Inexpensive Integrated GIS for Local Government to Implement Emergency Response and Management Effectively

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Go Urakawa ◽  
◽  
Haruo Hayashi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Noto Hanto Earthquake ◽  
2007 Noto Hanto Earthquake ◽  
The Many ◽  
Post Disaster

We are exposed to various kinds of Multi-hazards due to natural disasters, terrorist attacks and epidemic’s outbreak. In any of these crises, national and local governments must take in managing emergency responses effectively. Though one of the many measures is to build information systems against disaster, these systems are tools for estimating post disaster damage. This effort is not, however, implemented either well or effectively in most cases. Our research team had supported local governments using GIS in cases such as the 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu Earthquake, the 2007 Noto Hanto Earthquake, and the 2007 Niigataken Chuetsuoki Earthquake. Through these experiences, we reconfirmed the positive effects of location information and GIS. We also reconfirmed the need for both implementation speed and flexible use in their implementation. This paper describes how we built inexpensive integrated GIS for local governments to implement in emergency response andmanagement from experiences and knowledge on disaster affected area.

Building Comprehensive Disaster Victim Support System

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Go Urakawa ◽  
◽  
Haruo Hayashi ◽  
Keiko Tamura ◽  
Munenari Inoguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Academic Organizations ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Noto Hanto Earthquake ◽  
Victim Assistance ◽  
2007 Noto Hanto Earthquake ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Post Disaster

Our research team of industrial, governmental, and academic organizations had supported local governments using geographic information systems (GIS) at Odiya city in the 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu Earthquake. We developed GIS applications for damage certification based on specific needs enabling municipal personnel to operate effectively during the initial post-disaster confusion. The team developed GIS and other databases and applications, and designed the certification desk layout. Based on our work in Odiya, we applied these solutions in the 2004 Niigataken Chuetsu Earthquake, 2007 Noto Hanto Earthquake, and 2007 Niigata-ken Chuetsuoki Earthquake. We damage citification issuance and set up a master database for victims to help victims rebuild their lives. We discuss comprehensive solutions to damage assessment, database registration, damage certification, and victim assistance.

scholarly journals Improving Role of Construction Industry for More Effective Post-Disaster Emergency Response To Road Infrastructure in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Krishna S. Pribadi ◽  
Eliza Puri ◽  
Eliya Hanafi ◽  
Tri Hadinata
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Local Road

Geo- and hydro-meteorological disasters typically caused disruptive impact to road networks due to damaged road infrastructure, which in turn disconnect access to and isolate the disaster affected areas. Road clearing work and emergency road recovery operation are considered a priority to reconnect the access during post-disaster emergency response. However, the operation is not always smooth and in many cases delayed due to various problems. An investigation is conducted to understand the current practice of post-disaster emergency road recovery operation in Indonesia and to study possible participation of construction industry in order to improve its effectiveness. In-depth interviews with Local Disaster Management Agencies (BPBDs) and local road agencies in West Java Province were conducted to understand current practices in emergency road recovery operation and to view perspectives on local contractor participation. The surveys showed supports from the local governments for contractor involvement as long as it is still under guidance of related agencies (Ministry of Public Works and Housing) despite some possible obstacles from the current regulation that may hamper contractors’ participation, which indicate that there is a potential role of construction industry for more effective post-disaster emergency response, provided that contractor associations are involved and existing procurement regulation is improved.

scholarly journals Sustained sustainable development actions of China from 1986 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingsheng Liu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Jiaming Zhang ◽  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
Yuan Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Resource Conditions

AbstractAchieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a long-term task, which puts forward high requirements on the sustainability of related policies and actions. Using the text analysis method, we analyze the China National Sustainable Communities (CNSCs) policy implemented over 30 years and its effects on achieving SDGs. We find that the national government needs to understand the scope of sustainable development more comprehensively, the sustained actions can produce positive effects under the right goals. The SDGs selection of local governments is affected by local development levels and resource conditions, regions with better economic foundations tend to focus on SDGs on human well-being, regions with weaker foundations show priority to basic SDGs on the economic development, infrastructures and industrialization.

An automatic decision algorithm and simulation performance analysis for public safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Xiangwei Qi ◽  
Weimin Pan ◽  
Bingcai Chen ◽  
Gulila Altenbek
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Mathematical Form ◽  
Decision Algorithm ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Real Scene ◽  
Crowd Evacuation

As the current society is increasingly facing major challenges from extremism and terrorism, protecting key urban public facilities and important targets from destruction is an important challenge facing the security departments of all countries. Based on real scene, this paper conducts researches on anti-terrorism security game algorithms and emergency response models in response to the three key links of before, during and after terrorist attacks. First of all, this paper constructs a multi-round joint attack game and emergency response model based on cooperation, establishes the optimization problem of solving the defender’s optimal strategy in mathematical form, and then obtains the optimal defense strategy. Secondly, in response to the fact that terrorists are not completely rational, a new hybrid model is constructed to propose an efficient allocation and scheduling algorithm for safe resources in response to terrorist attacks. Thirdly, a model of crowd evacuation strategy after a terrorist attack is built based on the problem of crowd evacuation in multiple rounds of premeditated cooperative attacks. Finally, taking the area of the first ring of a certain city as a real scene, a complete game system of the whole process is constructed, and the game effectiveness evaluation of the existing security resource allocation scheme in the first ring area is carried out. Through the research of this thesis, the author puts forward some new technical ideas for the current society’s anti-terrorism governance, and hopes to provide some technical references for the decision-making of security agencies.

scholarly journals Investigating the Sustainability Performance of PPP-Type Infrastructure Projects: A Case of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengqin Zheng ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Qing He ◽  
Shaoze Fang ◽  
Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Managerial Implications

In China, the demand for public infrastructure projects is high due to the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid growth of the economy in recent years. Infrastructures are mainly large scale, so local governments have difficulty in independently completing financing work. In this context, public sectors often seek cooperation from private sectors, in which public–private partnership (PPP) is increasingly common. Although numerous studies have concentrated on sustainable development, the unsustainability performances of infrastructures are often reported on various media. Furthermore, studies on the sustainability performances of PPP-type infrastructure (PTI) projects are few from the perspective of private sectors’ behaviors. In this study, we adopted the modified theory of planned behavior and the structure equation model and conducted a questionnaire survey with 258 respondents for analyzing the sustainable behaviors of private sectors. Results indicated that behavioral attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm interact significantly. They have direct positive effects on behavioral intention and then indirectly influence actual behavior through this intention. Actual sustainable behaviors of private sectors have significantly positive effects on the sustainable development of cities. We offer theoretical and managerial implications for public and private sectors on the basis of the findings to ensure and promote the sustainability performances of PTI projects.

The Politics of The Grain Trade in Iraq c. 1840-1917

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 151-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Grain Trade ◽  
The Many ◽  
Difficult Terrain ◽  
The Military

Anyone who watched the televison coverage of, or read about the African famine some years ago could not help but be appalled by the many obstacles erected to impede the progress of getting food to the starving millions in Ethiopia, Somalia and the Sudan. While it is true that the difficult terrain, an inhospitable climate and the lack of rain were partly responsible for the large-scale spread of famine and dearth in the African sub-continent, it is also true that local governments were responsible for creating impediments to the alleviation of mass hunger and starvation. Governments waging war against secessionist regimes and rebel armies used political means—primarily blockades of grain and other foodstuffs—to starve the enemy forces, creating misery among the military as well as civilian populations in the rebel areas.

scholarly journals The March 2021 Thessaly earthquakes and their impact through the prism of a multi-hazard approach in disaster management

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Spyridon Mavroulis ◽  
Maria Mavrouli ◽  
Panayotis Carydis ◽  
Konstantinos Agorastos ◽  
Efthymis Lekkas
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Emergency Shelters ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Post Disaster

In early March 2021, when Greece was struggling with the evolving third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic with the highest numbers of daily cases and fatalities from its initiation, Thessaly was struck by a seismic sequence, which included the 3 March, Mw = 6.3 mainshock, its strongest Mw = 6.1 aftershock the following day and numerous large aftershocks. The mainshock caused extensive damage to houses and infrastructure, while the aftershock aggravated damage and caused widespread concern among residents. Based on post-event field surveys in the affected area, it is concluded that the old unreinforced houses with load-bearing masonry walls in the northeastern part of the Thessaly basin suffered the most, while the recent constructions remained intact. As a result, hundreds of homeless were in need of immediate temporary sheltering, which immediately mobilized the Civil Protection authorities to manage the emergency situation. This emergency had something unique, which made its management a challenge: the implementation of the earthquake emergency response actions was incompatible with the measures to limit the further spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the community during the evolving third pandemic wave. Many of the actions have been adapted to the unprecedented conditions through a prism of a multi-hazard approach to disaster management and their impact. Among others, more and different types of emergency shelters were used to prevent overcrowding, emergency supplies distribution processes were modified to prevent transmission through hands and surfaces, places for the identification and isolation of suspected COVID-19 cases were designated in emergency shelters and extensive and regular screening testing of the local population was conducted for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus. From the analysis of the daily reported COVID-19 cases in the earthquake-affected area during the pre- and post- disaster periods as well as from results of rapid testing during the post-disaster period, it was found that the viral load of the earthquake-affected villages was not increased, despite the difficult and unprecedented conditions. It can be suggested that the adaptation of the measures to the new conditions has worked beneficially to reduce the spread of the new virus among those affected and the involved staff. For this reason, this approach could be considered as good practice and important lesson learned, which can be applied to similar future compound emergencies in areas with similar geoenvironmental and epidemiological characteristics.

scholarly journals PUSAT PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA KABUPATEN SINTANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Gaudensius Waldi Fernando ◽  
Emilya Kalsum ◽  
Jawas Dwijo Putro
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Complex Emergencies ◽  
Information Center ◽  
Integrated Concept ◽  
Post Disaster

Natural conditions as well as the diversity of population and culture in Indonesia cause the risk of natural disasters, social disasters and complex emergencies to arise. The implementation of emergency response is also often not supportive, the distribution of aid and services is not fast, uneven and difficult to monitor properly, so that the progress of the results of disaster emergency response activities is less objectively measurable. In Sintang Regency, in addition to natural disasters, social disasters also often occur, because the facilities are not standardized and accommodated so that services are not optimal. Judging from the existing needs, the Disaster Management Center is a facility that can assist the implementation of Disaster Emergency Response activities in Sintang Regency. The Disaster Management Center can accommodate disaster emergency response activities so that it has strategic command lines so that information confusion can be minimized so as to realize appropriate policies in dealing with disasters. The planned Disaster Management Center is a facility that functions to accommodate agencies related to pre- and post-disaster management, both as a place for disaster management and as an information center. The design method for this Disaster Management Center uses a comparison of literatures and performs data processing to describe the design process of the Sintang Regency Disaster Management Center. The mass of the building is divided into three parts separated by function and purpose. The approach to design applies an integrated concept, referring to a standardized and accommodating spatial layout.

scholarly journals STATUS HAK ATAS TANAH PASCA BENCANA LIKUIFAKSI DAN RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH DI KOTA PALU

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Nurhilma Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
The People ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Post Disaster

Adapun hasil penelitian dan pembahasan sebagai berikut: 1). Masyarakat di kawasan yang terdampak likuifaksi (kelurahan petobo, kecamatan palu selatan, kota palu, provinsi sulawesi tengah) sesuai dengan pergub nomor 10 tahun 2019, bahwa masyarakat tidak dapat menuntut lagi tanahnya di kawasan terdampak likuifaksi. Sebab, sangat jelas dalam pergub nomor 10 tahun 2019 bahwa kawasan terdampak likuifaksi di kelurahan petobo termasuk dalam zona merah, yang dalam hal ini dengan dipindahkan masyarakat korban bencana likuifaksi ke lokasi lebih aman (relokasi). Maka dengan adanya relokasi tersebut, masyarakat tidak lagi dapat menuntut hak atas tanahnya di kawasan terdampak likuifaksi,2). Berdasarkan pergub nomor 10 tahun 2019,mengatur mengenai penataan ruang wilayah perlunya perubahan pemanfaatan ruang di beberapa lokasi terdampak bencana masif, maka menjadi penting penyusunan arahan pemanfaatan ruang baru yang dapat diterima oleh masyarakat. Disamping itu, di daerah-daerah yang tidak terdampak bencana, maka arahan pemanfaatan ruang lama akan mengalami perubahan minimal, atau bahkan tidak berubah sama sekali. Kesimpulan yang bisa diambil dari penelitian ini adalah Bahwa masyarakat di kawasan terdampak (Kelurahan Petobo, Kecamatan Palu Selatan, Kota Palu, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah) sesuai dengan Pergub Nomor 10 Tahun 2019, bahwa masyarkat tidak dapat lagi menuntut tanahnya di kawasan terdampak. Sebab, sangat jelas didalam pergub Nomor 10 Tahun 2019  bahwa kawasan terdampak (Keluarahan Petobo) termasuk dalam Zona Merah, yang dalam hal ini dengan dipindahkannya masyarakat korban bencana dikawasan terdampak ke lokasi yang lebih aman (relokasi). Maka, dengan adanya relokasi tersebut, masyarakat tidak lagi dapat menuntut hak atas tanahnya dikawasan terdampak, dan Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah telah mengeluarkan Peraturan Gubernur Sulawesi Tengah No. 10 Tahun 2019 Tentang Rencana Rehabilitasi dan Relokasi Pascabencana, yang mengatur pelaksanaan pembangunan rumah untuk relokasi korban likuifaksi yang memiliki hak atas tanah dan bangunan secara sah menurut hukum. Pembangunan tempat tinggal untuk relokasi disini prinsipnya adalah pemerataan dan adil antara luas tanah dan fisik rumah adalah samaKata Kunci: Tanah, Status Hukum, Tata Ruang, dan Bencana Alam. The results suggest the following: 1) the community in the areas affected by liquefaction is according to the governor regulation number 10 of 2019 in which the community can no longer claim their land in areas affected. It is clearly stated within it that Petobo Sub-district belongs to the red zone which means that the people affected were relocated to a safer place and thus are not able to claim the land in the affected area; 2) the governor regulation number 10 of 2019 regulates the regional spatial planning which needs change in terms of utilizing spaces in several areas affected by massive disasters. That is why it is necessary to have arrangements for the utilization of new spaces that are acceptable to the community. On the other hand, the unaffected areas would undergo either minimal or absent change. In conclusion, the people in Petobo, Palu, Central Sulawesi, based on the governor regulation number 10 of 2019, are no longer able to claim their lands as it is considered a Red Zone which only for relocating the victims of a disaster. The provincial government of Central Sulawesi has issued the 2019 Regulation of the Governor of Central Sulawesi number 10 regarding the planning of the post-disaster rehabilitation and relocation that focus on the implementation of houses construction for the victims of liquefaction who have legal rights to lands and buildings according to the law. The principal of this construction is equal and fair between the land area and the physical house.Keywords: land, legal status, spatial planning, and natural disaster.

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