scholarly journals Model Smoke Stream Adsorption over Cellulose Acetate Stick with Three-dimensional Temperature Gradient by Combining in-situ DRIFTS with Infrared Thermal Imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xu ◽  
Xi Du ◽  
Feng Zheng ◽  
Lisheng Guo ◽  
Panwei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Mathematical Explanation ◽  
Infrared Thermal Imaging ◽  
Different Temperatures

Abstract Understanding the adsorption of the smoke stream (SR) on cellulose acetate stick as cigarette filter with different temperatures is beneficial for controlling chemical emissions and reducing the toxic effect of smoking on human health. However the investigation of corresponding adsorption properties was missing because the adsorption of smoke stream (SR) on cigarette cellulose acetate stick is sensitive with the three-dimensional temperature gradient. In this work, the adsorption of typical smoke stream substances, such as CO, propylene glycol, formaldehyde, and acetone, on cellulose acetate stick were studied by in-situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with different temperatures assisted by the infrared thermal imaging method. The adsorption capacities of cellulose acetate stick to these typical smoke stream substances is dependent on the adsorption time and temperature. The adsorption properties all fitted well with the Freundlich model. By a spectroscopic and mathematical explanation, quantifying contours of adsorption was performed. The 3D model of the normalized CO adsorption of cellulose acetate stick versus the spatial coordinates and time was established. This study gives unparalleled insight into smoking release characteristics of tobacco filtered by cellulose acetate and regulating cellulose acetate stick for reducing the negative effect of smoke on human health.

scholarly journals A Three-Dimensional Porous Conducting Polymer Composite with Ultralow Density and Highly Sensitive Pressure Sensing Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Dong Su ◽  
Xian-Sheng Jia ◽  
Jin-Tao Li ◽  
Tao Lou ◽  
Xu Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Aniline Monomer ◽  
Pressure Sensing ◽  
Sensing Properties ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Voltage Current Characteristic

An ultralight conducting polyaniline/SiC/polyacrylonitrile (PANI/SiC/PAN) composite was fabricated by in situ polymerization of aniline monomer on the surface of fibers in SiC/PAN aerogel. The SiC/PAN aerogel was obtained by electrospinning, freeze-drying, and heat treatment. The ingredient, morphology, structure, and electrical properties of the aerogel before and after in situ polymerization were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and voltage-current characteristic measurement. The thermostability of PANI/SiC/PAN composite was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and electrical resistance measured at different temperatures. The density of the PANI/SiC/PAN composite was approximately 0.211 g cm−3, the porosity was 76.44%, and the conductivity was 0.013 S m−1. The pressure sensing properties were evaluated at room temperature. The electrical resistance of as-prepared sample decreased gradually with the increase of pressure. Furthermore, the pressure sensing process was reversible and the response time was short (about 1 s). This composite may have application in pressure sensor field.

In situ thermal imaging and three-dimensional finite element modeling of tungsten carbide–cobalt during laser deposition

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (18) ◽  
pp. 5419-5429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhong Xiong ◽  
William H. Hofmeister ◽  
Zhao Cheng ◽  
John E. Smugeresky ◽  
Enrique J. Lavernia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Deposition ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

scholarly journals A Defect Detection Method for the Surface of Metal Materials Based on an Adaptive Ultrasound Pulse Excitation Device and Infrared Thermal Imaging Technology

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yibo Ai ◽  
Yingjie Zhang ◽  
Xingzhao Cao ◽  
Weidong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Crack Detection ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Resonance State ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pulse Excitation ◽  
Infrared Thermal Imaging ◽  
Imaging Technology

Ultrasonic excitation has been widely used in the detection of microcracks on metal surfaces, but there are problems such as poor excitation effect of ultrasonic pulse, long time to reach the best excitation, and difficult to find microcracks. In this paper, an adaptive ultrasonic pulse excitation device and infrared thermal imaging technology have been combined, as well as their control method, to solve the problem. The adaptive ultrasonic pulse excitation device adds intelligent modules to realize automatic adjustment of detection parameters, which can quickly obtain reliable excitation; the multidegree-of-freedom base realizes the three-dimensional direction change of the ultrasonic gun to adapt to different excitation occasions. When the appropriate ultrasonic excitation makes microcracks in the resonance state, the microcracks can be frictionated, which produce heat rise with the temperature. Then, the microcrack defect can be detected by the infrared thermal instrument through the different surface temperatures with imaging recognition method. Our detection experiments of the titanium alloy plates and the aluminum alloy profiles of marine engineering show that the method can get reliable detection parameters in a short time and measure the crack length effectively. It can be used in many aspects such as crack detection in mechanical structures or complex equipment operating conditions and industrial production processes.

Preliminary Studies on the Functional and Structural Design of Forest Fire Helmet

2011 ◽  
Vol 228-229 ◽  
pp. 605-609
Author(s):  
Bo Li ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Hong Ze Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Infrared Thermal Imaging ◽  
Processing Software ◽  
Forest Fire Protection

In order to improve the performance of forest fire protection equipment, this paper proposes a new design concept of modern forest fire helmet. The scheme combines the functions of infrared thermal imaging, wireless communication and emergency oxygen making, which not only meets the security requirements in firemen’s present working, but also accords with the development of fire helmets at home and abroad. This helmet adopts the design conception of integration structurally, its weight and operation difficulty are both reduced, at the same time, accords with the Man-Machine Engineering. Moreover, using the three-dimensional processing software, this study realizes a simulation model of the designed forest fire helmet.

Quantitative Three-Dimensional Imaging of Heterogeneous Materials by Thermal Tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heterogeneous Materials ◽  
Thermal Effusivity ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Multilayer Material ◽  
Infrared Thermal Imaging ◽  
Thermal Tomography

Infrared thermal imaging based on active thermal excitations has been widely used for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of materials. While the experimental systems have remained essentially the same during the last few decades, development of advanced data-processing methods has significantly improved the capabilities of this technology. However, many limitations still exist. One fundamental limitation is the requirement, either explicitly or implicitly, of the tested material to be homogeneous such that detected thermal contrasts may be used to determine an average material property or attributed to flaws. In this paper, a new thermal tomography (TT) method is introduced, which for the first time can evaluate heterogeneous materials by directly imaging their thermal-property variations with space. It utilizes one-sided flash thermal-imaging data to construct the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of thermal effusivity in the entire volume of a test sample. Theoretical analyses for single and multilayer material systems were conducted to validate its formulation and to demonstrate its performance. Experimental results for a ceramic composite plate and a thermal barrier coating (TBC) sample are also presented. It was shown that thermal diffusion is the primary factor that degrades the spatial resolution with depth for TT; the spatial resolutions in the lateral and axial directions were quantitatively evaluated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document