scholarly journals Lead acetate ecotoxicity in tropical soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rômulo CS Alexandrino ◽  
Francielle Lima ◽  
Gabriel C Martins ◽  
Tiago Natal-da-Luz ◽  
José Paulo Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Eisenia Andrei ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Invertebrate Species

Abstract Lead acetate (AcPb) is an important raw material used in chemical industries worldwide. The potential toxicity of AcPb is generally attributed to the presence of Pb. However, the effect of AcPb on the environment as a whole is still poorly known. This study aimed to evaluate AcPb toxicity on three standard species of soil invertebrates and two plant species using ecotoxicology tests. Three tropical soils (Oxisol, Inceptisol, and Tropical Artificial Soil (TAS)) were contaminated with different concentrations of AcPb and one dose of K-acetate (positive control). These soils were used in tests with Eisenia andrei (earthworm), Folsomia candida (springtail), Enchytraeus crypticus (enchytraeid), Zea mays (maize), and Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean). Dose-response curves obtained in the laboratory tests were used to estimate the EC50 values for each species. Among invertebrates, the highest sensitivity to AcPb was observed for E. crypticus in the TAS (EC50 = 29.8 mg AcPb kg− 1), whereas for E. andrei and F. candida the highest sensitivity was observed in the Oxisol (EC50 = 141.9 and 1835 mg AcPb kg− 1, respectively). Folsomia candida was the least sensitive invertebrate species to AcPb in all soils. Among plant species, Z. mays was less sensitive (EC50 = 1527.5 mg AcPb kg− 1) than P. vulgaris (EC50 = 560.5 mg AcPb kg− 1) in the Oxisol. The present study evidenced that the toxicity of AcPb should not be attributed uniquely to the presence of Pb, as the treatment containing uniquely Ac provoked the same toxicity as the highest dose of AcPb.

Effect of temperature on the toxicity of imidacloprid to Eisenia andrei and Folsomia candida in tropical soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 115565
Author(s):  
Felipe Ogliari Bandeira ◽  
Paulo Roger Lopes Alves ◽  
Thuanne Braúlio Hennig ◽  
Tânia Toniolo ◽  
Tiago Natal-da-Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Eisenia Andrei

Toxicity of imidacloprid to the earthworm Eisenia andrei and collembolan Folsomia candida in three contrasting tropical soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1997-2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Ogliari Bandeira ◽  
Paulo Roger Lopes Alves ◽  
Thuanne Bráulio Hennig ◽  
Aline Schiehl ◽  
Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Eisenia Andrei

Cocos nucifera L. oil alleviates lead acetate-induced reproductive toxicity in sexually-matured male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbemi T. Olaniyan ◽  
Olakunle A. Ojewale ◽  
Ayobami Dare ◽  
Olufemi Adebayo ◽  
Joseph E. Enyojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

Abstract Objectives Lead primarily affects male reproductive functions via hormonal imbalance and morphological damage to the testicular tissue with significant alteration in sperm profile and oxidative markers. Though, different studies have reported that Cocos nucifera L. oil has a wide range of biological effects, this study aimed at investigating the effect of Cocos nucifera L. oil on lead acetate-induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods Twenty (20) sexually matured male Wistar rats (55–65 days) were randomly distributed into four groups (n=5). Group I (negative control)—distilled water orally for 56 days, Group II (positive control)—5 mg/kg bwt lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days, Group III—6.7 mL/kg bwt Cocos nucifera L. oil orally for 56 days and Group IV—lead acetate intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 14 days and Cocos nucifera L. oil for orally for 56 days. Rats were sacrificed by diethyl ether, after which the serum, testis and epididymis were collected and used for semen analysis, biochemical and histological analysis. Results The lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testicular and epididymal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, while a significant reduction (p<0.05) in sperm parameters, organ weight, testosterone and luteinizing hormone was observed when compared with the negative control. The coadministration of Cocos nucifera oil with lead acetate significantly increases (p<0.05) testosterone, luteinizing hormone, sperm parameters and organ weight, with a significant decrease (p<0.05) in MDA levels compared with positive control. Histological analysis showed that lead acetate distorts testicular cytoarchitecture and germ cell integrity while this was normalized in the cotreated group. Conclusions Cocos nucifera oil attenuates the deleterious effects of lead acetate in male Wistar rats, which could be attributed to its polyphenol content and antioxidant properties.

Assessing the presence of microplastic particles in Tunisian agriculture soils and their potential toxicity effects using Eisenia andrei as bioindicator

2021 ◽  
pp. 148959
Author(s):  
Iteb Boughattas ◽  
Sabrine Hattab ◽  
Nesrine Zitouni ◽  
Marouane Mkhinini ◽  
Omayma Missawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eisenia Andrei ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Effects

Fabrication of Nanoscale Homogeneous Lead Azide@Carbon Fiber Film with Low Electrostatic Sensitivity by In-situ Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhan Yan ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Ji-Min Han ◽  
Haojie Li ◽  
Junda Huo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lead Azide ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Carbon Based

In this work, a nano-scale carbon-based lead azide initiating film was prepared by electrospinning, carbonization, azide, and other steps using cheap and easily available lead acetate as the raw material....

Toxicity of fipronil to Folsomia candida in contrasting tropical soils and soil moisture contents: effects on the reproduction and growth

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuanne Braúlio Hennig ◽  
Paulo Roger Lopes Alves ◽  
Tânia Toniolo ◽  
Felipe Ogliari Bandeira ◽  
William Eduardo dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Moisture Contents

Silymarin and dimercaptosuccinic acid ameliorate lead-induced nephrotoxicity and genotoxicity in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Alcaraz-Contreras ◽  
RP Mendoza-Lozano ◽  
ER Martínez-Alcaraz ◽  
M Martínez-Alfaro ◽  
MA Gallegos-Corona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Dimercaptosuccinic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

We studied the effect of silymarin and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), a chelating agent that was administered individually or in combination against lead (Pb) toxicity in rats. Wistar rats (200 ± 20) were randomly divided into five groups. Group A served as a control. Groups B–E were exposed to 2000 ppm of lead acetate in drinking water for 8 weeks. Group B served as a positive control. Group C received silymarin (100 mg kg−1 orally) for 8 weeks. Group D received DMSA (75 mg kg−1 orally) once daily for the last 5 days of treatment. Group E received DMSA and silymarin as groups C and D, respectively. The effect of Pb was evaluated and accordingly the treatments on blood lead levels (BLLs), renal system, and genotoxic effects were calculated using comet assay. The BLLs were significantly increased following the exposition of lead acetate. The administration of silymarin and DMSA provided reduction in BLLs. Silymarin and DMSA provided significant protection on the genotoxic effect of Pb. The toxic effect of Pb on kidneys was also studied. Our data suggest that silymarin and DMSA improve the renal histopathological lesions.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity of 8-Hydroxygenistein

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2090139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Shao ◽  
Tong Zhao ◽  
Hui-Ping Ma ◽  
Zheng-Ping Jia ◽  
Lin-Lin Jing
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biochanin A ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Total Antioxidant

It was reported that 8-hydroxygenistein (8-OHG) was synthesized by methylation, bromination, methoxylation, and demethylation using cheap and readily available biochanin A as raw material. All synthesized products were structurally confirmed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and 13C-NMR. In addition, we examined the antioxidant capacity of 8-OHG using 6 different methods such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging, 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical (ABTS) scavenging, nitric oxide radical (NO) scavenging, superoxide radical (O2 −•) scavenging, reducing power assay, and total antioxidant activity using ascorbic acid (VC) as a positive control. Compared with VC, 8-OHG exhibited higher total antioxidant activity and stronger scavenging activity on ABTS, NO, and O2 −•. These results indicate that 8-OHG is an excellent antioxidant agent and may be effective in preventing damage induced by free radical.

scholarly journals The strategies of water–carbon regulation of plants in a subtropical primary forest on karst soils in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (13) ◽  
pp. 4193-4203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Xuefa Wen ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Shenggong Li
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Carboxylase Activity ◽  
Carbon Regulation ◽  
Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Coexisting plant species in a karst ecosystem may use diverse strategies of trade off between carbon gain and water loss to adopt to the low soil nutrient and low water availability conditions. An understanding of the impact of CO2 diffusion and maximum carboxylase activity of Rubisco (Vcmax) on the light-saturated net photosynthesis (A) and intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) can provide insight into physiological strategies of the water–carbon regulation of coexisting plant species used in adaptation to karst environments at the leaf scale. We selected 63 dominant species (across 6 life forms) in a subtropical karst primary forest in southwestern China, measured their CO2 response curves, and calculated the corresponding stomatal conductance to CO2 (gs), mesophyll conductance to CO2 (gm), and Vcmax. The results showed that gs and gm varied about 7.6- and 34.5-fold, respectively, and that gs was positively related to gm. The contribution of gm to the leaf CO2 gradient was similar to that of gs. gs ∕ A, gm ∕ A and gt ∕ A was negatively related to Vcmax ∕ A. The relative limitations of gs (ls), gm (lm), and Vcmax (lb) to A for the whole group (combined six life forms) were significantly different from each other (P < 0.05). lm was the largest (0.38 ± 0.12), followed by lb (0.34 ± 0.14), and ls (0.28 ± 0.07). No significant difference was found between ls, lm, and lb for trees and tree/shrubs, while lm was the largest, followed by lb and ls for shrubs, grasses, vines and ferns (P < 0.05). iWUE varied about 3-fold (from 29.52 to 88.92 µmol CO2 mol−1 H2O) across all species, and was significantly correlated with gs, Vcmax, gm ∕ gs, and Vcmax ∕ gs. These results indicated that karst plants maintained relatively high A and low iWUE through the covariation of gs, gm, and Vcmax as an adaptation to a karst environment.

scholarly journals ID: 1084 Proliferative and differentiative effects of the Panax vietnamensis ethanol fraction on murine neural stem cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (S) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Huy Quang Do ◽  
Nhung Hai Truong ◽  
Thanh Thai Lam ◽  
Linh Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Dung Minh Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sphere Diameter ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
Ethanol Fraction

Background:Ginseng has been known since ancient time for its unique pharmaceutical effects on human health. Modern studies indicated that extracts of ginseng could improve a broad range of pathological conditions including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease. Panax vietnamensis, a new ginseng species recently discovered in Vietnam, has received much interest due to its high composition of both known and new saponins whose therapeutic effects have not yet fully evaluated. In this study, the proliferative and differentiative effects of different fractions of the extract of Panax vietnamensis on cultured neural stem cells would be assessed. Materials and methods: Fractions from the Panax vietnamensis were prepared following a successive extraction of the raw material using ethanol, n-butanol, ether ethylic, and water, respectively. Potential toxicity and proliferative effects of each fraction were assessed based on the increase in the sphere diameter in before further analyses. The percentage of cells in active phases, cell cycle- or differentiation-associated genes were analyzed using flow cytometry and real-time RT-PCR. Results:Our results revealed that supplementing media with 200 µg/ml of ethanol Panax vietnamensis fraction significantly increased diameters of neurospheres, also maintained the growth rate of the neurospheres compared with the control within the five-day period. Moreover, the results also demonstrated that the ginseng ethanol fraction and a known neurotrophic protein, NGF, affected the differentiation of the neural stem cells.   Conclusion:200 µg/ml ethanol fraction from the extract of Panax vietnamensis most significantly induced the proliferation of cultured neural stem cells. However, the higher concentration of the fraction seemed not to maintain the growth of neurospheres. Regarding differentiation, the ethanol fraction of Vietnamese ginseng possibly shared similar mechanisms with the neurotrophic growth factor.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document