontal displacement was significantly longer when participants adopted an external focus of attention toward an attainable distance goal versus all other conditions. Results suggest that for goal-oriented movements that require maximum effort, individualizing the distance of an external focus of attention according to capability enhances its effect.

Phase-Specific Force and Time Predictors of Standing Long Jump Distance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
John R. Harry ◽  
John Krzyszkowski ◽  
Luke D. Chowning ◽  
Kristof Kipp
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Strength Index ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Jump Distance ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Force Time

This study sought to identify potential predictors of standing long jump (SLJ) performance using force–time strategy metrics within the unloading, eccentric yielding, eccentric braking, and concentric phases. Fifteen National Collegiate Athletic Association division 1 male soccer players (19 [1] y, 1.81 [0.94] m, 80.3 [22.4] kg) performed 3 maximum-effort SLJs, while 3-dimensional ground reaction force (GRF) data were obtained. Regularized regression models were used to investigate associations between force–time strategy metrics and 2 metrics of SLJ performance (ie, jump distance and modified reactive strength index). Jump height and eccentric yielding time were the only predictors of jump distance that also demonstrated large correlations to jump distance. Anterior–posterior unloading yank, average concentric vertical force, and concentric phase duration were the only predictors of modified reactive strength index that also demonstrated large correlations to modified reactive strength index. To maximize SLJ distance in high-level soccer athletes, human performance practitioners could design interventions to drive changes in strategy to increase jump height and decrease eccentric yielding time. To improve SLJ explosiveness, interventions to drive changes in unloading and concentric force application and decrease concentric time could be emphasized. Importantly, unique variable combinations can be targeted when training for SLJ distance and explosiveness adaptations.

scholarly journals Short-Term FIFA 11+ Improves Agility and Jump Performance in Young Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebojša Trajković ◽  
Marko Gušić ◽  
Slavko Molnar ◽  
Draženka Mačak ◽  
Dejan M. Madić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump

Studies dealing with the effectiveness of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 11+ prevention program to improve performance outcomes in children aged < 14 years are limited. This study aimed to point out the effects of the application of short-term FIFA 11+ warm-up program on physical performance in young football players. Participants were 36 youth male football players, divided into a FIFA 11+ (n = 19; mean (SD) age: 11.15 (0.79) y) and a control group (CG: n = 17; age: 10.87 (0.8) y) and trained for 4 weeks. Before and after the training period, standing long jump performance, agility, repeated sprint ability, sit and reach, and “30–15” intermittent fitness tests were assessed. A mixed ANOVA showed significant differences between the groups in the standing long jump test (FIFA 11+: 5.6% vs. CG: −1.9%) in favor of FIFA 11+ over CG. Additionally, the FIFA 11+ performance of the Illinois agility test was significantly better compared to the CG performance (FIFA 11+: −1.9% vs. CG: 0.03%). The main findings of this study suggest that just 4 weeks of implementation of the FIFA 11+ improves physical performance compared with traditional warm-up routines in young soccer players.

scholarly journals Differences between Estimation and Real Performance in School-Age Children: Fundamental Movement Skills

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gabriela Almeida ◽  
Carlos Luz ◽  
Rui Martins ◽  
Rita Cordovil
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Error ◽  
Performance Estimation ◽  
Maximum Distance ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Fundamental Movement Skills ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Real Performance ◽  
Long Jump

Observations in studies of estimation compared to actual performance in motor skills revealed that children are not always accurate and have a tendency to overestimate the maximum distance at which an action can be performed. The relationship between estimated and real motor competences was analyzed for several tasks: standing long jump (SLJ), throwing and kicking, and walking backwards (WB) on a balance beam. Children were asked to predict their maximum distance prior to performing those tasks. Participants were 303 children (160 boys), which were between 6 and 10 years of age (M=8.63, SD=1.16). Children’s estimations were compared with their real performance to determine their accuracy. Absolute error (|real performance − estimation|) and error tendency, that is, the direction of the error (overestimation, accuracy, and underestimation bias), were calculated. Children had a tendency to overestimate their performance and were more conservative in the WB task, a noncommon action. In general, it is possible to conclude that children, in the studied age span, tend to overestimate their performance, particularly in familiar skills. This fact may be determinant to the development of their motor competences, since they are more likely to engage and persist in motor tasks, but it might also be a problem in terms of child safety because it could increase the occurrence of unintended injuries.

scholarly journals How to Improve the Standing Long Jump Performance? A Mininarrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Huiyu Zhou ◽  
Peimin Yu ◽  
Anand Thirupathi ◽  
Minjun Liang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Entrance Examination ◽  
School Students ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump

Standing long jump (SLJ) is complicated by the challenge of motor coordination in both the upper and lower segments. This movement is also considered to be a fundamental skill in a variety of sports. In particular, SLJ is an important test index for middle school students for assessing their physical fitness levels. This assessment takes the form of a physical fitness test high school entrance examination in some countries such as China. This minireview summarizes recent studies that have investigated how to improve the standing long jump performance from different aspects which include arm motion, takeoff angle, standing posture, warming-up exercise, and handheld weight. The common study limitations, controversial knowledge, and future research direction are also discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Relationships between Horizontal Drop Jump Test and Sprint Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Ahmed Attia ◽  
◽  
Zied Nèji ◽  
Néjiba Farhat ◽  
Aymen Khemiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Sprint Speed ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Hop Test ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Linear Regressions

Researchers and trainers are continually looking for determinants of soccer talent in the youngest and in the relationship between individual motor features relevant to this kind of sport. There is a fundamental consensus in the opinion that sprinting and jumping share a number of similar characteristics in soccer players. To the authors’ knowledge, the majority of the studies has been conducted in adult and young athletes and there has yet to be an analysis with prepubescent male players. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the standing long jump, the three-hop test and sprint performance in prepubescent male soccer players. Material and methods. This study comprised 112 prepubescent soccer players (aged 12.08±1.79 years; height: 154.35±12.50 cm; body mass 43.69±10.28 kg). They were assessed for a 30-m linear sprint with three split sprint times, standing long jump test and three-hop test. The associations and relationships between horizontal jump performance in three-hop test and standing long jump with 0-5m, 10-m, 20-m and 30-m sprint times were investigated. Results and discussion. Correlations and linear regressions were assessed. There were weak and large associations between sprint and jump measures (r = -0.21 to -0.66; p <0.001). Linear regressions all included standing long jump as a predictor, but not three-hop test. There were no regression equations that would predict sprint times from triple hop distance that were significant. In their study of national team female athletes Agar-Newman and Klimstra, (2015) showed contradictory results. In their athletes, triple hop distance was a better predictor than standing long jump of both initial sprint speed, and maximal sprint speed. Thus, this area requires further research to better understand the mechanisms through which both sprint and jump performances are achieved in prepubescent male soccer players. Conclusion. Overall, the results of our study support the use of 30-m linear sprint and horizontal jump performance tests for prepubescent male soccer players. This research showed that sprint times correlated to horizontal jump performance in three-hop test and standing long jump tests. It showed the utility of the standing long jump test to evaluate lower limb performance between prepubescent male soccer players

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