scholarly journals Evaluation of utility and biological traits of a Carniolan honeybee line

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Dorota Kołodziejczyk ◽  
◽  
Stanisław Socha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Swarming Behavior ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Honey Yield

The aim of the study was to analyze the functional and biological characteristics of the Carniolian breed of the Bielka 1 line. The research material consisted of queens subjected to stationary evaluation in ten consecutive feed seasons (2009–2018). The analysis covered such features as: honey yield, winter hardiness, spring development, swarming behavior and the behavior of bees indicating their mildness or malignancy. A statistically significant or highly significant influence of the year of evaluation was found on all the analyzed functional traits of the Bielka 1 line Carniolian bees. The bees of this line were characterized by a very good honey yield. There were positive and significant correlations between this feature and the others. No significant relationships were observed between the behavior of the Bielka 1 bees and their tendency to swarm and spring development. The bees were characterized by good winter hardiness, creating strong colonies and dynamic spring development. The good qualities of the bee colonies of this line are calm and gentleness. Moreover, they are characterized by low swarming behavior and usually received maximum scores for this feature. The Bielka 1 line can be useful in large apiaries focused on intensive production, but also in home, amateur apiaries.

Vertical dynamics in community functioning of biofilm-dwelling ciliates during the colonisation process in coastal waters of the Yellow Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Bai ◽  
Congcong Guo ◽  
Mamun Abdullah Al ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
Henglong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Trait Distribution

Multifunctional trait analysis is increasingly recognised as an effective tool for assessing ecosystem function and environmental quality. Here, a baseline study was performed at four depths (i.e. 1, 2, 3.5 and 5m) in Yellow Sea coastal waters of northern China in order to determine the optimal depth for bioassessment using biological traits of biofilm-dwelling ciliates. Community-weighted means (CWM) from functional traits system were used to summarise the trait distribution and functional diversity of ciliates among the four depths during a 1-month colonisation period. Functional trait distribution revealed a clear temporal variation among the four depths. In total, 3 of 17 functional traits (i.e. feeding type, body size and flexibility) showed significant temporal patterns. Bootstrapped averaging and permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) tests demonstrated that the colonisation pattern of biofilm-dwelling ciliates as expressed by CWM at 1 and 2m differed significantly from those at 3.5 and 5m. Functional diversity indices showed lower variability at 1 and 2m than at 3.5 and 5m. These results suggest that 1 and 2m are the preferred sampling depths for bioassessment of marine water quality using biological traits of biofilm-dwelling ciliates.

scholarly journals Fishing for function: the use of biological traits to evaluate the effects of multispecies fisheries on the functioning of fisheries assemblages

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1091-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Koutsidi ◽  
Evangelos Tzanatos ◽  
Athanassios Machias ◽  
Vassiliki Vassilopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Functional Traits ◽  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Purse Seine ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Multispecies Fisheries ◽  
Important Target ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management claims that fisheries management should take into account the ecosystem processes; in that context, it is useful to examine the functional traits of fisheries assemblages. This can be a challenge in multispecies fisheries. We used 21 biological traits of 86 species to investigate the relationship between-species and trait composition and to identify species with rare functional traits. Combining these traits with two catch datasets from the eastern Mediterranean (Patraikos Gulf: small-scale fleet, eastern Ionian Sea: entire multispecies fleet), we investigated whether certain fishing tactics or gears tend to remove specific traits, using multivariate methodologies. Species and traits composition of the catches were related, but an important part of trait variability was not explained by species composition. Rare traits and trait combinations were found for important target or bycatch species. Differences in the traits composition of fishing operations were revealed both between fishing tactics (Patraikos) as well as gears and areas (eastern Ionian); hierarchical clustering and MDS indicated the distinction of purse-seine catches at gear level. SIMPER analysis by trait indicated associations of certain trait categories mainly with purse-seines (at gear level) and longline métiers and a trammel-net métier (at métier level). The identification of rare traits or their combinations can have significant management implications as overfishing of the species with these traits could result in altering assemblage functioning. It seems that the multispecies character of the benthic fisheries results in a balanced trait removal, while management should regulate the effects of purse-seine fisheries on the fisheries assemblage functioning. Further investigation of the functions that fishing may remove from the ecosystem could contribute to understanding the effects of fishing and reveal overlooked aspects useful for the improvement of fisheries management.

scholarly journals Correlation of morphologic and production traits of honey bee colonies from Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1761-1769
Author(s):  
G. Jevtic ◽  
B. Andjelkovic ◽  
Z. Lugic ◽  
D. Djokic ◽  
M. Mladenovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Honey Yield

State of mutual or reciprocal relationship between traits is determined by the correlation coefficients. Correlation of morphological and production traits was determined in two generations of honey bee colonies. In the first generation, mother queen bees were studied, and in the second generation, their offspring. The study of one generation lasted two years. Morphological traits were determined in the beginning of the study and production traits were determined in the spring and autumn inspections of every year. In the first generation, the positive and mostly high correlation between morphological traits, and honey yield and hygienic behavior was determined. Correlation of morphological traits, colony strength and food supplies per colony ranged from highly positive to slightly negative values. It was found that there was a high correlation between some production traits (colony strength in the spring and autumn inspections and honey yield per colony). In the analysis of offspring (second generation), most traits that were positively correlated in mother generation now, also, showed a similar relationship. The only difference, in contrast to mother generation, was that, for most traits, the intensity of interaction increased.

scholarly journals Modeling honey yield, defensive and swarming behaviors of Italian honey bees (Apis mellifera ligustica) using linear-threshold approaches

BMC Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreten Andonov ◽  
Cecilia Costa ◽  
Aleksandar Uzunov ◽  
Patrizia Bergomi ◽  
Daniela Lourenco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Defensive Behavior ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Linear Threshold ◽  
Swarming Behavior ◽  
Direct Genetic Effect ◽  
Honey Yield

Abstract Background Genetic improvement of honey bees is more difficult compared to other livestock, due to the very different reproductive behavior. Estimation of breeding values requires specific adjustment and the use of sires in the pedigree is only possible when mating of queens and drones is strictly controlled. In the breeding program of the National Registry for Italian Queen Breeders and Bee Producers the paternal contribution is mostly unknown. As stronger modeling may compensate for the lack of pedigree information, we tested two models that differed in the way the direct and maternal effects were considered. The two models were tested using 4003 records for honey yield, defensive and swarming behaviors of Italian honey bee queens produced between 2002 and 2014. The first model accounted for the direct genetic effect of worker bees and the genetic maternal effect of the queen, whereas model 2 considered the direct genetic effect of the queen without maternal effect. The analyses were performed by linear (honey production) and threshold (defensive and swarming behavior) single-trait models; estimated genetic correlations among traits were obtained by a three-trait linear-threshold model. Results For all traits, the highest predictability (correlation between breeding values estimated with and without performance records) was obtained with model 2, where direct genetic effect of queens was considered. With this model, heritability estimates were 0.26 for honey yield, 0.36 for defensive behavior, and 0.34 for swarming behavior. Multi-trait estimation resulted in similar or higher heritability estimates for all traits. A low, positive genetic correlation (0.19) was found between honey yield and defensive behavior, whereas the genetic correlation between honey yield and swarming behavior was moderate (0.41). A strong, positive genetic correlation was found between defensive and swarming behaviors (0.62). Predictability for multi-trait evaluations was higher for honey yield (0.46) and defensive behavior (0.30) but almost identical for swarming behavior (0.45) compared to corresponding single-trait predictability. Conclusions Multi-trait evaluation using a model that accounts for the direct genetic effect of queen was the best approach for breeding value estimation of Italian honey bees. The results suggest a new direction for selection of linear and categorical traits in breeding programs where drone origin is unknown.

Honey yield of different commercial apiaries treated with Lactobacillus salivarius A3iob, a new bee-probiotic strain

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Novicov Fanciotti ◽  
M. Tejerina ◽  
M.R. Benítez-Ahrendts ◽  
M.C. Audisio
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
North Western ◽  
Honey Yield

The main objective of this study was to determine the impact of Lactobacillus salivarius A3iob, a honey bee gut-associated strain (GenBank code access KX198010), on honey yield. Independent assays were conducted from May to September 2014 and 2015, in three commercial apiaries: Tilquiza, El Carmen and Yala, all located in north-western Argentina. Local Apis mellifera L. bees were kept in standard Langstroth hives; treated hives were fed once a month with 1×105 cfu/ml viable Lactobacillus cells, administered to the bees through a Doolittle-type feeder in 125 g/l sucrose syrup. Control hives were only given the syrup mixed with MRS sterile broth. The main honey harvest was done in December in all groups and we found that there was an overall increase in honey yield from the treated hives. In 2014, all treated hives produced between 2.3 to 6.5 times more honey than the controls. However, in 2015, higher honey average yields in the treated hives at El Carmen and Yala were obtained, yet not at Tilquiza, because of a slight mishap. They experienced the swarming of several bee colonies due to a higher number of bees without appropriate management, which caused the control group to yield more honey compared to the hives fed with Lactobacillus. Interestingly, at El Carmen, two honey harvests were recorded: one in winter and another in summer (July and December 2015, respectively). This unexpected result arose from the particular flora of the region, mainly Tithonia tubaeformis, which blooms in winter. L. salivarius A3iob cells prove to be a natural alternative that will positively impact the beekeepers’ economy by providing a higher honey yield.

scholarly journals Suitability of Starch Syrups for Winter Feeding of Honeybee Colonies

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Semkiw ◽  
Piotr Skubida
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Spring Flow ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Honey Yield ◽  
Winter Feeding

AbstractThree different starch syrups available on the Polish market for winter feeding of bees were evaluated for two consecutive beekeeping seasons (2012/2013 and 2013/2014). Sugar syrup and inverted sucrose syrup were used as the control. Winter feeding was conducted at two times: earlier and later in the season. After supplementation of winter feeding was stopped, we measured colony strength (number of combs covered by bees) and brood area. After overwintering (spring 2013 and 2014), we estimated the influence of these foods on: bee mortality during overwintering (number of dead bees in winter debris), food consumption, colony strength and brood area in spring (two measurements in three-week intervals), development dynamics and honey yield from spring flow. An analysis of the results for the parameters assessed before overwintering, after its end and during spring development did not show significant differences between bee colonies fed with different types of food. No relevant difficulties concerning food crystallisation were encountered. The analysed syrups turned out to be as suitable for winter feeding of bees as sugar and inverted sucrose syrups.

scholarly journals Food consumption and winter mortality in bee colonies wintering in hives made from different materials with lattice and solid bottom

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-275
Author(s):  
I. Zhelyazkova ◽  
S. Lazarov
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Active Season ◽  
Bee Colonies

Abstract. The objective of the present study is to examine the changes in some indicators characterizing the winter hardiness of bee colonies settled in hives made of different material (polystyrene, wood, ceramics) and with different type of bottom (lattice or solid). Some parameters which characterize the wintering of bee colonies (amount of dead bees and quantity of food consumption in winter) have been investigated. The bee colonies were housed in 10-frame Dadant Blatt hives with a lattice and solid bottom situated at the Training Apiary of the Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. Two inspections of the bee colonies were carried out (during wintering in November 2020 and at the beginning of the active season in March 2021). Amount of bees in the bee hive (strength) and amount of capped honey in the honeycombs were reported. In bee colonies wintering in hives with a lattice bottom, the consumption of food per 1 kg of bees was 1.639 kg (50%) higher than in hives with a solid bottom. Winter mortality of bees in hives with a lattice bottom was higher compared to this indicator in the hives with a solid bottom, 16.19±10.72% and 12.59±3.57%, respectively, which can be considered excellent wintering below 15% and good wintering in the range of 15.0-19.99%.

scholarly journals Physical fitness of candidates to the General Tadeusz Kościuszko Military University of Land Forces

2021 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-663
Author(s):  
Dariusz Jamro ◽  
Dariusz Lenart ◽  
Grzegorz Żurek
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Running Speed ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Motor Tests ◽  
The University

The study is to compare the level of comprehensive physical fitness of accepted candidates to the Wrocław military university in 2015 and in 2019 depending on the type of high school completed. The research material was collected from the motor tests conducted during the recruitment process to the Wrocław military university. The study included measurements of endurance, relative strength, running speed and agility, and swimming skills. The level of all analyzed functional traits of candidates admitted to the university in 2015 is statistically significantly higher compared to men accepted to the university in 2019. The type of secondary school completed does not significantly differentiate the level of comprehensive physical fitness of candidates to the Wrocław military university, both in 2015 and 2019. The type of secondary school completed does not significantly differentiate the level of all-round physical fitness of applicants to the Wrocław military university, either in 2015 or 2019.

scholarly journals Economic evaluation of the honey yield from four forest tree species and the future prospect of the forest beekeeping in Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 1037-1045
Author(s):  
Elsamoal Elzaki ◽  
Gang Tian
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Decision Criterion ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Honey Yield

AbstractThe present study is an investigation into beekeeping activity values as land use types practiced in Sudanese forests. The main objectives of the study are to estimate honey yield produced per unit area from four tree species, namely: Acacia seyal, A. nilotica, Ziziphus spina-Christi and Eucalyptus spp. Furthermore, the study aims at estimating its economic value and financial return (US$/hectare) using Return On Investment (ROI) as a decision criterion. In addition, the study aims at identifying the obstacles and constraints which this activity faces. The data were collected through interviews with 96 beekeepers in six selected production areas and a survey of market-related data. A structured questionnaire was used, and a descriptive and comparative analysis carried out. The results indicated that the average annual yield of honey/bee hives is 13 kg, ranging between 10 and 16 kg, and A. seyal showed the highest productivity. Furthermore, the results showed that 15 bee colonies/hectare is more suitable with a return rate of 780 US$/hectare annual income. This result indicates that the productivity of honey yield from forest trees has a considerable economic value and financial return. Thus, these results could be a great incentive to encourage local communities to integrate forest management.

scholarly journals Performance of Bee Colonies Headed by Queens Instrumentally Inseminated with Semen of Drones Who Come from a Single Colony or Many Colonies

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Gerula ◽  
Paweł Węgrzynowicz ◽  
Beata Panasiuk ◽  
Małgorzata Bieńkowska ◽  
Wojciech Skowronek
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Single Colony ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Genetic Diversity Level

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the effect of honey bee worker diversity within the colony on: development, honey productivity, and wintering. Two different levels of diversity within the colony were tested. The appropriate levels of diversity within the colony were obtained by selecting drones for inseminating the queens. Lower genetic diversity was obtained in the colonies headed by a queen inseminated with semen collected from drones originating from a single colony. Higher genetic diversity was obtained in the colonies with queens inseminated with semen from drones of 30 different colonies. Colonies with a higher genetic variation of workers in the colonies had greater levels of functional characteristics. However, apart from the number of dead bees in winter, the genetic diversity level of the workers on the colony development and honey production, did not have a significant influence. There was an averaging effect observed concerning that male component in the colonies with a higher genetic variation of workers - on honey yield, when compared to the non-additive effect of the best drones.

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