scholarly journals Geochemistry of Street Dust in Tyumen, Russia: Influence of Traffic Load

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Moskovchenko ◽  
Roman Pozhitkov ◽  
Dzhamilya Ukarkhanova
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Organic Carbon Content

Abstract The article presents the results of studying the composition of road dust in Tyumen, a large city in Western Siberia. On roads with different traffic intensities, 50 dust samples were taken, in which the particle size distribution, pH, and organic carbon content were determined. The content of 62 major and trace elements was studied using atomic emission spectrometry (AES-MS) и inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was revealed that the dust has an alkaline reaction pH = 7.4 - 10.2, low organic carbon content (0.07 - 2.9%). The particle size distribution is dominated by particles PM = 100-250. The content of small particles (PM <2 and PM2-10) representing the greatest environmental hazard is minimal on roads with an average traffic intensity. Studies have shown that the main road dust pollutants in Tyumen are Ni, Sb, Cr, Zn, Co. The average geoaccumulation index (Igeo) values ​​are ranked as Ni (2.2) > Sb (1.5) > Cr (1.3) > Zn (0.4) > Co (0.4) > Cu (0.2). The contamination evaluation through enrichment factor (EF) calculation showed that road dust is highly enriched in Ni and significantly in Cr and Sb. More than 80% of Zn, Co, Cu and more than 90% of Ni, Sb, Cr come from anthropogenic sources. By the content of Ni and Cr, Tyumen surpasses all cities of the Earth where similar studies were carried out. The high Ni content is associated with the composition of local soils and roadways, increased content in vehicle exhaust gases, and abrasion of metal parts. Calculations of the total pollution indices (IPI and Zc) showed that the level of road dust pollution in most of Tyumen's territory is average, moderately hazardous.

Sources of organic matter in first flush runoff from urban roadways

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 1234-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wada ◽  
N. Takei ◽  
T. Sato ◽  
H. Tsuno
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
First Flush ◽  
The Road ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration

This study aims to explore the influential sources of organic matter in first flush runoff from urban roadways by comparing organic carbon content and particle size distribution in road dust with those from discharge from vehicles during rainfall. Samples on first flush runoff and road dust were collected from urban roadways. In addition, vehicle drainage was assumed to flow from vehicles during rainfall events, so vehicle wash-off water was collected by spraying water onto the top and from the underside of vehicles to simulate accumulation during a vehicle run. In road dust, the organic carbon content in the &lt;0.2 mm fraction was about twice that of the 0.2–2 mm fraction. The particle size distributions of both first flush runoff and vehicle wash-off water were similar, and particles &lt;0.2 mm contributed to over 95% of the total volume. The dissolved organic carbon concentration in the vehicle wash-off water was considerably higher than that in the road dust/water mixture. The total organic carbon content in road dust was positively correlated with annual daily traffic. Therefore, vehicles were thought to strongly influence the nature of road dust.

scholarly journals Comparison of analytical methods in testing soil fertility

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Raina Niskanen ◽  
Antti Jaakkola
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Bray 1

Analytical methods for testing soil fertility were compared in a material of 430 topsoil samples. The samples were analyzed for particle-size distribution, organic carbon content, pH(CaCl2), exchangeable Ca and Mg extracted with 1 M ammonium acetate (pH 7) and 1 M KCI, exchangeable K extracted with 1 M ammonium acetate (pH 7) and P extracted by the Bray 1 method. These soil properties were compared with the soil textural class and humus content class estimated visually, pH (H2O) and Ca, Mg, K and P extracted with acid ammonium acetate. The estimation of soil textural class was quite successful, but the content of organic matter was frequently underestimated. pH (H2O) and pH(CaCl2) were highly correlated and 95 % of the variation in pH (H2O) was explained by pH(CaCl2). Exchangeable Ca together with pH(CaCl2) explained about 90 % of the variation in Ca extracted with acid ammonium acetate. Exchangeable Mg explained about 70 % of the variation in Mg extracted with acid ammonium acetate. Exchangeable K explained 90 % of the variation in K extracted with acid ammonium acetate. The Bray 1 P and pH(CaCl2) explained 60 % of the variation in P extracted with acid ammonium acetate. pH(CaCl2), clay and organic carbon content explained 72—83 % of the variation in Ca. Mg, K and P were not highly dependent on pH, particle-size distribution and organic carbon content of soil.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characteristics, Particle Size Distribution and Total Hydrocarbon Content in Soil from Abandoned Landfill Site in Igbogene, Bayelsa state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-734
Author(s):  
S.A. Uzoekwe ◽  
U.L. Anekwe
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Landfill Site ◽  
Total Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Total Hydrocarbon Content

Most household and some industrial solid wastes end up in the landfill which is the commonest means of solid waste management in many parts of Baylesa state, Nigeria. This study assessed the physicochemical characteristics, particle size distribution and total hydrocarbon content in soil samples from abandoned landfill site in Igbogene, Bayelsa state, Nigeria by collecting samples from varying distances (50m, 100m and 150m) at a depth of 0-20cm and analyzed using standard methods. Results were in the range of 5.01 – 5.34 (pH), 0.73 – 0.98 meg/100g (Exchangeable Acidity), 2.45 – 3.48 meg/100g (sodium), 0.19 – 0.31 meg/100g (potassium), 3.94 – 5.33 meg/100g (calcium), 1.52 – 2.15 meg/100g (magnesium), 9.57 – 11.49 mg/kg (nitrate), 4.18 – 5.19 mg/kg (sulphate), 6.99 – 8.85 mg/kg (available phosphorus), 8.23 – 12.60 mg/kg (total hydrocarbon content), 76.48 – 100.25 mg/kg (chloride), 5.14 – 7.59 mg/kg (ammonium), 8.83 – 8.95% (clay), 2.70 – 3.10% (silt), 87.93 – 88.35% (sand), 2.62 – 3.58% (organic carbon), 4.51 – 6.16% (organic matter) and 0.22 – 0.33% (total nitrogen). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no significant deviations (p>0.05) across the various distances for all parameters except for organic carbon and matter, total nitrogen, potassium and ammonium. In addition, most of the  nutrients showed positive significant relationship at p<0.05. This suggests that at large the activities of old landfill in the study area is not influencing the soil characteristics under study. Rather the apparent decline in value away from old landfill may be due to mobility level of minerals in the soil toward the southwest direction, which the cluster analysis clearly showed. Keywords: Physicochemical Properties, Environmental Contamination, Hydrocarbon Content, Landfill

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