scholarly journals ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK LAHAN DAN MUTU BIJI PALA (Myristica fragrans Houtt) DAERAH LAMPUNG / Analysis of Land Characteristics and Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Seed Quality of Lampung

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Bariot Hafif ◽  
Rahadian Mawardi ◽  
Joko Susilo Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt

scholarly journals Kinetic Degradation of Myristicin, Elemicin, and Safrole in Encapsulated Banda Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Oleoresin

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Dewi Amrih ◽  
Chusnul Hidayat ◽  
Pudji Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Drying Techniques ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽  
Dark Glass ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Flavoring Agent

Spices, in the form of oleoresin, have advantages as a flavoring agent. Nutmeg oleoresin compounds that play an important role in the formation of nutmeg flavor are myristicin, elemicin, and safrole. These compounds are not stable, so that the quality of oleoresin decreased easily. An alternative to overcome this problem is the encapsulation of oleoresin using spray drying techniques. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of oleoresin with respect to the degradation of myristicin, elemicin, and safrole of nutmeg oleoresin. Microencapsulated nutmeg oleoresin was prepared using 12% WPC and 88% maltodextrin as encapsulate materials. It was stored in dark glass bottles at a various temperature, namely 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C, for 0, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56 and 63 days. The content of myristicin, elemicin, and safrole were analysed. The results showed that myristicin, elemicin, and safrole in the encapsulated nutmeg oleoresin decreased during the storage until 28 days of storage and then they were relatively stable until 63 days. The activation energy of myristicin, elemicin, and safrole were 2.21 kJ/mol.K, 2.71 kJ/mol.K and 3.22 kJ/mol.K, respectively.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Ukuran Bahan terhadap Rendemen dan Kualitas Minyak Biji Pala (Myristica Fragrans Houtt) dengan Metode Soxhletasi

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Andika Saranaung ◽  
Meiske S. Sangi ◽  
Dewa G. Katja
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Peroxide Number ◽  
Value Set ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang mempunyai berbagai jenis tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh manusia, salah satunya ialah tanaman rempah-rempah. Di antara rempah-rempah utama Indonesia, pala merupakan salah satu rempah-rempah yang cukup tinggi nilainya sehingga perlu dikembangkan pemanfaatannya. Tujuannya menentukan rendemen dan kualitas minyak biji pala 60 mesh, 40 mesh, dan 20 mesh yang diambil dari kabupaten kepulauan talaud dengan metode soxhletasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah soxhletasi dengan pelarut n-hexan. Kualitas minyak biji pala diperoleh dengan menguji bilangan asam, bilangan peroksida, bilangan ester, dan kelarutan dalam etanol 90%. Hasil yang diperoleh dengan soxhletasi minyak biji pala rendemennya adalah 60 mesh (39,61%), 40 mesh (37,52%), dan 20 mesh (28,09%). Bilangan asam 60 mesh (3,9777%), 40 mesh (3,8967%), dan 20 mesh (3,4928%). Bilangan peroksida 60 mesh (0,0114%), 40 mesh (0,0118%), dan 20 mesh (0,0149%). Bilangan ester 60 mesh (29,2059%), 40 mesh (30,0777%), dan 20 mesh (31,5288%), dan kelarutan dalam etanol 90% mendekati nilai yang ditetapkan SNI yaitu 1:1. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak biji pala paling banyak adalah 60 mesh dan kualitas minyak terbaik adalah 20 mesh.Indonesia is a country which has various types of plants that can be utilized by humans one of plants is a spice plant. Among the main spices of Indonesia, nutmeg is one of the spices that is high enough value so that it needs to be developed utilization. The purpose of this research is to determine the rendemen and  its quality of nutmeg seed oil of 60 mesh, 40 mesh, and 20 mesh taken from talaud islands by soxhletasi method with n-hexan solvent. The quality of nutmeg seed oil obtained by testing acid number, peroxide number, ester number, and solubility in ethanol 90%. The results obtained with soxhletasi of nutmeg seed oil are 60 mesh (39,61%), 40 mesh (37,52%), and 20 mesh (28,09%). Acid numbers are 60 mesh (3,9777%), 40 mesh (3,8967%), and 20 mesh (3,4928%). Peroxide numbers are 60 mesh (0,0114%), 40 mesh (0,0118%), and 20 mesh (0,0149%). The ester numbers are 60 mesh (29,2059%), 40 mesh (30,0777%), and 20 mesh (31,5288%), and the solubility in ethanol is 90% close to the value set by the SNI that is 1:1. The results show that the rendement of 60 mesh nutmeg seed oil is most and the best quality oil is 20 mesh

scholarly journals Pengaruh Lama Penyulingan terhadap Rendemen dan Mutu Minyak Atsiri pada Biji Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Fadillah Ramadhanti Rangkuti ◽  
Raida Agustina ◽  
Mustaqimah Mustaqimah ◽  
Mustafril Mustafril
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
The Other ◽  
A Value ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Weight Value ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽  
Index Value

Abstrak. Pala merupakan salah satu tanaman rempah yang menghasilkan minyak atsiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama penyulingan terhadap rendemen dan mutu minyak biji pala. Variasi perlakuan yang digunakan adalah lama penyulingan yaitu 0-3 jam, 3-6 jam, 6-9 jam, 9-12 jam, 12-15 jam, 15-18 jam, 18-21 jam, 21-24 jam, 24-27 jam, dan 27-30 jam. Analisis karakteristik yang dilakukan meliputi rendemen, bobot jenis, indeks bias dan kelarutan dalam alkohol. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapat rendemen minyak pala yang bervariasi, tergantung dari lama penyulingan. Pada jam ke 3 menghasilkan rendemen yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan jam yang lain, dimana rendemen minyak pala pada jam ke 3 didapat sebesar 5,58 % sedangkan rendemen yang paling rendah terdapat pada jam ke 30 dengan hasil sebesar 0.12%. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan rendemen kumulatif yang didapat dari range waktu 0-3, 3-6, 6-9, 9-12, 12-15, 15-18, 18-21, 21-24, 24-27, dan 27-30 adalah sebesar 10, 48 %. Nilai bobot jenis minyak pala yang diperoleh dari hasil penyulingan pada jam ke 24 menunjukkan angka yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan hasil yang lainnya dengan nilai 0,936 dan tidak memenuhi standar SNI. Sedangkan yang paling rendah terdapat pada jam ke 3 dengan nilai 0.872 yang juga tidak sesuai dengan standar SNI. Penyulingan dengan nilai bobot jenis yang sesuai dengan standar SNI terdapat pada jam ke 6 dengan nilai 0,902. Nilai indeks bias yang tinggi didapatkan pada jam ke 12- 15, 18-21, 21-24 dan 24- 27 dengan nilai 1,496 dan memenuhi standar SNI sedangkan pada jam ke 3-6 diperoleh nilai indeks bias sebesar 1,436 dan tidak memenuhi standar SNI. Tingkat kelarutan dalam alkohol 90% minyak pala yang dihasilkan dari 6 jam sampai 30 jam adalah sama, yaitu jernih yang diuji dengan perbandingan 1:3 dan sudah sesuai standar SNI sedangkan pada ke 3 jam hasilnya adalah opalisensi yaitu tidak keruh dan tidak jernih. Effect of Old Distillation on Rendemen and Quality of Essential Oils on Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Abstract. Nutmeg is one of the herbs that produce essential oil. This study aims to determine the effect of distillation on rendemen and quality of nutmeg oil. The variation of treatment used was the distillation time of 0-3 hours, 3-6 hours, 6-9 hours, 9-12 hours, 12-15 hours, 15-18 hours, 18-21 hours, 21-24 hours, 24- 27 hours, and 27-30 hours. Characteristic analyzes performed include rendemen, species weight, refractive index and solubility in alcohol. The results of the research have been obtained the yield of various nutmeg oil, depending on the length of distillation. At third hours it produces a higher yield compared to the other hour, where the yield of nutmeg oil at third hourswas5.58%, while the lowest yield was at 30thhours with a yield of 0.12%. Based on the results of cumulative rendemen calculations obtained from the range of time 0-3, 3-6, 6-9, 9-12, 12-15, 15-18, 18-21, 21-24, 24-27, and 27-30 was 10, 48%. The weight value of nutmeg oil obtained from the distillation at 24 hours indicates a higher rate than the other results with a value of 0.936 and didn't meet the SNI standard. While the lowest was at third hours with a value of 0.872 which was also not in accordance with SNI standards. Distillation with value of weight of type according to SNI standard is at 6th hours with value 0,902. High refractive index values were obtained at 12 to 15, 18-21, 21-24 and 24-27 hours with a value of 1.496 and met the SNI standard while at 3-6 hours the refractive index value was 1.436 and did not meet the SNI standard. The solubility rate in 90% alcohol of nutmeg oil produced from 6th hours to 30th hours is the same, that was clear tested with ratio of 1: 3 and was accordance with SNI standard while in 3 hours the result is opalisensi that is not cloudy and not clear.

scholarly journals ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI KOMPONEN KIMIA MINYAK ASIRI DAGING BUAH DAN FULI BERDASARKAN UMUR BUAH PALA (MYRISTICA FRAGRANS HOUTT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Angreni B. Liunokas ◽  
Ferry F. Karwur
Keyword(s):  
Information Source ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt

Abstrak: Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) sebagai bioreaktor hayati menghasilkan produk utama minyak asiri bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang tersebar pada bagian-bagian buahnya. Minyak asiri pala tersusun oleh kelompok besar terpenoid dan fenilpropanoid yang memiliki konsentrasi terkecil namun sebagai indikator mutu minyak pala. Penelitian tentang isolasi dan identifikasi komponen kimia minyak asiri daging buah dan fuli pala, telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium CARC UKSW Salatiga dan Laboratorium Terpadu UII Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen kimia minyak asiri daging buah dan fuli pala berdasarkan tahapan perkembangan buah dan isolasi miristisin sebagai indikator dari kualitas minyak pala. Minyak asiri diperoleh dengan metode ekstraksi kemudian di analisis komponennya menggunakan Kromatografi Gas Spektrometri Massa (GC-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komponen kimia terbesar dari minyak asiri daging buah pala secara berturut-turut yaitu tahap pertama miristisin 36.05% pada retensi 11.57 menit, tahap kedua dan keempat α-pinen 39.16%; 34.64% retensi 3.53 menit, tahap ketiga sabinen 33.88% pada retensi 3.99 menit. Sedangkan pada minyak fuli tahap pertama hingga keempat yaitu sabinen 38.72%; 37.51%; 36.24%; 28.93% pada waktu retensi 3.99. Berdasarkan analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa komponen senyawa yang dominan pada daging buah dan fuli yaitu miristisin, sabinen, α-pinen, β-pinen yang berkontribusi bagi aroma khas pada pala. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber informasi penting dalam menghasilkan minyak asiri dengan kualitas baik dengan kandungan miristisin terbanyak.Kata Kunci : M. fragrans Houtt; isolasi; daging buah, fuli, minyak asiriAbstract: Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) as a natural bioreactor produces the main product that is aetheric oil with a high economic value which is scattered on the parts of the fruit. Aetheric oil consists of a big group of terpenoid and phenylpropanoid which has the smallest concentration but functions as the indicator of nutmeg oil quality. The research about isolation and identification of chemical components of aetheric oil of pulp and mace has been conducted in CARC Laboratory of UKSW Salatiga and Integrated Laboratory of UII Yogyakarta. This current research aims at knowing the components of aetheric oil of nutmeg pulp and mace based on the development stages of the fruit and myristicin isolation as the indicator of the quality of nutmeg oil. Aetheric oil is formed by the extraction method. Then the components are analyzed by using Mass Spectrometry Gass Chromatography (GC-MS). The result of the research shows that respectively the biggest chemical component of aetheric oil consists of the first stage myristicin 36.05% on retention 11.57 minutes, second stage and fourth stage α-pinene 39.16%; 34.64% on retention 3.53 minutes, the third stage sabinene 33.88% on retention 3.99 minutes. Meanwhile on the mace oil, the first to the fourth stage is sabinene 38.72%; 37.51%; 36.24%; 28.93% on retention 3.99. Based on the analysis of GC-MS, it is shown that the most dominant compound components of pulp and mace are myristicin, sabinene, α-pinene, and β-pinene which contribute to the typical scent of nutmeg. The result of the research is expected to be used as an important information source in resulting in aetheric oil with good quality with the most myristicin content.Keywords: Myristica fragrans Houtt; isolation; pulp, mace, aetheric oil

Yield and Seed quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) as affected by variety, nitrogen level and harvesting time

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Shahnaj Yesmina ◽  
Moushumi Akhtarb ◽  
Belal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Vigour Index

The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of variety, nitrogen level and harvesting time on yield and seed quality of barley. The treatments used in the experiment consisted of two varieties viz. BARI Barley 4 and BARI Barley 5, three harvesting time viz. 35, 40 and 45 Days after Anthesis (DAA) and nitrogen levels viz. 0, 70, 85 and 100 kg N ha-1 . The experiment was laid out in a spilt- spilt-plot design with three replications assigning the variety to the main plot, harvesting time to the sub-plots and nitrogen level to the sub-sub plots. Variety had significant effects on the all yield attributes except fertile seeds spike-1 . Seed quality parameters viz. normal seeds spike-1 , deformed seeds spike-1 , germination (%) and vigour index were statistically significant. The variety BARI Barley 5 produced higher grain yield and seed quality than BARI Barley 4. Grain yield from BARI Barley 5 and BARI Barley 4 were 4.59 t ha-1 and 4.24 t ha-1 , respectively. Significantly, the highest 1000-seed weight (46.90 g) was produced by BARI Barley 5 than (37.90 g) BARI Barley 4. The result revealed that harvesting time had significant effect on yield and yield attributes and seed quality parameters. Seed yield was highest (4.65 t ha-1 ) when the crop harvested at 40 DAA and it was increased linearly from 35 DAA. Maximum quality seed and 1000-seed weight (43.20 g) was obtained when the crop harvested at 40 DAA. All the yields, yield attributes and seed quality parameters were significantly influenced by nitrogen levels. The highest grain yield (5.14 t ha-1 ) was obtained when BARI Barley 5 variety was fertilized by 100 kg N ha-1 and the lowest (3.14 t ha-1 ) was obtained from control treatments. Normal seeds spike-1 , vigour index, germination (%) were better at 85 kg N ha-1 in variety of BARI Barley 5 than BARI Barley 4. So it can be concluded that BARI Barley 5 showed better result when fertilized with 100 kg N ha-1 and harvested at 40 DAA for getting maximum yield and 85 kg N ha-1 and harvested at 40 DAA for getting better quality seed.

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activity of Myristica fragrans Houtt (Myristicaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Arifur Rahman Chowdhury ◽  
Manirujjaman . ◽  
Md Mazedul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt

Objective: Myristica fragrans Houtt commonly used as traditional medicine for alleviating of various disorders. The purpose of our study was to map out the in vitro antioxidant property and in vivo anti-hyperglycemic and analgesic effect of the methanolic extract of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (Seed and mace) (Myristicaceae) on Swiss albino mice. Methods: The processed powder of Myristica fragrans Houtt (seed and mace) were subjected to methanolic extraction by soxhlet filtration methods, and the desiccated extract was used for screening of antioxidant by DPPH free radical scavenging assessment as well as total phenolic content by using folin-ciocalteu reagent.Anti-hyperglycemic effect and analgesic action tested through alloxan induced antidiabetics test and acetic acid-tempted writhing test on mice. Results: In DPPH free radical scavenging assessment, free radicals neutralization expressed as % of inhibition 49.69±0.06% also by IC50 values as 68.43 µg/ml surmise middle level of antioxidant property. The total phenolic content expressed as 186.25 mg/g equivalent of gallic acid indicates, active phenolic content. Oral administration of 200 and 400 mg/kg of extract dose and reference drug vildagliptin (50 mg/kg) for the duration of the 4-day study period, and initiated % of inhibition the blood glucose level measured as 22.48%, 44.78% and 62.02% regard as the significant anti-hyperglycemic properties. The analgesic activity was investigated by using the acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice, at the dose of 200 mg/kg body and 400mg/kg weight, and resulting 50.4% and 68.10% correspondingly, which was considerably significant with a standard drug. Conclusion: The present study suggests that methanolic extract of seed and mace of Myristica fragrans Houtt can manage moderate oxidative stress as well as perform the painkilling action. Besides, prolong medication may enhance the new dimension of anti-hyperglycemic activity.

Karekteristik Mikrokapsul Oleoresin Fuli Pala (Myristica Fragrans Houtt) Yang Dienkapsulasi Dengan Gum Arab

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alston Millan
Keyword(s):  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt

<p align="center"> </p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p>Tujuan<strong> </strong>penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh formulasi berbagai total padatan yang terdiri dari gum Arab sebagai enkapsulan dan oleoresin fuli pala sebagai core terhadap karakteristik mikrokapsul yang dihasilkan. Variasi formulasi oleoresin fuli pala dan gum arab yang dicobakan adalah A1 (5%), A2 (10%), A3 (15%), A4 (20%) dan A5 (20%). Pembentukan emulsi dilakukan dengan <em>Turrax homogenizer</em> dengan kecepatan 4000 rpm selama 5 menit. Pembentukan mikrokapsul dilakukan dengan menggunakan pengering semprot (<em>spray</em> <em>dryer</em>) dengan suhu inlet dan outlet masing-masing 110<sup>0</sup>C dan 62<sup>0</sup>C. Mikrokapsul yang dihasilkan dianalisis karakteristiknya yang meliputi rendemen mikrokapsul, kadar oleoresin terkapsulkan, kadar oleoresin tak terkapsulkan, kadar air, <em>engel of repose,</em> <em>wettability</em> dan rehidrasi, aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode <em>RSA (radikal scavenging activity) DPPH (2-2Dhpypenil-2 Picrylhydrazil)</em> dan kromatografi gas-spektrometri massa (GC-MS). Mikrokapsul yang terbaik diperoleh dengan variasi formulasi oleoresin fuli pala dan gum arab adalah  A1 (5%). Sifat mikrokapsul yang diperoleh menpunyai rendemen mikrokapsul 24,68%, oleoresin terkapsulkan 92,68%, oleoresin tak terkapsulkan 7,607%, kadar air 8,444%, <em>angel of repose</em> 19,083 (<sup>0</sup>), <em>wettability</em> 5,9 (menit), aktivitas antioksidan (IC<sub>50)</sub> 1032 ppm dan kromatografi gas-spektrometri massa (GC-MS) dengan komponen terbesar penyusun mikrokapsul oleoresin fuli pala yaitu <em>sabinene hexane, 4-methylene-1-, myristycin, phenol 2,6 dimetoksi-4-2 (2-peopenil), phenol, 2-metoksi-4-(propennyl).</em>

Influence of Environment on Seed Quality of Four Cotton Cultivars 1

Crop Science ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Turner ◽  
H. H. Ramey ◽  
Smith Worley
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality

scholarly journals Using Regulatory Flexibility to Address Market Informality in Seed Systems: A Global Study

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 377
Author(s):  
Katrin Kuhlmann ◽  
Bhramar Dey
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Regulatory Flexibility

Seed rules and regulations determine who can produce and sell seeds, which varieties will be available in the market, the quality of seed for sale, and where seed can be bought and sold. The legal and regulatory environment for seed impacts all stakeholders, including those in the informal sector, through shaping who can participate in the market and the quality and diversity of seed available. This paper addresses a gap in the current literature regarding the role of law and regulation in linking the informal and formal seed sectors and creating more inclusive and better governed seed systems. Drawing upon insights from the literature, global case studies, key expert consultations, and a methodology on the design and implementation of law and regulation, we present a framework that evaluates how regulatory flexibility can be built into seed systems to address farmers’ needs and engage stakeholders of all sizes. Our study focuses on two key dimensions: extending market frontiers and liberalizing seed quality control mechanisms. We find that flexible regulatory approaches and practices play a central role in building bridges between formal and informal seed systems, guaranteeing quality seed in the market, and encouraging market entry for high-quality traditional and farmer-preferred varieties.

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