scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of phytochemicals in leaf, stem bark and root bark of Holarrhena antidysenterica, Wrightia tomentosa and Wrightia tinctoria

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Pawan Kumar Ahirwar ◽  
S. P. Mishra ◽  
Pramod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Holarrhena Antidysenterica ◽  
Wrightia Tinctoria ◽  
Different Parts

Various phytochemicals like alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, proteins, saponins, polyphenolic compounds and steroids etc. are found in different parts of plant. These are primary and secondary metabolites formed as byproduct of various biochemical pathways and play a major role in combat and cure of various diseases. A large number of diseases which are incurable through allopathic medicines show promising response to ayurvedic medicines. Prevention of these incurable diseases achieved through use of herbal medicines. It is necessary to identify, isolate and quantify such phytochemicals which are being used in the preparation of medicines or drugs formulations. The present study deals with comparative phytochemicals analysis in leaf, stem bark and root bark of Holarrhena antidysenterica (Roth) Wall ex. A. DC., Wrightia tomentosa Roem. et Schulta and Wrightia tinctoria R. Br.

scholarly journals Essential Oil of Three Uvaria species from Ivory Coast

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601
Author(s):  
Koffi A. Muriel ◽  
Tonzibo Z. Félix ◽  
Gilles Figueredo ◽  
Pierre Chalard ◽  
Yao T. N'guessan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Type Apparatus

Different parts of Uvaria ovata (Dunals) A, U. anonoides Baker f. and U. tortilis A. Chev were collected from Ivory Coast, in Toumodi (center), Agboville (south-east) and Sikensi (south), respectively. The essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus, were investigated by CG and CG/MS. The proportion of the chromatographed constituents identified varied from 92.5% to 98.5%. For U. ovata, the root bark oil comprised mainly camphene (10.2%), β-pinene (10.1%), epi–α-cadinol (13.2%) and intermedeol (9.7%), while the oil of the stem bark was dominated by epi–α-cadinol (27.3%), intermedeol (11.9%) and benzyl benzoate (13.4%). The oil of the leaves showed β-caryophyllene (15.6%), germacrene D (24.2%) and benzyl benzoate (18.3%) as the most abundant constituents. The leaf oil of U. anonoides was rich in 2,5-dimethoxy- p-cymene (15.5%), bicyclogermacrene (21.3%) and benzyl benzoate (8.7%), while, γ-terpinene (31.7%), β–caryophyllene (23.9%) and germacrene D (15.8%) constituted the main components of the stem bark oil of U. tortilis.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and TLC Profile of Fruits and Flowers of Alstonia venenata R. Br.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. K. ◽  
George E. ◽  
Kunjumon M. ◽  
Thankamani I.
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
Spray Reagent ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Ceric Sulphate

Alstonia venenata R. Br. belonging to the family Apocynaceae is a tall evergreen shrub distributed throughout Peninsular India. Stem-bark, root-bark, fruits and leaves are used by many tribal communities and also in Ayurveda. The study investigates the phytochemical composition of hexane, butanol, methanol and water extracts of Alstonia venenata fruits and flowers as well as the TLC profile of hexane extracts of fruits and flowers. Quantitative data of the wet and dry weight, yields from different solvent fractions and percentage yields were noted. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds from the various extracts. Alkaloids were present in all the fractions tested. Methanol extracts of fruits and flowers showed the presence of major phytoconstituents. TLC profile of hexane extracts of fruits and flowers were developed using anisaldehyde sulphuric acid/ceric sulphate (steroids/terpenoids) and Dragendorff’s spray reagents (alkaloids). Petroleum ether: Chloroform: Methanol (5: 4.5: 0.5) showed good resolution for the hexane extracts of fruit and flower when treated with Dragendorff’s spray reagent. Petroleum ether: Chloroform (1:1) was best for the hexane exacts of flowers and fruits when sprayed with ceric sulphate spray reagent

scholarly journals In vivo antioxidant effect of aqueous root bark, stem bark and leaves extracts of Vitex doniana in CCl4 induced liver damage rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadejo Olubukola Adetoro ◽  
James Dorcas Bolanle ◽  
Sallau Balarebe Abdullahi ◽  
Ozigi Abdulrahaman Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Vitex Doniana ◽  
In Vivo Antioxidant Effect

DETERMINATION OF POLYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF LYSIMACHIA NUMMULARIA L.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suciu Felicia ◽  
Roșca Adrian Cosmin ◽  
Lupu Carmen ◽  
Popescu Antoanela ◽  
Badea Victoria
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Process ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Total Polyphenol Content ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Parts

"The history of medicinal plants is associated with the evolution of civilization. In all regions of the world, the history of nations shows that these plants have always occupied an important place in medicine, in cosmetic products, and culinary preparations. The paper aims to determine the total polyphenols in different parts of the species Lysimachia nummularia L. In our study, we focused on the extraction of polyphenolic compounds in different solvents. The solvents used in the extraction were: 40% ethanol, concentrated methanol, in water. The total polyphenol content was determined by spectrophotometric methods, a method from the European Pharmacopoeia 10.0, with minor modifications. The total polyphenol content of different extracts varied depending on the extraction process. Different parts of the plant and different solvents were used in the determinations carried out to establish the optimal extraction method for the organs of Lysimachia nummularia L."

scholarly journals Alkaloid and Steroid from the Stem Bark of Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Dipankar Das Gupta ◽  
Md Enamul Haque ◽  
Md Nahidul Islam ◽  
Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
AKM Mahbub Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Preparative Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Different Parts

The plant Jatropha curcas grows well in different parts of Bangladesh and used in many medicinal purposes locally. The alkaloid atherospermidine and a steroid stigmasterol were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of J. curcas by a combination of column and preparative thin-layer chromatography over silica gel. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR) and by comparison with published data. This is the first report of isolation of the alkaloid atherospermidine from this plant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i1.10009 DUJPS 2011; 10(1): 9-11

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory activity of root bark and stem bark of Shyonaka

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabinarayan Acharya ◽  
BR Patel ◽  
B Ravishankar ◽  
Krunal Doshi ◽  
R Ilanchezhian
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Grapevine as a Rich Source of Polyphenolic Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 5604
Author(s):  
Iva Šikuten ◽  
Petra Štambuk ◽  
Željko Andabaka ◽  
Ivana Tomaz ◽  
Zvjezdana Marković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Grape Varieties

Grapes are rich in primary and secondary metabolites. Among the secondary metabolites, polyphenolic compounds are the most abundant in grape berries. Besides their important impacts on grape and wine quality, this class of compounds has beneficial effects on human health. Due to their antioxidant activity, polyphenols and phenolic acids can act as anti-inflammatory and anticancerogenic agents, and can modulate the immune system. In grape berries, polyphenols and phenolic acids can be located in the pericarp and seeds, but distribution differs considerably among these tissues. Although some classes of polyphenols and phenolic acids are under strict genetic control, the final content is highly influenced by environmental factors, such as climate, soil, vineyard, and management. This review aims to present the main classes of polyphenolic compounds and phenolic acids in different berry tissues and grape varieties and special emphasis on their beneficial effect on human health.

scholarly journals Constituents and Anthelmintic Activity Evaluation of Albizia Adiantifolia (Schumach) W.F. Wright Essential Oils FromNigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinsola Akande ◽  
Sherifat Aboaba ◽  
Guido Flamini
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Significant Difference

Albizia adiantifolia (Schumach) W.F. Wright (Fabaceae) is a plant used traditionally in treating different health ailments which includes worm infections. The essential oils (EOs) were obtained by hydrodistillation in an all glass Clevenger apparatus, and characterized by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS). In vitro petri-dish anthelmintic activity was carried out using adult earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae. The leaves, stem bark and root bark EOs afforded a total of 40, 26 and 20 constituents representing 90.9%, 94.1% and 90.9% of the total oil fractions respectively. The classes of compounds identified in the leaves, stem bark and root bark are oxygenated monoterpenes (4.1%, 1.7% and 4.0% respectively), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (39.5%, 67.3% and 42.6% respectively), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (18.7%, 22.3% and 30.1% respectively), non-terpene derivatives (12.1%, 2.6% and 14.2% respectively) and apocarotenoids (16.5% and 0.2% in the leaves and stem-bark). β-caryophyllene (23.0%), E-geranylacetone (7.4%), acorenone (6.4%), viridiflorol (6.4%), α-zingiberene (6.3%) and ar-curcumene (4.6%) were the major constituents in the leaves oil, β-caryophyllene (39.3%), selin-11-en-4-α-ol (10.4%), α-zingiberene (9.6%), ar-curcumene (7.2%), caryophyllene oxide (6.4%) and α-humulene (5.6%) were the major constituents in the stem bark oil, while β-caryophyllene (32.1%), selin-11-en-4-α-ol (13.1%), caryophyllene oxide (8.4%), pentadecanal (6.1%) and α -humulene (4.4%) were the major constituents in the root bark oil. β -caryophyllene dominated the oils. The leaf EO was the most active against E. eugeniae worm. All the oils showed a relatively higher activity compared to Albendazole, in a concentration dependent manner. There was significant difference (p<0.001) in activity.

scholarly journals Triterpenoids from Anthocleista grandiflora (Gentianaceae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Magadula ◽  
Dulcie A. Mulholland ◽  
Neil R. Crouch
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Root Bark

The stem bark of Anthocleista grandiflora (Gentianaceae) has yielded five triterpenoids, baruol, 3-deacetylmongolenin, anthocleistone, 6-ketoanthocleistone and lupenone together with scopoletin and (+)-de- O-methyllasiodiplodin. 3-Deacetyl-mongolenin was isolated from the leaves while the root bark yielded, in addition to the above compounds, the secoiridoid, sweroside.

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