scholarly journals Suicidal ideation, attempt, and determinants among medical students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
getachew tesfaw desalegn ◽  
Mesele Wondie ◽  
Saron Dereje ◽  
Adanech Addisu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background: Suicidal ideation and attempts are highly prevalent among medical students compared to the general population and negatively impacts the quality of life, physical, and mental well being of students. However, research into suicidal ideation and attempts among medical students in low and middle-income countries are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the suicidal ideation and attempts and associated factors among medical students in Ethiopia. Methods : An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 393 medical students from March to June 2019 at the University of Gondar in Ethiopia. A simple random sampling technique used to get study units by their identification card. Suicidal ideation and attempts were assessed by using World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to assess lifetime suicidal ideation and attempt during medical school. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated factors between suicidal ideation and attempts with the explanatory variables at P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 393 study participants were interviewed with a response rate of 92.9%. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts among study participants were found to be 14% and 7.4% with 95% CI (10.9, 18.1) and (5.1, 10.2), respectively. In multivariate logistic regression; female sex (AOR: 5.21, 95% CI: 2.42, 11.20), depression (AOR: 10.12, 95% CI; 4.80, 21.52), current khat chewing (AOR: 4.46, 95% CI; 132, 15.02), and poor social support (AOR: 4.46, 95% CI: 1.43, 13.87) were factors significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Being female (AOR: 8.08, 95% CI: 3.04, 21.39), depression (AOR: 10.66, 95% CI; 4.01, 28.01 ), and history of mental illness (AOR: 5.53, 95% CI; 1.20, 25.50) were factors significantly associated with suicide attempts. Conclusions : In the current study, the prevalence of suicidal ideation among medical students was low compared to other studies, but the suicide attempt was high. Ethiopian medical students better to instate a screening program for every medical student for early detection and intervention of suicidal ideation and attempt. Keywords: Suicidal Ideation, Attempt, Medical Students, Prevalence, Ethiopia

scholarly journals Suicidal ideation, attempt, and determinants among medical students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Tesfaw Desalegn ◽  
Mesele Wondie ◽  
Saron Dereje ◽  
Adanech Addisu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The University

Abstract Background Suicidal ideation and attempt are highly prevalent among medical students compared to the general population and negatively impacts the quality of life, physical, and mental well being of students. However, research into suicidal ideation and attempt among medical students in low and middle-income countries are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the suicide ideation and attempt and associated factors among medical students in Ethiopia.Methods An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2019 at the University of Gondar among medical students. A simple random sampling technique used to get study units by their identification card. Suicide ideation and attempt were assessed by using World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to assess suicide ideation and attempt. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors between suicidal ideation and attempt with the explanatory variables at p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempt among study participants was found to be 14% and 7.4% with 95% CI (10.9, 18.1) and (5.1, 10.2), respectively. In multivariate logistic regression; female sex (AOR: 5.21, 95% CI: 2.42, 11.20), depression (AOR: 10.12, 95% CI; 4.80, 21.52), current khat chewing (AOR: 4.46, 95% CI; 132, 15.02), and poor social support (AOR: 4.46, 95% CI: 1.43, 13.87) were factors significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Being female (AOR: 8.08, 95% CI: 3.04, 21.39), depression (AOR: 10.66, 95% CI; 4.01, 28.01 ) and history of mental illness (AOR: 5.53, 95% CI; 1.20, 25.50) were factors significantly associated with suicidal attempt.Conclusion In the current study, the prevalence of suicidal ideation among medical students was low compared to other studies, but the suicidal attempt was high. The University of Gondar better to instate a screening program for every medical student for early diagnosis and intervention of suicide ideation and attempt.

scholarly journals Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Gizachew Tilahun Belete ◽  
Assefa Lake Fenta ◽  
Mohammed Seid Hussen
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Study Participants

Introduction. Xerophthalmia is a general term applied to all the ocular manifestations from night blindness through complete corneal destruction (keratomalacia) due to vitamin A deficiency. Xerophthalmia is the main contributing factors for childhood blindness in developing countries. However, there is limited evidence that can implicate the current situation. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of xerophthalmia and associated factors among school-age children in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 490 children, age range of 6 to 12 years. The study participants were selected through systematic random sampling method. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and ophthalmic examination with different ophthalmic instruments. The analyzed result was summarized and presented using descriptive statistics. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with xerophthalmia. Variables with a p value of <0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis were considered as statistically significant. Results. A total of 484 study participants with a response rate of 98.8 were involved in this study, and their median age was 8 years with IQR of 4 years. The prevalence of xerophthalmia was 8.26% (95% CI: 5.8, 10.7). Family income less than 1000 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 4.65, 95% CI: 1.31, 16.4), presence of febrile illness (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.49, 6.11), poor consumption of fruits and vegetables (AOR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.30, 7.80), and nonimmunized status (AOR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.49, 7.89) were significantly associated with xerophthalmia. Conclusions and recommendations. The prevalence of xerophthalmia was high as compared to the World Health Organization criteria for public health significance. Factors identified for xerophthalmia in this study are low income, the poor dietary practice of fruits and vegetables, and the presence of febrile illness and not immunized. Hence, it is a public problem that needs attention.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anxiety towards COVID-19 and its associated factors among healthcare workers in a Hospital of Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243022
Author(s):  
Simegnew Kibret ◽  
Diriba Teshome ◽  
Efrem Fenta ◽  
Metages Hunie ◽  
Tadese Tamire
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Family Members ◽  
World Health ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Health Organization

Background The World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. Healthcare workers are directly involved in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care of patients with COVID-19.This study aims to assess the prevalence of anxiety and its associated factors towards the COVID-19 outbreak among healthcare workers in a Hospital of Ethiopia. Methods A Hospital-based survey study was conducted on a total of 305 Healthcare workers in a Hospital of Ethiopia. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze data between independent variables with anxiety. Variables with a p-value of <0.2 were transformed into multivariate analysis. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI, p-values of <0.05 were used to show the strength of association and level of significance. Results The prevalence of CVID-19 anxiety was 63%. In multivariate logistic regression, age of 30–39 (AOR, 3.05; 95% CI, (1.70, 5.47) and age of ≥40 (AOR, 11.32; 95% CI (3.37, 37.98), being married (AOR, 3.56; 95% CI, (2.30, 6.38), having chronic illness (AOR, 3.43; 95% CI, (1.59,7.43), having suspected COVID-19 family members (AOR, 5.20; 95% CI, (2.11, 12.78), and not having an access to PPEs (AOR, 2.55; 95% CI, (1.43, 4.56) were statistically significantly associated with anxiety. Conclusion Being married, having a chronic illness, having suspected COVID-19 family members, not having access to PPEs, and age greater than or equal to 30 years were identified as risk factors for anxiety of Healthcare Workers towards COVID-19.

scholarly journals Gender differences in suicide attempts: preliminary results of the multisite intervention study on suicidal behavior (SUPRE-MISS) from Campinas, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Stefanello ◽  
Carlos Filinto da Silva Cais ◽  
Marisa Lúcia Fabrício Mauro ◽  
Gisleine Vaz Scavacini de Freitas ◽  
Neury José Botega
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women

OBJECTIVE: To identify sociodemographic, psychosocial and clinical differences between men and women who attempted suicide and were seen at a university general hospital. METHOD: This is a non-controlled cross-sectional study, sub-project of the Multisite Intervention Study on Suicidal Behavior by the World Health Organization. A standardized interview that comprised psychometric scales was used. The comparison between genders was made by means of uni and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: 210 subjects (68.1% women) participated. Women had worse scores on the WHO Well-Being Index (p = 0.005), the Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.01) and the Psychiatric Disability Assessment Schedule (p = 0.03). In the multivariate logistic regression, men presented more mental disorders due to alcohol and drug use (26.1% vs 7%, p = 0.02) and used alcohol at the suicide attempt more frequently (28.3% vs 16%, p = 0.03). Men reported that most of the time they had been feeling "active and vigorous" (50% vs 22%, p < 0.001). Women had had more physical and sexual abuse (27% vs 8.7%, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: There are some distinctive characteristics between men and women who attempt suicide. Such differences may also be present in the general population and suggest there is a need for further studies, as well as the adoption of different strategies in suicide prevention for men and women.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Associated Factors of Medical Students Regarding Radiation Exposure from Common Diagnostic Imaging Procedures at the University of Gondar, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagnachew Eyachew Amare ◽  
Henok Dagne
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
P Value ◽  
Imaging Procedures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The University

BACKGROUND: Physicians’ knowledge about radiation exposure and risks was previously reported as inadequate. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess knowledge and associated factors regarding radiation exposure among medical students from common diagnostic imaging procedures at the University of Gondar.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge and associated factors regarding radiation exposure among medical students. A total of 473 medical students (first through sixth years of study) completed a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multi-variable binary logistic regression was used to see the factors associated with knowledge of medical students on radiation sources, exposure and risks. Variables with p-value < 0.2 during the bivariable binary logistic regression were tested in the multivariable binary logistic regression. P-value<0.05 was used to declare significant association at the final model.RESULTS: Response rate was 100%. Two hundred fifteen (45.5% 95% confidence interval (CI )(41.0%-50.3%)) participants had good knowledge regarding radiation exposure from diagnostic imaging procedures. Only 177(37.4%) participants correctly knew that Computer Tomography (CT) use X-ray. However, subjects incorrectly named magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as if it used x-ray (12.1%) and source of ionizing radiation (19.5%). Being female [Adjusted-odds-ratio (AOR)=1.57,95% CI(1.05,2.36)], 18-20 years of age [AOR=2.18, 95% CI(1.26, 3.76)], and 1st to 3rd year of study [AOR=3.64, 95% CI(2.23,5.95)] were predictors of knowledge identified.CONCLUSION: The results highlight that medical students need to be trained well with sufficient radiological education that enable them later to adhere to safe practices.

Violencia en el hogar contra mujeres adultas durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de Covid-19 en México

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6, Nov-Dic) ◽  
pp. 782-788
Author(s):  
Rosario Valdez-Santiago ◽  
Aremis Litai Villalobos-Hernández ◽  
Luz Arenas-Monreal ◽  
Karla Flores ◽  
Luciana Ramos-Lira
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
National Representation ◽  
Low Levels

Objective. To analyze the prevalence of domestic violence in adult women during confinement derived from the Co­vid-19 pandemic and individual, familiar and communitarian associated factors. Materials and methods. A second­ary analysis was carried out the 2020 National Health and Nutrition Survey on Covid-19, with national representation. A logistic regression model adjusted for the variables of interest was performed. Results. The prevalence was 5.8%. The most reported acts were shouting, insults or threats (4.3%). Most of the women who reported some type of violence in the home had already experienced it before the confinement. Low levels of well-being (OR= 1.96, 95%CI: 1.28,2.99), and living in a home where job was lost due to contingency (OR= 1.96, 95%CI: 1.41,2.73) were associated factors. Conclusions. In care interventions, it is necessary to take into account factors that deepen the vulnerability of women, such as pre-existing violence and loss of employment.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Physical Activity among Medical Students of Jazan University: A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husam Eldin Elsawi Khalafalla ◽  
Mohamed Salih Mahfouz ◽  
Muath Hassan Ibrahim Najmi ◽  
Sayyaf Abdullah Mohammad Najmi ◽  
Qasem Ali Yahya Arishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The University ◽  
Study Participants

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is one of the most important factors that affect human health; it reduces the chances of hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, breast and colon cancer, and depression.OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to measure prevalence of physical activity and to determine the factors affecting the level of physical activity among medical student in Jazan University.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of medical colleges of Jazan University. A random sample of 419 was determined using most recent physical activity prevalence. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection.RESULTS: There is a high prevalence of inactivity among study participants (88.1%). Females (91.7%) were more significantly (p value=0.013) inactive than males (83.8%). The most influential barrier perceived by participants is (heavy) academic work as well as lack of places for physical activity; the latter factor being more effective in hindering female students' physical activity.CONCLUSION: Results revealed that the inactivity rate was very high among medical students. The results of this study call for a well-planned intervention at the university level for improving the level of physical activity among university students.

scholarly journals An investigation on the frequency of thoughts, readiness and suicide attempt in individuals with thalassemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1847-1853
Author(s):  
Sahar Attar ◽  
Nour Mohammad Bakhshani ◽  
Qasem Miri Aliabad
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World

Background and Aim: Thalassemia major is one of the most common chronic genetic diseases in the world and in Iran that can impose many adverse effects on the self and society. Psychologically, patients with thalassemia are under stress. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is important to identify the people who have the highest risk factors for suicide. The present research investigates the frequency of thoughts, readiness and suicide attempts in people with thalassemia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Its sample was 150 patients with thalassemia in the age range of 10 to 46 years whom we selected through census by sampling at convenience. We gave to patients a standardized Beck Suicide Thought Assessment Questionnaire. We analyzed the research data using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: From among 150 patients with thalassemia in this study, 57.3% of the respondents were male and 42.7% were female. The results showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between suicide thoughts and attempts and age (-0.234) (P <0.05). The mean prevalence of suicide in men (1.89) was significantly higher compared to women (0.79) (P <0.05). We did not observe significant difference in prevalence of suicide thoughts and attempts between married and single groups with a mean difference (0.69) (P <0.05) and, in different educational groups, no significant difference was reported (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that among patients with thalassemia, the prevalence of suicidal ideation has a significant percentage. Since suicidal ideation provides a platform for preparation and attempt to commit suicide, so by providing mental health services and regular screening, we can take an effective step to prevent this problem among patients with thalassemia. Keywords: Thalassemia, Suicidal ideation, Suicide.

scholarly journals Preditores de idealização suicida entre estudantes de medicina: uma revisão sistemática

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Victor Meireles Campos ◽  
Ieda Aleluia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Health Objective ◽  
De Medicina

BACKGROUND: Suicidal ideation is one of the main symptoms indicative of suicide attempts and suicide. According to the WHO, about 800,000 cases of suicide were reported around the world in 2014, which translates to an index of 1 suicide every 40 seconds. Medical students constitute a population at risk for the development of suicidal ideation. Several life factors may influence the risk of suicidal ideation, those being personality traits, social factors and mental health. OBJECTIVE: Identify the indicators of suicidal ideation among medical students during their academic training. METHODS: This is a systematic review carried out in the electronic databases Pubmed and BVS. Articles that addressed the subject of suicidal ideation among medical students in Portuguese, English and Spanish from 2008 to 2018 were included. RESULTS: We found 263 articles, of which 12 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the application of the STROBE statement, 6 articles were selected for the creation of this systematic review. The prevalence of suicidal ideation varied from 3.7% to 35.6% around the world and several factors were linked to the increase of suicidal ideation risk. CONCLUSION: A suicidal ideation is a frequent and multifactorial phenomenon that involves several realms of a medical student's life. The risk factors identified in this review were linked to the increased risk of suicidal ideation development.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of home delivery among women at Jimma town, Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Aynalem Yetwale ◽  
Eneyew Melkamu ◽  
Workiltu Ketema
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Jimma Town ◽  
Institutional Delivery Service

Background: Maternal and child mortality and morbidity are higher during childbirth in developing countries compared to developed countries. Institutional delivery service utilization is indispensable to improve maternal and child health.However, the proportion of women utilizing institutional delivery service in Ethiopia is very low. In addition, little is known about factors contributing to home delivery. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of home delivery and associated risk factors at Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was employed on 423 study participants. Data were collected by semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview. A systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants. After cleaning and checking completeness of collected data, data was entered into Epi data version 3.3.1 software and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 21.0 for analysis. Logistic regression was used to find out the association between explanatory and response variables. Explanatory variables which fulfill the assumption of logistic regression and had a P-value less than 0.25 from bi-variable logistic regression were considered for the multivariable logistic regression model. The strength of association was evaluated using odds ratio at 95% confidence interval (CI) and P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare significant associations. Results: The prevalence of home delivery in this study was 36.64% (n=155/423 and it had significant association with illiteracy AOR=2.7 [(95%CI); (1.37-5.43)], multi-gravida AOR=2.12 [(95%CI); (1.09-4.10)], history of antenatal care (ANC) follow up AOR=4.15 [(95%CI); (2.57-6.70)] and husband educational status AOR=13.5 [(95%CI); (2.86-63.62)]. Conclusion: The prevalence of home delivery in this study was high compared to world health organizational recommendation. Educational status of the mother, gravida, antenatal care follow up and husband educational status were factors that had a significant association. Women empowerment through educational opportunities, increase antenatal care follow up and male involvement in maternal health service are recommended

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