scholarly journals Bactericidal Effects of Extract Basil Leaves in In-vitro Study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Deny Febriwijaya Romadhani ◽  
Achmad Hilman Fahmy ◽  
Ilham Putera Alam ◽  
Hotimah Masdan Salim
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
Intracellular Targets ◽  
Broth Dilution

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common bacterial cause of nosocomial infections. Bacteria become resistant to antibiotics by various mechanisms, including producing enzymes that can damage antibiotics, change intracellular targets from antibiotics, and efflux pumps. Basil (Ocimum sanctum L.) is a traditional plant that is usually used as ingredients that contain antibacterial compounds including flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and eugenol. The aim was to determine the effectiveness of extract basil leaves for inhibiting and killing the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods: We administrated extract basil leaves with a concentration of 100%, 50%, and 25% in the plate contained bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The result showed that there was no inhibition of bacterial growth in broth dilution for 8 hours and 24 hours. We continued to culture bacteria for 24 hours.Results: The analysis showed extract basil leaves has bactericidal effects in 8 hours and 24 hours incubation significantly (p < 0.05). However, in 24 hours more effective as a bactericidal in 100% of concentration significantly (p < 0.05).Conclusion: From this result, eugenol (a phenol derivative found in the ethanol extract of basil leaves) has the effect of damaging cell membranes. Phenol bonding with bacterial cell walls can disrupt the permeability of transport cell membranes, thus the bacteria will be disrupted and die.

scholarly journals Effect of Propolis Preparations on Transepithelial Electrical Potential, Resistance, and Ion Transport in In Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Paulina Smyk ◽  
Iga Hołyńska-Iwan ◽  
Dorota Olszewska-Słonina
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Ussing Chamber ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ringer Solution ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Ions Transport

Background. Propolis and its ethanol extract show positive germicidal, bacteriostatic, and anti-inflammatory antioxidants and regenerative properties after use on the surface of the skin. Propolis is in common use in production of cosmetics and in folk medicine. The influence of this resinous mixture on ion channels, channels located in skin cells membranes and skin electrical resistance, was not explained. Objective. The main aim of the study was the evaluation of electrophysiological skin parameters during mechanical and chemical-mechanical stimulation after use of ethanol extract of propolis and propolis ointment in comparison with iso-osmotic Ringer solution. Methods. Skin fragments were taken from white New Zealand rabbits and distributed into three experimental groups which were incubated in ethanol extract of propolis (EEP), propolis ointment, and Ringer solution. Then they were placed in a Ussing chamber to measure electrophysiological parameters values. Results. In this study the influence of EEP on changes in value of electrical potential during block of chloride ions transport at the same time was observed. Ethanol propolis extract dissolved in water increases the transepidermal sodium ions transport in contrast to propolis ointment. Conclusion. The way of preparation cosmetics, which contain propolis, has effects on transepidermal ions transport in the rabbit’s skin. The value of skin electrical resistance is changing with penetration depth of active propolis substances contained in cosmetics.

In-vitro study of the activity of ciprofloxacin combined with amikacin or ceftazidime against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 770-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. FARRAG ◽  
J. W. A. BENDIG ◽  
C. TALBOYS ◽  
B. S. AZADIAN
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals In vitro Study on Anti-salmonella Activities of Boerhaavia diffusa (L. syn) Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ologun, Oluwabusayo ◽  
Dada, Ebenezer Oluyemi ◽  
Ajayi, Kehinde Oluyemi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolate ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Boerhaavia Diffusa ◽  
Broth Dilution

Various strategies have been employed in the treatment and management of Salmonella infection however, Salmonella strains have gained resistance to antibiotics. This study was to determine in vitro anti-Salmonella activity of Boerhaavia diffusa leaf extract against clinical isolate of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of B. diffusa were studied for their antibacterial activity against pathogenic Salmonella typhi. This study was carried out between April and September 2018. The in vitro antibacterial activity was performed by agar well diffusion method and broth dilution using spectrophotometric method and the results were expressed as the average diameter of zone of inhibition of bacterial growth around the well and optical density respectively. It was observed that aqueous extract exerted slightly higher activity than ethanolic extract as revealed by the mean diameter of zone of inhibitions at a concentration of 200 mg/ml, the aqueous extract had 35.21±0.47 mm (Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028) compared with ethanol extract 26.41±0.32 mm (clinical). However, in the broth dilution method, ethanol extract significantly (p=0.05) reduced the cell, at 48 hours, the optical density of clinical isolate of S. typhi treated at concentration of 200 mg/ml of extract was 0.47±0.02 nm while at the same concentration of extract, aqueous extract had an optical density of 0.52±0.11 nm respectively. The phytochemical assay revealed that tannin (5.18±0.02 mg/g) and quinone (8.45±0.13 mg/g) in ethanol extract was significantly (p=0.05) higher than aqueous extract while saponin (14.18±0.06 mg/g) was higher in the aqueous extract. The ethanol and aqueous extracts of leaves of B. diffusa whole plant exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both clinical and typed Salmonella typhi. Therefore, the plant extract could be used for the treatment of Salmonellosis, however, the in vivo studies is needed to ascertain the safety of the extract.

EVALUATION OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS AS PUTATIVE HIV-PROTEASE INHIBITORS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (06) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
A.A Rege ◽  
◽  
A. S Chowdhary
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Hiv Protease ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Hiv Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Hiv Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Potent Inhibitory Activity

Aqueous extracts of Ocimum sanctum Linn., Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook. f. & Thoms, Withania somnifera Dunal, Avicennia officinalis Linn. and Rhizophora mucronata Lam. were included for the present in vitro study. Pepsin was used as a substitute for HIV-protease to evaluate inhibitory activity of these extracts, as pepsin has close resemblance with HIV-protease in proteolytic activity. O. sanctum revealed the highest inhibitory activity followed by R. mucronata. In our earlier study, O. sanctum and R. mucronata exerted anti-HIV activity via multiple mechanisms of action; viz., interference with the gp120 / CD4 interaction and inhibition of HIV-reverse transcriptase. In the present study, they also showed potent inhibitory activity against pepsin enzyme (indirectly against HIV-protease) which may be due their flavonoids content.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF CURCUMA XANTHORRHIZA ETHANOL EXTRACT ON THE VIABILITY OF STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND AGGREGATIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS (DENTAL BIOFILM RESEARCH: IN VITRO STUDY)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Royan Diana ◽  
Hedijanti Joenoes ◽  
Ariadna A Djais
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of Curcuma xanthrorrhiza ethanol extract to the viability of Streptococcus mutans and Aggregatibacter  actinomycetemcomitans using single- and dual-species biofilm at different phases of formation.Methods: Biofilm models were incubated for 4, 12, and 24 hrs, then exposed to the extract at a concentration of 0.525%.Results: The viability of the single-species S. mutans biofilm was low (p<0.05), and no significant difference (p>0.05) was found between singlespeciesA. actinomycetemcomitans and dual-species biofilm.Conclusions: Curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanol extract is more effective for decreasing the viability of single-species S. mutans biofilm.

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