scholarly journals PCMs in Transparent Building Envelope: A SWOT Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Vigna ◽  
Lorenza Bianco ◽  
Francesco Goia ◽  
Valentina Serra
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Heat Flows ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
Complex Solutions ◽  
Glass Unit

Building envelope can play a crucial role in building improvement efficiency and the adoption of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) coupled with transparent elements may (i) allow a better control of the heat flows from/to the outdoor environment, (ii) increase the exploitation of solar energy at building scale and (iii) modulate the light transmission to avoid glare effects. Starting from a literature review of experimental works, this research identifies the main possible integration of PCM in transparent/translucent building envelope components (in glazing, in shutters and in multilayer façade system) drawing a global picture potentials and limitations of these technologies. Transparent envelopes with PCMs have been classified from the simplest “zero” technology, which integrates the PCM into the double glass unit (DGU), to more complex solutions – with different numbers of cavities of the glass (TGU), different position of PCM layer (internal/external shutter), and in combination with other materials (TIM, aerogel, prismatic solar reflector, PCM curtain controlled by an electric pump). The results of the analysis are resumed in a SWOT (strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats) analysis table to underline strengths and weaknesses of transparent building envelope components with PCMs, and to indicate opportunities and threats for future research and building application.

scholarly journals Application Method of a Simplified Heat and Moisture Transfer Model of Building Construction in Residential Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4180
Author(s):  
Joowook Kim ◽  
Michael Brandemuehl
Keyword(s):  
Latent Heat ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Heat And Moisture Transfer ◽  
Heat And Moisture

Several building energy simulation programs have been developed to evaluate the indoor conditions and energy performance of buildings. As a fundamental component of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning loads, each building energy modeling tool calculates the heat and moisture exchange among the outdoor environment, building envelope, and indoor environments. This paper presents a simplified heat and moisture transfer model of the building envelope, and case studies for building performance obtained by different heat and moisture transfer models are conducted to investigate the contribution of the proposed steady-state moisture flux (SSMF) method. For the analysis, three representative humid locations in the United States are considered: Miami, Atlanta, and Chicago. The results show that the SSMF model effectively complements the latent heat transfer calculation in conduction transfer function (CTF) and effective moisture penetration depth (EMPD) models during the cooling season. In addition, it is found that the ceiling part of a building largely constitutes the latent heat generated by the SSMF model.

scholarly journals The entrepreneurial financing of the immigrant entrepreneurs: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Malki ◽  
Timur Uman ◽  
Daniel Pittino
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Financing

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in the phenomenon of immigrant entrepreneurship. Despite the growing number of studies, the financing aspect of immigrant entrepreneurship is still an emergent subject. In this paper, we critically and systematically review the field of the entrepreneurial financing of immigrant entrepreneurs. For this purpose, we conduct a two-step analysis of 37 systematically selected articles. In the first step, we provide an overall description of the field, while in the second step we perform a SWOT analysis on different aspects of the field, including the units of analysis, the main questions, and the use of theories and methods in the field. The review identifies gaps and weaknesses in the field, suggests potential opportunities for future research, and highlights some threats that could impede the implementation of future opportunities. Finally, the review suggests further questions to be explored for future advancement of knowledge in the field.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of Phase Change Materials Integrated with Building Envelope for Heating Application in Cold Locations

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Qudama M. Q. Al-Yasiri ◽  
Márta Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Cold Climates ◽  
Building Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Heating Loads

Phase change materials (PCMs) are increasingly investigated in the last years as successful in many thermal energy storage applications. In the building sector, PCMs are utilised to improve building efficiency by reducing cooling/heating loads and promoting renewable energy sources, such as solar energy. This paper shows the recent research works on integrating PCMs with building envelope for heating purposes. The main PCM categories and their main characteristics are presented, focusing on PCM types applied for building heating applications. The main methods adopted to incorporate PCMs with building elements and materials are mentioned, and the popular passive and active incorporation techniques are discussed. Lastly, the main contribution to building energy saving is discussed in terms of heating applications. The analysed studies indicated that all PCMs could improve the building energy saving in the cold climates by up to 44.16% regardless of their types and techniques. Several conclusions and recommendations are derived from the analysed studies that are believed to be a guideline for further research.

scholarly journals The Enigma of Gender Differences in an Environment-Behavior-Health Model of Elderly People: The Choice Between Individually and Sociality

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3483
Author(s):  
Zhenhua Zheng ◽  
Junling Gao ◽  
Ye Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Ecology ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Behavior Health

Gender difference in the health of elderly people has become an important perspective to consider when studying their health. However, the gender differences in terms of “environment–behavior–health” from the social ecology perspective remain unknown. On the basis of survey data from Shanghai, China, including 2839 samples, this study explored the gender differences of outdoor environment–behavior–activity ability in elderly people from two aspects of the mean value of variables and the path relationship, utilizing the structural equation model analysis method combined with social ecology theory. The results showed that, at the level of the mean of variables, the elderly males had significantly higher mean values than the females in terms of individual behaviors, but had significantly lower values in terms of social behaviors. At the level of path relationships, there were similarities in that the health of elderly males was more likely to be affected by individual factors, whereas that of the females was more effected by social factors. Through the great positive effect of the high-level social behaviors, the health of the elderly females was progressively promoted. The study provided some useful insights for future research, aiming at promoting gender-sensitive urban design.

scholarly journals Envelope Thermal Performance Analysis Based on Building Information Model (BIM) Cloud Platform—Proposed Green Mark Collaboration Environment

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziwen Liu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Vincent J.L. Gan ◽  
Luke Peh
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Building Information Model ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Collaboration Environment ◽  
Building Information

Building Information Modeling (BIM) and sustainable buildings are two future cornerstones of the Architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. In Singapore’s context, the Green Mark (GM) scoring system is prevalently used to assess the sustainability index of green buildings. BIM provides the semantic and geometry information of buildings, which is proliferated as the technological and process backbone for the green building assessment. This research, through vast literature reviews, identified that the current procedure of achieving a Green Mark score is tedious and cumbersome, which hampers productivity, especially in the calculation of building envelope thermal performance. Furthermore, the project stakeholders work in silos, in a non-collaborative, manual and 2D-based environment for generating relevant documentation to achieve the requisite green mark score. To this end, a cloud-based BIM platform was developed, with the aim of encouraging project stakeholders to collaboratively generate the project’s green mark score digitally in accordance with the regulatory requirements. Through this research, the authors have validated the Envelope Thermal Transfer Value (ETTV) calculation, which is one of the prerequisite criteria to achieve a Green Mark score, through a case study using the developed cloud-based BIM platform. The results indicated that using the proposed platform enhances the productivity and accuracy as far as ETTV calculation is concerned. This study provides a basis for future research in implementing the proposed platform for other criteria under the Green Mark Scheme.

Relation between the Light Transmission of the Glazing System and Daylight Factor

2014 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 395-398
Author(s):  
Kristián Kondáš ◽  
Stanislav Darula
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Simple Method

Windows are one of the most important parts of the building façade. Their main function is to ensure sufficient illumination of interiors and contact with outdoor environment, either directly or indirectly. The optical properties of the glazed part of these envelop apertures have significant influence on a lot of requirements, which have to be satisfied at the same time. The daylight distribution on the working plane is most affected by the glazing system’s light transmission. This study offers a simple method, how to find the appropriate value of the glazing system’s light transmission in relation to the Daylight Factor, in order to ensure the required daylight distribution in interior.

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