scholarly journals Salivary protein glycopatterns for natural regulation of oral microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Li ◽  
Jian Shu ◽  
Yu Hanjie ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xiameng Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Novel Theory ◽  
Dynamic Communities ◽  
Dietary Sugars ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The oral microbiota is the direct precursor of dental caries and periodontitis, which are the most common microbial-induced diseases worldwide. The distinct microenvironment at the oral barrier breeds unique microbial communities, which are regulated by host factors (inflammation or dietary sugars)1. Increasing evidence indicates that dysbiosis of oral microbial communities is associated with many human diseases2-5. Our studies demonstrated that human disease could induce different alterations in salivary protein glycopatterns6. However, the relationship between salivary protein glycopatterns and oral microbial communities is unknown. Here, we report that altered salivary protein glycopatterns, namely, fucosylated or sialylated structures induced by gastric cancer (GC) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), respectively, are also drivers of dysbiosis of oral microbial communities and ultimately dental caries and periodontitis. The fucosylated neoglycoproteins and sialic acid (SA) α2-3 galactose (Gal) structure can inhibit the growth or/and adhesion of Aggregatibacter segnis and Candida albicans from the oral cavity of patients with GC and T2DM, respectively. These findings provide a novel theory that dynamic communities of oral microbiota are regulated naturally by host salivary protein glycopatterns, having important implications for developing new carbohydrate drugs for oral and body health.

scholarly journals Salivary protein glycopatterns for natural regulation of oral microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Shu ◽  
Hanjie Yu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xilong Wang ◽  
Xiameng Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Novel Theory ◽  
Dynamic Communities

Abstract Background：Little is known about the relationship between salivary protein glycopatterns and oral microbial communities in the patients of gastric cancer (GC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods：In this study, the oral microbiome of healthy volunteers (HVs) and GC patients were detected using 16S rDNA sequencing. The Fucose-neoglycoproteins were synthesized and used to explore the effects of Fucose moiety against Aggregatibacter segnis (A. segnis). The sialoglycoproteins were isolated and used to assess the role of the Siaα2-3/6Gal-linked glycans against Candida albicans (C. albicans).Findings：The results showed that five species (e.g. A. segnis, Megasphaera micronuciformis) were significantly increased (p<0.05) while two species (Streptococcus salivarius and Oral taxon 870) were significantly decreased (p<0.01) in the saliva of GC patients compared to HVs. The adhesion of A. segnis could be inhibited by 30 μg/mL of fucose-neoglycoproteins. The growth and adhesion of C. albicans could be inhibited gradually by 50-400 μg/mL sialoglycoproteins. And Siaα2-3Gal moieties played a major role against the growth and adhesion of C. albicans.Interpretation：These findings provide a novel theory that dynamic communities of oral microbiota are regulated naturally by host salivary protein glycopatterns, having important implications for developing new carbohydrate drugs for oral and body health. Funding：This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81871955), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2020M673628XB), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2021JQ-446).

Impact of Physical Activity on the Incidence of Vascular Diseases in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1549
Author(s):  
Babak Pezeshki ◽  
Ehsan Bahramali ◽  
Amir Ansari ◽  
Aliasghar Karimi ◽  
Mojtaba Frajam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Major Complication ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disease worldwide and has many complications. The vascular events are the major complication of DM that have an important effect on mortality and disability. The physical activity (PA) enhances the vascular function by several pathways. The aim of this study was to evaluation of the relationship between PA and vascular diseases in patients with DM.Materials and Methods: This research was performed as the case-control study that was extracted from a prospective epidemiological research study in Iran (PERSIAN). The patients with type 2 DM more than six months defined as case group and the non-DM subjects in control group with ratio 1:2, and both groups were matched in the term of age and sex. The MET score was used to evaluate the level of PA and blood glucose, lipid profile, body mass index, overweight, dyslipidemia, glomerular filtration rate, myocardial infarction (MI), unstable angina, and stroke.Results: Overall, 1242 patients with DM were extracted, and 2484 non-diabetic subjects were investigated. In the case group, 355(28.6 %) and 887(71.4%) were men and women, respectively, the and 710 (28.6%) men and 1774(71.4%) women in control group. The mean MET score was 30 and 40.97 in the DM and non-DM groups, respectively (P˂0.001). The frequency of MI, stroke, and cardiac ischemia were 44 (3.5%), 37 (3%), and 267 (21.5%), respectively in DM group, and 54 (2.2%), 43 (1.7%), and 389 (15.7%), respectively in non-DM group.Conclusion: The incidence of vascular events associated with PA level in patients with DM and adherence to regular PA reduce the vascular events and DM complications. [GMJ.2019;inpress:e1549]

The Triad Nocturia, Smoking and Obstructive Sleep APnea

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1839-1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Trenchea ◽  
Ioan Anton Arghir ◽  
Gilda Georgeta Popescu ◽  
Stefan Rascu ◽  
Edwin Sever Bechir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sleep Breathing Disorders ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Transversal Study

In patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), a consequence of the intermittent hypoxia is nocturia. The frequency of nocturia related OSA is increased because many pathological pathways are present simultaneously. The aim was to assess the prevalence of nocturia among OSA patients and to identify the relationship with OSA and its comorbidities. A transversal study determining the prevalence of OSA�s comorbidities and nocturia related OSA and smoking was assessed, from 2011 to 2015, in 2 Romanian centres of Somnology, in Constanta county. All patients suspected of sleep breathing disorders were investigated by polygraphy and all patients diagnosed with OSA were recruited. Demographic and clinical characteristics were assessed, including the onset of nocturia. The comparison between groups with and without nocturia was performed using SPSS software, using Anova for numerical outcomes and c2 test for the categorical ones. Nocturia was highly prevalent (62.75 %) among 204 OSA patients, especially in elderly (p [ 0.00001). High blood pressure (hypertension), obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), smoking exposure were more frequently reported in the OSA patients presenting nocturia (p[0.05). Type 2 diabetes and cardiac failure were also frequent, but did not reach a significant threshold of 95%. In conclusion, the nocturia is a frequent symptom and it is influenced by the OSA severity and comorbidities as hypertension and COPD. A further multidisciplinary approach in these patients is justified, especially in smokers.

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