scholarly journals Recent Archeological Investigations at the Jewett Mine, East-Central Texas

1989 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
East Central ◽  
Settlement Systems ◽  
Trinity River ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
Lignite Mine ◽  
Central Texas ◽  
Mine Sites ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Shed Light

The Jewett Mine is a ca. 21, 000-acre lignite mine in the post oak savannah of Freestone, Leon, and Limestone counties, Texas. The project area straddles the divide between the Navasota River valley on the west and the Trinity River valley on the east and lies at the western margin of the Caddoan area . Although residential use of the area by the Caddo has not been documented, many sites have yielded small quantities of Caddoan pottery, and it is likely that cultures indigenous to the region were affected by the development of Caddoan culture not far to the east. For reference, the George C. Davis Site (41CE19) lies only 95 km to the east-northeast. In addition to contributing information about the interaction between Caddoan and neighboring groups in the central part of East Texas, the Jewett Mine sites, by virtue of their location in the Eastern Woodlands but outside of the Caddoan area proper, have the potential to shed light on such topics as regional Caddoan settlement systems and the origins of Caddo culture.

scholarly journals Aboriginal Ceramic Wares from Sites in the Yegua Creek Drainage of the Brazos River Basin, East Central Texas

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Perttul
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Brazos River ◽  
East Central ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
Central Texas ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Ceramic Sherd ◽  
Trade And Exchange

Sherds from aboriginally-made ceramic vessels have been recovered on sites dating after ca. 2000 years B.P. in the Yegua Creek drainage of the Brazos River basin in the Post Oak Savannah of Burleson, Lee, and Washington counties in east central Texas (Figure 1). These sherds are from several different wares, including sandy paste Goose Creek Plain sherds made by Mossy Grove peoples, ancestral Caddo tempered and decorated wares made in East Texas, bone-tempered sandy paste wares that may be representative of a local ceramic tradition, and bone-tempered sherds from Leon Plain vessels made by Central Texas Toyah phase peoples. None of the ceramic sherd assemblages from the 18 sites discussed herein are substantial, ranging only from 1-72 sherds per site (with an average of only 13.3 sherds per site), indicating that the use (much less their manufacture) of ceramic vessels by Post Oak Savannah aboriginal peoples was not of much significance in their way of life, but may signify interaction, trade, and exchange between them and other cultures, such as the Caddo, inland and coastal Mossy Grove, and Toyah phase peoples that relied on ceramic vessel manufacture and use as key parts of their subsistence pursuits. It is likely that the benefits of trade (ceramics being just one of the items that was being traded) between these different peoples was to help establish cooperative alliances, and reduce competition and violence in the region, and such alliances were established and maintained by aboriginal peoples over a long period of time in the region.

Response of Herbaceous Vegetation in East-Central Texas to Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Meyer ◽  
Rodney W. Bovey
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Grass Cover ◽  
Herbaceous Vegetation ◽  
East Central ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Central Texas

Twenty herbicides were applied to a rangeland pasture in the Post Oak Savannah Resource Area of Texas in April 1978 and May 1979. At time of treatment, total vegetation cover was 88 to 100%, with 36% grasses and 52 to 64% broadleaf cover. From May 31 through September, total, grass, and broadleaf covers were 89 to 100, 51 to 65, and 27 to 44%, respectively. One to 2 months after treatment, grass cover generally increased except where certain herbicides, particularly bromacil (5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-6-methyluracil), dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid), glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine], or hexazinone [3-cyclohexyl-6-(dimethylamino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4 (1H, 3H)-dione] had been applied. By September or October in the year of application only dalapon consistently reduced grass cover. In the year following treatment, grass cover was still reduced on the dalapon-treated plots. Most herbicides reduced broadleaf cover in the year of treatment. Broadleaf cover returned most rapidly to those areas treated with dalapon. During the year following treatment, broadleaf cover remained low on plots treated with picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid), 2,4,5-T [(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], and picloram + 2,4,5-T. For plots treated in 1978, the grass and broadleaf standing-crop weights of untreated plots were 490 and 450 kg/ha, respectively, in October 1978, and 2707 and 1033 kg/ha in October 1979. In 1978, grass weight increased with several herbicide treatments whereas only dalapon increased the broadleaf weight. For plots treated in May 1979 and harvested in September 1979, grass and broadleaf standing-crop weights of untreated plots were 2629 and 607 kg/ha, respectively.

scholarly journals The Doug Martin Site (41AN88), a Late Caddo Period Frankston Phase Settlement in the Trinity River Basin in East Texas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
East Texas ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Trinity River ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
The University ◽  
Work Done ◽  
The Trinity

The Doug Martin site (41AN88) is a Late Caddo period Frankston phase settlement on a southern-flowing tributary to the Trinity River in the Post Oak Savannah of East Texas (Figure 1). Several avocational archaeologists from the Palestine, Texas, area, principally including Clyde Amick, worked at the site in the early 1980s, and donated a collection of artifacts from the site, along with some information about the work done there, to the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin (TARL) in November 1985.

scholarly journals The Newt Smith Site (41HE78), Henderson County, Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
East Texas ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Trinity River ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
The University ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Habitation Site

The Newt Smith site (41HE78) is probably an ancestral Caddo cemetery and habitation site in the Coon Creek valley of the Post Oak Savannah in the Trinity River basin in East Texas. In April 1931, a Mrs. A. G. Hughes of Poynor, Texas, donated a single Caddo vessel to The University of Texas. That vessel is in the collections of the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin (TARL).

scholarly journals The Caddo Occupation of the L. B. Miller Farm (41HE4/55) in the Post Oak Savanna and Trinity River Basin in East Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Oak Savanna ◽  
East Texas ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Trinity River ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
The University ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Habitation Site

The L. B. Miller Farm site (41HE4/55) is a Late Caddo period Frankston phase Caddo habitation site and small cemetery on an upland landform (400 ft. amsl) in the Coon Creek-Catfish Creek drainage in the Post Oak Savannah of the Trinity River basin. The ancestral Caddo artifact collections from the site at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin (TARL) include four vessels from a burial feature, sherds from two unreconstructed ceramic jars found in habitation contexts, and 178 ceramic sherds from midden deposits.

scholarly journals The 7-J Ranch Site (41HO4) in the Post Oak Savannah of East Texas, Houston County, Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Channel ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
East Texas ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Trinity River ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
The University ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Habitation Site ◽  
Organic Remains

The 7-J Ranch site (41HO4) is a multi-component Woodland period and Early Caddo period habitation site on a natural rise in the Trinity River floodplain in the Post Oak Savannah of East Texas. It is in an area of the middle reaches of the Trinity River where Woodland period sites (dating from ca. 500 B.C. to A.D. 800) are notably common on alluvial landforms, in particular Holocene Terrace-1 and alluvial rise landforms. The site appears to be a midden mound built up from the accumulations of habitation debris along the edge of the modern floodplain and the modern river channel. The midden mound is between 2-3 m in height and may cover as much as a 90 x 45 m area. The midden soil has been described as a black sandy soil with abundant amounts of preserved organic remains. The 7-J Ranch site has received no excavations since it was first recorded in the early 1960s, but several surface collections have been obtained from the site by University of Texas archaeologists in 1960, 1962, and 1977. These collections are curated at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin.

scholarly journals A multi-proxy assessment of terrace formation in the lower Trinity River valley, Texas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hima J. Hassenruck-Gudipati ◽  
Thaddeus S. Ellis ◽  
Timothy A. Goudge ◽  
David Mohrig
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Lateral Migration ◽  
Trinity River ◽  
Fluvial Terraces ◽  
The Trinity

Abstract. A proposed null hypothesis for fluvial terrace formation is that internally generated or autogenic processes such as lateral migration and river-bend cutoff produce variabilities in channel incision that lead to the abandonment of floodplain segments as terraces. Alternatively, fluvial terraces have the potential to record past environmental changes from external forcings that include temporal changes in sea-level and hydroclimate. Terraces in the Trinity River valley have been previously characterized as Deweyville groups and interpreted to record episodic cut and fill during late Pleistocene sea-level variations. Our study uses high-resolution topography of a bare-earth digital elevation model derived from airborne lidar surveys along ~88 linear km of the modern river valley. We measure both differences in terrace elevations and widths of paleo-channels preserved on these terraces in order to have two independent constraints on terrace formation mechanisms. For 52 distinct terraces, we quantify whether there is a clustering of terrace elevations – expected for allogenic terrace formation tied to punctuated sea-level and/or hydroclimate change – by comparing variability in a chosen set of terrace elevations against variability associated with randomly selected terrace sets. Results show Deweyville groups record an initial valley floor abandoning driven by allogenic forcing, which transitions into autogenic forcing for the formation of younger terraces. For 79 paleo-channel segments preserved on these terraces, we connected observed changes in paleo-channel widths to estimates for river paleo-hydrology over time. Our measurements suggest the discharge of the Trinity River has changed systematically by a factor of ~2 during the late Pleistocene. Methods introduced here combine river-reach scale observations of terrace sets and paleohydrology with local observations of adjacent terrace-elevation change and paleo-channel bend number to show how interpretations of allogenic versus autogenic terrace formation can be evaluated within a single river system.

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