Gene Expression Analysis of Induced Plum Pox Virus Resistance in Peach (Prunus Persica) by Almond (P. Dulcis) Grafting

Abstract No natural sources of resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV, sharka disease) have been identified in peach. However, previous studies have demonstrated that grafting ‘Garrigues’ almond onto ‘GF305’ peach seedlings heavily infected with PPV can progressively reduce disease symptoms and virus accumulation. Furthermore, grafting ‘Garrigues’ onto ‘GF305’ has completely prevented virus infection. This study aims to analyse the rewiring of gene expression associated with this resistance to PPV transmitted by grafting through phloem using RNA-Seq and RTqPCR analysis. A total of 18 candidate genes were differentially expressed after grafting ‘Garrigues’ almond onto healthy ‘GF305’ peach. Among the up-regulated genes, a HEN1 homolog stands out, which, together with the differential expression of RDR- and DCL2-homologs in some of the conditions assayed, suggests that the RNA silencing machinery is activated by PPV infection and can contribute to the resistance induced by ‘Garrigues’ almond. Glucan endo -1,3-Beta D-Glucosidase could be also relevant for the ‘Garrigues’-induced response, since its expression is much higher in ‘Garrigues’ than in ‘GF305’. We also discuss the potential relevance of the following in PPV infection and ‘Garrigues’-induced resistance: several pathogenesis-related proteins, No apical meristem proteins, the transcription initiation factor TFIIB, the Speckle-type POZ protein and a number of proteins involved in phytohormone signalling.

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Gene Expression Analysis of Induced Plum pox virus (Sharka) Resistance in Peach (Prunus persica) by Almond (P. dulcis) Grafting

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22073585 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 3585

Author(s):

Manuel Rubio ◽

Pedro J. Martínez-García ◽

Azam Nikbakht-Dehkordi ◽

Ángela S. Prudencio ◽

Eva M. Gómez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Transcription Initiation ◽

Prunus Persica ◽

Initiation Factor ◽

Induced Response ◽

Plum Pox Virus ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Pathogenesis Related ◽

Related Proteins ◽

Sharka Resistance

No natural sources of resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV, sharka disease) have been identified in peach. However, previous studies have demonstrated that grafting a “Garrigues” almond scion onto “GF305” peach rootstock seedlings heavily infected with PPV can progressively reduce disease symptoms and virus accumulation. Furthermore, grafting a “Garrigues” scion onto the “GF305” rootstock has been shown to completely prevent virus infection. This study aims to analyse the rewiring of gene expression associated with this resistance to PPV transmitted by grafting through the phloem using RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR analysis. A total of 18 candidate genes were differentially expressed after grafting “Garrigues” almond onto healthy “GF305” peach. Among the up-regulated genes, a HEN1 homolog stands out, which, together with the differential expression of RDR- and DCL2-homologs, suggests that the RNA silencing machinery is activated by PPV infection and can contribute to the resistance induced by “Garrigues” almond. Glucan endo-1,3-beta D-glucosidase could be also relevant for the “Garrigues”-induced response, since its expression is much higher in “Garrigues” than in “GF305”. We also discuss the potential relevance of the following in PPV infection and “Garrigues”-induced resistance: several pathogenesis-related proteins; no apical meristem proteins; the transcription initiation factor, TFIIB; the speckle-type POZ protein; in addition to a number of proteins involved in phytohormone signalling.

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Transcription Initiation Factor TFIID Subunit 2

10.32388/i4p8fd ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Transcription Initiation ◽

Initiation Factor ◽

Transcription Initiation Factor

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of A universal nomenclature for subunits of the RNA polymerase III transcription initiation factor TFIIIB.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1008683.110059 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Richard J Maraia

Keyword(s):

Rna Polymerase ◽

Transcription Initiation ◽

Rna Polymerase Iii ◽

Initiation Factor ◽

Polymerase Iii ◽

Transcription Initiation Factor

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Patterns of Gene Expression Upon Infection of Soybean Plants by Phytophthora sojae

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi.2004.17.10.1051 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 1051-1062 ◽

Cited By ~ 146

Author(s):

Pat Moy ◽

Dinah Qutob ◽

B. Patrick Chapman ◽

Ian Atkinson ◽

Mark Gijzen

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Time Course ◽

Phytophthora Sojae ◽

Gene Microarray ◽

Pathogenesis Related ◽

Soybean Plants ◽

Related Proteins ◽

Phytoalexin Biosynthesis ◽

Host Tissues ◽

Mixed Samples

To investigate patterns of gene expression in soybean (Glycine max) and Phytophthora sojae during an infection time course, we constructed a 4,896-gene microarray of host and pathogen cDNA transcripts. Analysis of rRNA from soybean and P. sojae was used to estimate the ratio of host and pathogen RNA present in mixed samples. Large changes in this ratio occurred between 12 and 24 h after infection, reflecting the rapid growth and proliferation of the pathogen within host tissues. From the microarray analysis, soybean genes that were identified as strongly upregulated during infection included those encoding enzymes of phytoalexin biosynthesis and defense and pathogenesis-related proteins. Expression of these genes generally peaked at 24 h after infection. Selected lipoxygenases and peroxidases were among the most strongly downregulated soybean genes during the course of infection. The number of pathogen genes expressed during infection reached a maximum at 24 h. The results show that it is possible to use a single microarray to simultaneously probe gene expression in two interacting organisms. The patterns of gene expression we observed in soybean and P. sojae support the hypothesis that the pathogen transits from biotrophy to necrotrophy between 12 and 24 h after infection.

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