scholarly journals Keragaan Dan Keragaman Karakter Agronomi Pada Populasi Intra Dan Inter Famili Dura Elit Koleksi Taman Buah Mekarsari [Variability of Some Agronomic Traits Within and Between Family of Mekarsari Elite Dura Population]

Buletin Palma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azis Natawijaya ◽  
Sintho WA ◽  
Ismail Maskromo ◽  
M. Syukur ◽  
Alex Hartana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Single Family

<p>Genetic variability is a basis for plant genetic improvement. Evaluation of genetic variability in oil palm populations helps breeders in determining traits for selection, determining appropriate selection methods, and identifying promising families. The study was aimed to evaluate the genetic variability within and between family in elite dura population. The research was conducted from January 2014 until December 2016 at Mekarsari Research Station. A total of 287 individuals from 18 different genetic backgrounds were used as research materials. The results showed that the phenotypic variability within and between family are wide. No single family or genotype has any superior characters yet. So a breeding approach is needed to converge all good traits into one genotype or population.</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Variabiltas genetik merupakan dasar untuk perbaikan genetik tanaman. Evaluasi variabilitas genetik pada populasi kelapa sawit membantu pemulia dalam menentukan karakter dan kriteria seleksi, menentukan metode seleksi yang tepat, dan mengidentifikasi famili-famili potensial yang memiliki karakter harapan. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman beberapa karakter agronomi pada populasi kelapa sawit dura elit. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2014 sampai dengan Desember 2016 di Kebun Percobaan PT. Sasaran Ehsan Mekarsari. Total 287 individu yang berasal dari 18 latar belakang genetik yang berbeda digunakan sebagai bahan tanaman untuk penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter agronomi pada populasi dura koleksi Mekarsari menunjukkan keragaman yang tinggi baik intra maupun inter famili. Karakter rasio mesocarp dan jumlah biji per tandan memiliki variasi fenotipe yang terluas dan famili atau genotipe yang memiliki semua karakter unggul belum ada. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pendekatan pemuliaan untuk menghimpun sifat-sifat baik ke dalam satu populasi atau memfiksasi gen-gen yang tersebar di antara famili atau genotipe ke dalam satu populasi<br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals STUDYING SELECTION CRITERIA AND GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR IMPROVEMENT OF INDIGENOUS MAIZE IN PAKISTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (04) ◽  
pp. 819-827
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amir Maqbool
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Yield Penalty

Maize (Zea mays L.) is short duration, high yielding crop, and it can be grown in both spring and kharif seasons in Pakistan. In current study white and yellow maize germplasms were compared for correlations and genetic variability based on different agronomic traits to define selection criteria for maize improvement. Significant differences were observed for yield and related components for entries, checks, all tested genotypes, yellow and white germplasm. Yellow maize genotypes showed higher yield potential compared to white maize genotypes because of more grains per row and number of rows per cob. Based on correlation and path coefficient analysis, yield per plant was proved as appropriate selection criteria for white maize whereas, yield per plant and grains per row were suitable selection criteria for genetic improvement of yellow maize. Total carotenoid contents of yellow maize were independent of the yield so, both can be simultaneously targeted for genetic improvement without paying yield penalty. However, further dissection of genetic variability in yellow maize germplasm based on provitamin A carotenoids is prerequisite. So, far as genotypes, 19189, 15159, 19201, 15018, 15216, 15170, 15155, 19196, 15318 and 19174 among white maize germplasm whereas, 14965, 14982, 19205, 15019, 14971, 15163, 15205, 24687, 15207 and 15194 among yellow maize germplasm were the potential high yielding genotypes. Findings of the study in terms of selection criteria and potential maize genotypes could be useful in different breeding programs for genetic improvement of maize

scholarly journals Selection among and within and combined selection in oil palm families derived from Dura x Dura

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Digner Santiago Ortega Cedillo ◽  
Fábio Medeiros Ferreira ◽  
Willian Silva Barros ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
Luiz Antônio dos Santos Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Perennial Crop ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Combined Selection

Oil palm, in view of the worldwide consumed oil, is a perennial crop of great importance. Nevertheless, the genetic improvement is still incipient. In this study we applied the selection among and within families and the combined selection, based on the phenotypic values and phenotypic performance (Pi statistic), to verify which strategy obtained the highest genetic gains. Five full-sib families were evaluated in randomized blocks, with five replicates and 12 plants per plot, over five years of successive harvests. The total number of bunches and the total fruit yield per year plant-1 were evaluated. Values of 1.00 and 0.25 for the ratio between the environmental variance among plots and the environmental variance among plants within the plot for both traits, respectively, were adequate for the estimation of the genetic parameters. The existence of genetic variability in the population Dura was verified for both evaluated traits. The combined selection, based either on the phenotypic values or on the underlying Pi statistic, resulted in the highest genetic gains. Despite the satisfactory gains since it translates the true yield potential of the evaluated genotypes and their performance stability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oil Palm Germplasm from Senegal and Gambia Using Chemometric Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh H ◽  
Li-Hammed M. A. ◽  
Kushairi A. ◽  
Rajanaidu N. ◽  
Mohd Sukri Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Chemometric Techniques

Estimation of genetic diversity and determination of the relationships between collections are useful strategies for ensuring efficient germplasm collection and utilization. Oil palm germplasm materials collected from Senegal and Gambia maintained at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) Kluang Station were characterized for genetic diversity. A total of 44 agronomic traits of these oil palm materials was subjected to simple statistics to evaluate the genetic variability; a

scholarly journals Morphoagronomic characterization of Lantana camara L. germplasm

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Fernando de Andrade Nascimento ◽  
Arie Fitzgerald Blank ◽  
José Carlos Freitas de Sá Filho ◽  
Katily Luize Garcia Pereira ◽  
Daniela Aparecida de Castro Nizio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
The Mean

The medicinal and aromatic species Lantana camara is a bush that receives a lot of interest regarding ornamental use. However, due to its condition of invasive plant in natural environments, it suffers constant eradication attempts, which causes genetic erosion of the species. To work around this problem, a sample of the genetic variability of L. camara was saved in the Active Germplasm Bank of medicinal and aromatic plants of the Federal University of Sergipe (UFS). This study aimed to evaluate morphoagronomically 22 accessions of L. camara, collected in 15 municipalities in the state of Sergipe. To carry out morphoagronomic characterization, morphological and agronomic traits were analyzed. Phenotypic variability among the accessions of the L. camara collection for all the analyzed morphological quantitative and agronomic characteristics was observed. The means ranged from 4.91 to 6.90 cm for leaf length; from 2.81 to 5.03 cm for leaf width; from 1.32 to 1.87 for the leaf length/width ratio; from 9.59 to 22.98 mm2 for leaf area; from 99.00 to 215.00 cm for crown diameter; from 85.67 to 214.33 for plant height; and from 1.08 to 2.43 cm for stem diameter. Most accessions presented erect form. The mean number of flowers per inflorescence varied from 12 to 38 flowers. For the agronomic traits, we observed that the dry mass ranged from 49.86 to 649.04 g.plant-1. The mean content of essential oil ranged from 0.13 to 0.26% and yield between 0.10 and 1.55 mL.plant-1. The most divergent phenotypic accessions were LAC-001 (São Cristóvão) and LAC-038 (Moita Bonita) and the ones with the lowest divergence were LAC-004 (Itaporanga D'ajuda) and LAC-019 (Siriri). Thus, it was observed that the variables were efficient to differentiate the accessions and suggest the existence of genetic variability among them.  

scholarly journals Agromorphological Characterization Revealed Three Phenotypic Groups in a Region-Wide Germplasm of Fonio (Digitaria exilis (Kippist) Stapf) from West Africa

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1653
Author(s):  
Abdou R. Ibrahim Bio Yerima ◽  
Enoch G. Achigan-Dako ◽  
Mamadou Aissata ◽  
Emmanuel Sekloka ◽  
Claire Billot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Phenotypic Groups ◽  
Group 1

Fonio is an ancient orphan cereal, cultivated by resource-poor farmers in arid and semi-arid regions of West Africa, who conserved and used the cereal for nutrition and income generation. However, the extent and patterns of phenotypic variation within the fonio germplasm remain scarcely evaluated to inform breeding decisions. In this study, we used alpha lattice design to assess the phenotypic variability of 180 fonio accessions using 20 agro morphological descriptors, including both qualitative and quantitative traits at Bengou research station in 2018 and 2019. Descriptive statistics, combined analysis and multivariate analyses, including principal components analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering, and multiple factor analysis (MFA) were performed. As results, we found significant differences among fonio accessions and among agro ecological zones of provenance for most of the quantitative traits. Furthermore, highly significant positive correlations were found between grain yield and other yield-related attributes such as harvest index and thousand seeds weight, whereas significant negative correlations were found between grain yield and flowering and maturity times. Clusters analysis revealed three phenotypic groups. Group 1 was characterized by early maturing fonio accessions with higher grain yield. Groups 2 and 3 were characterized by late maturing accessions with intermediate to moderate grain yield. The accessions from Group 1 are candidate for yield improvement and development of fonio lines with enhanced lodging resistance. Accessions from Group 2 and 3 can be improved for yield through marker-assisted selection of best thousand seed weight. This study highlights how traits are correlated within the major phenotypic groups of fonio in West Africa, and we discussed how these groups could be further exploited for improving traits of economic importance. Furthermore, this study exhibited agro morphological descriptors that discriminate fonio accessions and provide useful information for parental selection with economically important agronomic traits.

Evaluation of some sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality

Helia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Mohamed Aboelkassem ◽  
Asmaa Abd-EL-Halime Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Ali Abdelsatar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Abstract The present investigation was carried out to evaluate agronomic performance and oil quality of seven sunflower genotypes at Shandaweel Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Sohag, Egypt during 2018 and 2019 summer seasons. These genetic materials were sown in a randomized complete block design having three replications. Significant genetic variations among evaluated sunflower genotypes for agronomic traits and oil quality were observed. The superior sunflower genotypes were Line 120 for seed yield per hectare (3102.38 kg), Sakha 53 for seed oil content (44.63 %) and Line 125 for oil quality where it contained the highest proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (89.20 %). The phenotypic coefficients of variation were slightly higher than genotypic coefficients of variation for all studied traits. High heritability (exceeded 60%) and genetic advance as percent of mean (ranged from medium to high, exceeded 10%) was observed for most studied traits. Seed yield per plant positively correlated with plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, and 100-seed weight and most chemical traits at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Maximum phenotypic direct effects on seed yield per plant were observed for 100-seed weight, head diameter and total unsaturated fatty acids. While, the highest genotypic direct effect on seed yield per plant was observed for head diameter. Hence, most studied traits could be employed as selection criteria for improving evaluated sunflower genotypes.

Genetic Improvement of Key Agronomic Traits in Melilotus albus

Crop Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Luo ◽  
M. Z. Z. Jahufer ◽  
Hong Zhao ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Melilotus Albus

Prairie Thunder flax

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Duguid ◽  
K. Y. Rashid ◽  
E. O. Kenaschuk
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Made In

Duguid, S. D., Rashid, K. Y. and Kenaschuk, E. O. 2014. Prairie Thunder flax. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 445–449. Prairie Thunder, medium-maturing oilseed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), was released in 2006 by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research Station, Morden, Manitoba. Developed from the cross AC Watson/FP1043 made in 1995, Prairie Thunder was evaluated in the Flax Cooperative Trials (2002–2004) before being registered in 2006. Prairie Thunder's desirable combination of improved agronomic traits, seed quality and superior wilt (Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. lini (Bolley) Snyder & Hansen) resistance should make this cultivar useful for producers and the flax industry.

scholarly journals Evaluating the genetic variability of rubber hybrid progenies of the two crosses PB260 x RO44/71 and PB260 x RO62/54 by RAPD technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Thien Minh Nguyen ◽  
Tien Thi My Pham
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

The agronomic values of this population have been evaluated in the field experiments based on their phenotypic performance of agronomic traits, but the genetic variability of this population needs to be evaluated via techniques based on genetic material - DNA. In this study, the genetic variability in the investigated population of 71 hybrids and their parents was evaluated by RAPD technique, using eight selected arbitrarily primers; Genetic parameters and dendrogram expressing the genetic relationships among the investigated population were analyzed by GenALEx 6.1, Popgene 1.31 and NTSYSpc 2.1 softwares. Eight primers were used to generate the amplify products on each individual in the investigated population. From 74 genotypes, a total of 109 fragments were generated, among which, there were 89 polymorphic bands representing 81.65% with an average of 11 polymorphic bands/primer. Genetic similarity coefficient among the investigated population, based on DICE coefficient, ranged from 0.560 (LH05/0822 and PB260) to 0.991 (LH05/0781 and LH05/0841) with an average of 0,796, meaning that the genetic distance among ranged from 0.009 to 0.440 with an average of 0.231. The Shannon index and mean heterozygosity values were 0.328 and 0,176, respectively. This indicated that the progenies of the two investigated crosses possessed a relatively high range of genetic variability. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation within population represented 62%, while genetic variation among two different crosses contributes 38% to the total genetic variability. Dendrogram based on DICE’s genetic similarity using UPGMA method showed that the hybrids divide into two major genetic groups (0.75), but the crosses were scattered independently of the hybrid.

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