scholarly journals Hierarchical Environmental Factors Affecting the Distribution of Abies koreana on the Korean Peninsula

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Soo Park ◽  
Hak Sub Shin ◽  
Chul-hyun Choi ◽  
Jinhee Kim ◽  
Junghyo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Dwarf Bamboo ◽  
Abies Koreana ◽  
Korean Fir

Regional declines of the Korean fir (Abies koreana) have been observed since the 1980s on the subalpine region. To explain this decline, it is fundamental to investigate the degree to which environmental factors have contributed to plant distributions on diverse spatial scales. We applied a hierarchical regression model to determine quantitatively the relationship between the abundance of Korean fir (seedlings) and diverse environmental factors across two different ecological scales. We measured Korean fir density and the occurrence of its seedlings in 102 (84) plots nested at five sites and collected a range of environmental factors at the same plots. Our model included hierarchical explanatory variables at both site-level (weather conditions) and plot-level (micro-topographic factors, soil properties, and competing species). The occurrence of Korean fir seedlings was positively associated with moss cover and rock cover but negatively related to dwarf bamboo cover. On site-level, winter precipitation was significantly positively related to the occurrence of seedlings. A hierarchical Poisson regression model revealed that Korean fir density were negatively associated with slope aspect, topographic position index, Quercus mongolica cover, and mean summer temperature. Our results suggest that drought and competition with other species are factors which halt the survival of Korean fir. We can predict that the population of Korean fir will continue to decline on the Korean Peninsula due to rising temperatures and seasonal drought, and only a few Korean fir will survive on northern slopes or valleys where competition with dwarf bamboo and Q. mongolica can be avoided.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Environmental Factors Affecting the Distribution of Abies koreana on the Korean Peninsula

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Park ◽  
Hak Shin ◽  
Chul-hyun Choi ◽  
Junghyo Lee ◽  
Jinhee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Dwarf Bamboo ◽  
Abies Koreana ◽  
Korean Fir

A regional decline in the Korean fir (Abies koreana) has been observed since the 1980s in the subalpine region. To explain this decline, it is important to investigate the degree to which environmental factors have contributed to plant distributions on diverse spatial scales. We applied a hierarchical regression model to determine quantitatively the relationship between the abundance of Korean fir (seedlings) and diverse environmental factors across two different ecological scales. We measured Korean fir density and the occurrence of its seedlings in 102 (84) plots nested at five sites and collected a range of environmental factors at the same plots. Our model included hierarchical explanatory variables at both site-level (weather conditions) and plot-level (micro-topographic factors, soil properties, and competing species). The occurrence of Korean fir seedlings was positively associated with moss cover and rock cover but negatively related to dwarf bamboo cover. At the site level, winter precipitation was significantly and positively related to the occurrence of seedlings. A hierarchical Poisson regression model revealed that Korean fir density was negatively associated with slope aspect, topographic position index, Quercus mongolica cover, and mean summer temperature. Our results suggest that rising temperature, drought, and competition with other species are factors that impede the survival of the Korean fir. We can predict that the population of Korean fir will continue to decline in the subalpine, and only a few Korean fir will survive on northern slopes or valleys due to climate change.

scholarly journals An investigation of the effects of environmental and ecologic factors on cutaneous leishmaniasis in the old world: a systematic review study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi ◽  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Hamidreza Heidari ◽  
Azadeh Asgarian ◽  
Shahram Arsangjang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Old World ◽  
Review Study

AbstractObjectivesLeishmaniasis is a neglected and widespread parasitic disease that can lead to serious health problems. The current review study aimed to synthesize the relationship between ecologic and environmental factors (e.g., weather conditions, climatology, temperature and topology) and the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Old World.ContentA systematic review was conducted based on English, and Persian articles published from 2015 to 2020 in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Keywords used to search articles were leishmaniasis, environmental factors, weather condition, soil, temperature, land cover, ecologic* and topogr*. All articles were selected and assessed for eligibility according to the titles or abstracts. The quality screening process of articles was carried out by two independent authors. The selected articles were checked according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Summary and outlookA total of 827 relevant records in 2015–2020 were searched and after evaluating the articles, 23 articles met the eligibility criteria; finally, 14 full-text articles were included in the systematic review. Two different categories of ecologic/environmental factors (weather conditions, temperature, rainfall/precipitation and humidity) and land characteristics (land cover, slope, elevation and altitude, earthquake and cattle sheds) were the most important factors associated with CL incidence.ConclusionsTemperature and rainfall play an important role in the seasonal cycle of CL as many CL cases occurred in arid and semiarid areas in the Old World. Moreover, given the findings of this study regarding the effect of weather conditions on CL, it can be concluded that designing an early warning system is necessary to predict the incidence of CL based on different weather conditions.

Distribution of Bark Procyanidin Contents in Pinus yunnanensis Populations and Related Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Zhang ◽  
Hong Yu ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Chuntang Mao ◽  
Yuanbing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Related Species ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Quadratic Regression Model ◽  
Pinus Yunnanensis ◽  
Northwest Yunnan ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitat ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

The distribution of the bark procyanidin contents in 26 populations of Pinus yunnanensis and 8 populations of P. kesiya var. langbianensis and 5 populations of P. densata was determined. The results indicated that genetic and environmental factors commonly affected the procyanidin content in the populations of P. yunnanensis and related species. The procyanidin contents in the three related species followed the order of P. densata (54.72 mg/g) > P. kesiya (43.86 mg/g) > P. yunnanensis (37.95 mg/g). Furthermore, the procyanidin content in P. yunnanensis and related species had high variability. The procyanidin contents in the three related species showed that the procyanidin contents of P. densata distributed in northwest Yunnan and P. kesiya distributed in southern Yunnan were high, the procyanidin content of the population with introgression and hybridization or a heterogeneous habitat was also high, and that of P. yunnanensis distributed in central Yunnan was low. The quadratic regression model of procyanidin content and latitude was Y = 1329.06 -100.52* Latitude +1.95 * Latitude2.

Effect of the weather conditions during solution preparation on lysozyme crystallization

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1341-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Di Cheng ◽  
Rui-Qing Chen ◽  
Jin He ◽  
Da-Wei Li ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Protein Crystallization ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Crystallization Experiment ◽  
Solution Preparation ◽  
Crystallization Solution ◽  
Potential Factor ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Set Up

Protein crystallization is a delicate process that is always sensitive to environmental factors. When the environmental factors are not well controlled or not controlled at all, identical crystallization droplets from the same mother liquid may yield different crystallization results. One environmental factor, the weather conditions during crystallization solution preparation, is not usually considered as a parameter for protein crystallization. In this paper, it is shown that the weather parameters during preparation of the crystallization experiment, including the ambient temperature, humidity, pressure and particulate matter in the air, can all affect the reproducibility of lysozyme crystallization. An identical lysozyme crystallization experiment was repeated for an entire year, and the weather conditions when each crystallization experiment was set up were recorded along with the crystallization results. Among the parameters recorded, the humidity during the experiment setup showed the strongest effect on lysozyme crystallization. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that the weather conditions during crystallization solution preparation should be considered as a potential factor that can influence protein crystallization.

Exploring environmental factors driving wildfire occurrences in Alaskan tundra

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaying He ◽  
Tatiana Loboda ◽  
Nancy French ◽  
Dong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Empirical Modeling ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Fire Weather ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Ignition Probability ◽  
Alaskan Tundra ◽  
Fire Ignition ◽  
Cg Lightning

<p>Tundra fires are common across the pan-Arctic region, particularly in Alaska. Fires lead to significant impacts on terrestrial carbon balance and ecosystem functioning in the tundra. They can even affect the forage availability of herbivorous wildlife and living resources of local human communities. Also, interactions between fire and climate change can enhance the fire impacts on the Arctic ecosystems. However, the drivers and mechanisms of wildland fire occurrences in Alaskan tundra are still poorly understood. Research on modeling contemporary fire probability in the tundra is also lacking. This study focuses on exploring the critical environmental factors controlling wildfire occurrences in Alaskan tundra and modeled the fire ignition probability, accounting for ignition source, fuel types, fire weather conditions, and topography. The fractional cover maps of fuel type components developed Chapter 2 serve as input data for fuel type distribution. The probability of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning and fire weather conditions are simulated using WRF. Topographic features are also calculated from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data. Additionally, fire ignition locations are extracted from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active fire product for Alaskan tundra from 2001 to 2019. Empirical modeling methods, including RF and logistic regression, are then utilized to model the relationships between environmental factors and wildfire occurrences in the tundra and to evaluate the roles of these factors. Our results suggested that CG lightning is the primary driver controlling fire ignitions in the tundra, while warmer and drier weather conditions also support fires. We also projected future potential of wildland fires in this tundra region with Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects Phase 6 (CMIP6) data. The results of this study highlight the important role of CG lightning in driving tundra fires and that incorporating CG lightning modeling is necessary and essential for fire monitoring and management efforts in the High Northern Latitudes (HNL).</p>

Scanning laser wave recorder with registration of “instantaneous” sea surface profiles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Sterlyadkin ◽  
K.V. Kulikovsky ◽  
A.V. Kuzmin ◽  
E.A. Sharkov ◽  
M.V. Likhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wave Recorder

AbstractA direct optical method for measuring the “instantaneous” profile of the sea surface with an accuracy of 1 mm and a spatial resolution of 3 mm is described. Surface profile measurements can be carried out on spatial scales from units of millimeters to units of meters with an averaging time of 10−4 s. The method is based on the synchronization of the beginning of scanning a laser beam over the sea surface and the beginning of recording the radiation scattered on the surface onto the video camera matrix. The heights of all points of the profile are brought to a single point in time, which makes it possible to obtain “instantaneous” profiles of the sea surface with the frequency of video recording. The measurement technique and data processing algorithm are described. The errors of the method are substantiated. The results of field measurements of the parameters of sea waves are presented: amplitude spectra, distribution of slopes at various spatial averaging scales. The applied version of the wave recorder did not allow recording capillary oscillations, but with some modernization it will be possible. The method is completely remote, does not distort the properties of the surface, is not affected by wind, waves and sea currents, it allows you to measure the proportion of foam on the surface. The possibility of applying the proposed method at any time of the day and in a wide range of weather conditions has been experimentally proved.

Charting Student Physical Locations in the Virtual World

2011 ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Terence Cavanaugh ◽  
Elinor A. Scheirer
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Graphic Representation ◽  
Online Class ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Interactive Map ◽  
Available Resources

Distance-learning courses are primarily designed for Internet-based asynchronous delivery of instruction. This case describes the use of Web 2.0 GIS technologies to create a graphic representation of student locations on an interactive map. This class map then became a multi-purpose resource for online class members and the instructor: to locate and highlight students’ distances from the instructor and among themselves; to remind the instructor to be sensitive to possible effects of locations on students due to environmental factors such as weather conditions; to help the instructor tailor proximity-based resources or course requirements for students; to help the instructor connect distance-learning students with each other geographically for group projects based on their locations; and to facilitate the efforts of students and the instructor in identifying locally available resources relevant to their coursework.

Cohnella abietis sp. nov., isolated from Korean fir (Abies koreana) rhizospheric soil of Halla mountain

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 953-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingmin Jiang ◽  
Sophea Pheng ◽  
Keun Chul Lee ◽  
Se Won Kang ◽  
Jae Cheol Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Abies Koreana ◽  
Korean Fir

Species co-occurrence and environmental factors and their effect on the distribution of forest birds in mature forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikel Xabier Andradas ◽  
Juan Arizaga ◽  
Javier Rodríguez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Forest Birds ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Passerine Species ◽  
Northern Iberian Peninsula

Abstract Measures of species co-occurrence, as a proxy of biotic interactions, may be as important as environmental factors when explaining the distribution of many species. We assessed the relative effect of both species co-occurrence and environmental factors in predicting the occurrence (presence/absence) of woodpeckers and passerines in mature forests of the Northern Iberian Peninsula. We hypothesized that woodpecker occurrence would affect the occurrence of passerines. We calculated the occurrence of woodpecker species using models that included environmental factors aggregated at three spatial scales (200, 500 and 1,000-m2). The occurrence of passerine species was then modelled by using either species co-occurrence (including the occurrence of woodpecker species) or environmental factors at the 200-m2 cell scale. The occurrence of five out of nine passerine species was best explained by the co-occurrence of woodpeckers alone, whereas the occurrence of the remaining passerines was best explained using a combination of species co-occurrence (i.e. woodpeckers and/or other passerines) and environmental factors. In Southern Europe, woodpeckers are expanding their distribution in line with forest maturation, and this could increase the diversity of bird communities in forest systems.

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