Biomolecular Characterization of Bacillus tequilensis A1C1 Isolated from Soil and Chromatographic Analysis of D-serine in its Cellular Fraction

10.21203/rs.3.rs-935178/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shikha Kapil ◽

Monika Bhattu ◽

Tarun Kumar ◽

Vipasha Sharma

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Enzymes ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Standard Curve ◽

Intracellular Fraction ◽

Cellular Fraction ◽

Negative Results ◽

Lactose Fermentation ◽

Bacillus Tequilensis ◽

Soil Site

Abstract The bacteria isolated from the pomace dumping soil site (bacteria id A1C1) showed maximum growth (O.D600 = 1.97±0.4 X 109 cells/ml) within 48h in the minimal salt media supplemented with L-serine. The isolated strain was identified as ‘Bacillus tequilensis’ through 16sRNA sequencing. The strain was quantified for D-serine content by using RP-HPLC. The D-serine concentration was calculated as 0.919±0.02 nM in the bacterial cellular fraction by using a standard curve plot and linear curve equation. Further, recovery % was also calculated for the spiked samples which vary from 85-90%. The study’s peculiarity reflects the fact that the isolated strain was explored for the first time to detect the presence of serine enantiomers. The biochemical features also showed 70% similarity to the standard strain Bacillus tequilensis 10bT. The optimum growth parameters were recorded as 37℃±0.5, 150±0.5 RPM, and 7±0.5pH. The strain was Gram-positive and synthesized endospores. Morphological results showed its rod shape, large, irregular, and off-white-coloured colonies. A1C1 was also tested for the production of secondary metabolites and enzymes. A1C1 showed positive results for indole production, lactose fermentation, protease, and gelatinase whereas, negative results for catalase, MR-VP, citrate utilization, cellulase, amylase, and pectinase. Further, the strain was assayed for PGPR attributes and showed a negative phosphate solubilization index and IAA production. The antibacterial assay showed 5% and 2% efficacy of the extracellular fraction against MTCC 40 and MTCC 11949 respectively. These results demonstrate that Bacillus tequilensis A1C1 has antibacterial activity, the potential to secrete extracellular enzymes, and D-serine content in the intracellular fraction of the cultivated cells.

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Biomolecular Characterization of Bacillus tequilensis A1C1 Isolated from Soil and Chromatographic Analysis of D-serine in its Cellular Fraction

10.21203/rs.3.rs-935178/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shikha Kapil ◽

Monika Bhattu ◽

Tarun Kumar ◽

Vipasha Sharma

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Enzymes ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Standard Curve ◽

Intracellular Fraction ◽

Cellular Fraction ◽

Negative Results ◽

Lactose Fermentation ◽

Bacillus Tequilensis ◽

Soil Site

Abstract The bacteria isolated from the pomace dumping soil site (bacteria id A1C1) showed maximum growth (O.D600 = 1.97 ± 0.4 X 109 cells/ml) within 48h in the minimal salt media supplemented with L-serine. The isolated strain was identified as ‘Bacillus tequilensis’ through 16sRNA sequencing. The strain was quantified for D-serine content by using RP-HPLC. The D-serine concentration was calculated as 0.919 ± 0.02 nM in the bacterial cellular fraction by using a standard curve plot and linear curve equation. Further, recovery % was also calculated for the spiked samples which vary from 85–90%. The study’s peculiarity reflects the fact that the isolated strain was explored for the first time to detect the presence of serine enantiomers. The biochemical features also showed 70% similarity to the standard strain Bacillus tequilensis 10bT. The optimum growth parameters were recorded as 37℃±0.5, 150 ± 0.5 RPM, and 7 ± 0.5pH. The strain was Gram-positive and synthesized endospores. Morphological results showed its rod shape, large, irregular, and off-white-coloured colonies. A1C1 was also tested for the production of secondary metabolites and enzymes. A1C1 showed positive results for indole production, lactose fermentation, protease, and gelatinase whereas, negative results for catalase, MR-VP, citrate utilization, cellulase, amylase, and pectinase. Further, the strain was assayed for PGPR attributes and showed a negative phosphate solubilization index and IAA production. The antibacterial assay showed 5% and 2% efficacy of the extracellular fraction against MTCC 40 and MTCC 11949 respectively. These results demonstrate that Bacillus tequilensis A1C1 has antibacterial activity, the potential to secrete extracellular enzymes, and D-serine content in the intracellular fraction of the cultivated cells.

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Biomolecular Characterization of Bacillus tequilensis A1C1 Isolated from Soil and Chromatographic Analysis of D-serine in its Cellular Fraction

10.21203/rs.3.rs-935178/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shikha Kapil ◽

Monika Bhattu ◽

Tarun Kumar ◽

Vipasha Sharma

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Enzymes ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Standard Curve ◽

Intracellular Fraction ◽

Cellular Fraction ◽

Negative Results ◽

Lactose Fermentation ◽

Bacillus Tequilensis ◽

Soil Site

Abstract The bacteria isolated from the pomace dumping soil site (bacteria id A1C1) showed maximum growth (O.D600 = 1.97±0.4 X 109 cells/ml) within 48h in the minimal salt media supplemented with L-serine. The isolated strain was identified as ‘Bacillus tequilensis’ through 16sRNA sequencing. The strain was quantified for D-serine content by using RP-HPLC. The D-serine concentration was calculated as 0.919±0.02 nM in the bacterial cellular fraction by using a standard curve plot and linear curve equation. Further, recovery % was also calculated for the spiked samples which vary from 85-90%. The study’s peculiarity reflects the fact that the isolated strain was explored for the first time to detect the presence of serine enantiomers. The biochemical features also showed 70% similarity to the standard strain Bacillus tequilensis 10bT. The optimum growth parameters were recorded as 37℃±0.5, 150±0.5 RPM, and 7±0.5pH. The strain was Gram-positive and synthesized endospores. Morphological results showed its rod shape, large, irregular, and off-white-coloured colonies. A1C1 was also tested for the production of secondary metabolites and enzymes. A1C1 showed positive results for indole production, lactose fermentation, protease, and gelatinase whereas, negative results for catalase, MR-VP, citrate utilization, cellulase, amylase, and pectinase. Further, the strain was assayed for PGPR attributes and showed a negative phosphate solubilization index and IAA production. The antibacterial assay showed 5% and 2% efficacy of the extracellular fraction against MTCC 40 and MTCC 11949 respectively. These results demonstrate that Bacillus tequilensis A1C1 has antibacterial activity, the potential to secrete extracellular enzymes, and D-serine content in the intracellular fraction of the cultivated cells.

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Isolation and Characterization of a Bacterial Strain Enterobacter cloacae (Accession No. KX438060.1) Capable of Degrading DDTs Under Aerobic Conditions and Its Use in Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil

Microbiology Insights ◽

10.1177/11786361211024289 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 117863612110242

Author(s):

Sonal Suman ◽

Tanuja

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soil ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Enterobacter Cloacae ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Bacterial Degradation ◽

Biochemical Tests ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

16S Rna ◽

Degrading Bacteria

DDT is one of the most persistent pesticides among all the different types of organo-chlorine pesticides used. Among all the degradation methods, bacterial degradation of DDT is most effective. The present study was conducted to isolate different bacteria present in waste samples which have the ability to degrade DDT present in the soil in the minimum possible period of time and to observe the effect of different physical and chemical properties of the soil samples. Many pesticide degrading bacteria were isolated and identified through cultural, biochemical tests and further identified by 16S RNA sequencing method. The most potent strain DDT 1 growth in mineral salt medium supplemented with DDT as the only source of carbon (5-100 PPM) and was monitored at an optical density of 600 nm. The growth parameters at different physio-chemical conditions were further optimized. The result showed that Enterobacter cloacae had maximum growth in 15 days. FTIR analysis of the residual DDT after 15 days incubation showed that Enterobacter cloacae was able to degrade pesticide into its further metabolites of DDD, DDE, DDNU and other components can be used for biodegradation of DDT present in contaminated soil and water ecosystems.

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Efficacy of Experimental Mouth Rinses on Caries-Related Biofilms in vitro

Frontiers in Oral Health ◽

10.3389/froh.2021.676028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

Author(s):

Josiana Steiger ◽

Olivier Braissant ◽

Tuomas Waltimo ◽

Monika Astasov-Frauenhoffer

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Screening Method ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Maximum Growth Rate ◽

Screening Process ◽

Mouth Rinses ◽

Amine Fluoride

This study assessed the efficacy of tin and Polyethylenglycol (PEG-3) tallow aminopropylamine in different concentrations on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilms to establish a new screening process for different antimicrobial agents and to gain more information on the antibacterial effects of these agents on cariogenic biofilms. Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) was used to determine differences in two growth parameters: lag time and growth rate; additionally, reduction in active biofilms was calculated. Experimental mouth rinses with 400 and 800 ppm tin derived from stannous fluoride (SnF2) revealed results (43.4 and 49.9% active biofilm reduction, respectively) similar to meridol mouth rinse (400 ppm tin combined with 1,567 ppm PEG-3 tallow aminopropylamine; 55.3% active biofilm reduction) (p > 0.05), while no growth of S. mutans biofilms was detected during 72 h for samples treated with an experimental rinse containing 1,600 ppm tin (100% active biofilm reduction). Only the highest concentration (12,536 ppm) of rinses containing PEG-3 tallow aminopropylamine derived from amine fluoride (AmF) revealed comparable results to meridol (57.5% reduction in active biofilm). Lower concentrations of PEG-3 tallow aminopropylamine showed reductions of 16.9% for 3,134 ppm and 33.5% for 6,268 ppm. Maximum growth rate was significantly lower for all the samples containing SnF2 than for the samples containing control biofilms (p < 0.05); no differences were found between the control and all the PEG-3 tallow aminopropylamine (p > 0.05). The growth parameters showed high reproducibility rates within the treated groups of biofilms and for the controls; thus, the screening method provided reliable results.

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Anaerobic Treatment of Industrial Wastewater Containing Organic Solvents

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1994.0500 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (9) ◽

pp. 321-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Evangelos Terzis

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Organic Solvents ◽

Industrial Effluent ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Anaerobic Treatment ◽

Maximum Growth Rate ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Precise Control ◽

Water Charges ◽

High Concentrations

Industrial water usage results in large volumes of liquid wastes rich in organic pollutants. Waste waters from certain industrial chemical operations (e.g. organic synthesis, perfume industry) will sometimes contain organic solvents at relatively high concentrations. The presence of organic solvents is undesirable in the sewerage system and so must be removed from the industrial effluent. Anaerobic treatment of many of these organic solvents is possible, in which the organic material is converted ~90% to volatile substances -carbon dioxide and methane gas- and ~10% to new bacterial cells (solids). Industry will be using less water in the future. Increased water charges will lead to more precise control and integrated processes will reduce wastage. The smaller volumes of more concentrated waste will be ideal for anaerobic digestion. In order to evaluate the optimum conditions for the anaerobic digestion of propan-2-ol (iso-propanol) the kinetic parameters of the Monod rate model, namely, maximum growth rate (µm), yield (Y), half velocity constant (Ks) and endogenous decay coefficient (Kd), were determined at the temperature range 25°-40°C, inclusively. The regulatory role of molecular hydrogen was investigated and discussed, and also its possible use as a monitor feature in the anaerobic digestion.

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Azolla as an Alternative of Mineral Nitrogen for Chamomile Plant (Matricaria chamomilla L.) Fertilization in Sandy Soil

Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition ◽

10.9734/ajsspn/2019/v5i430074 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Kawthar, A. E. Rabie ◽

M. H. El-Sherif ◽

R. M. El-Shahat ◽

Fatma, S. I. Ali

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Sandy Soil ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Volatile Oil ◽

Mineral Nitrogen ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Nitrate And Nitrite

Two pot experiments were carried out during the two successive seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/ 2012 to apply mineral nitrogen and/or Azolla at different methods of addition with a reduction of mineral nitrogen fertilizer and its effect on vegetative growth, the yield of inflorescences, total phenolic concentration, antioxidant activity, nitrate and nitrite concentrations and the volatile oil concentrations and composition of chamomile inflorescences in sandy soil. Data indicated that dry Azolla (DA) treatments increased significantly plant height, number of branches/plant, shoot fresh and dry weights and number of inflorescences/plant against the rest treatments. It is clear that DA singly induced maximum growth parameters in both seasons and the reverse was true with fresh Azolla (FA) alone. It is obvious that DA achieved the highest total phenolic concentrations, antioxidant activity and volatile oil (VO) concentrations, and the opposite response was true for nitrate & nitrite concentrations. Addition of 50% ammonium nitrate to 50% FA or 50% Azolla extract as foliar (spray Azolla) SA have positive effect on chemical constituents except nitrate and nitrite concentrations. It is evident that the highest chamazulene and α ̶ bisabolol oxide ̶ B were achieved with DA and the reverse was true for α ̶ bisabolol oxide ̶ A. Dry Azolla treatment alone was the most efficient one in increasing the yield production with increment in active substances of chamomile plant in sandy soil.

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Optimum Potassium Concentrations in Recirculating Subirrigation for Selected Greenhouse Crops

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.6.1441 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 1441-1444 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Trisha Blessington Haley ◽

David Wm. Reed

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

New Guinea ◽

Middle Layer ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Bottom Layer ◽

Growing Medium ◽

K Fertilizer ◽

K Concentration ◽

New Guinea Impatiens ◽

Recommended Level

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of K fertilizer rates on growth of New Guinea impatiens (Impatiens Hawkeri Bull.), vinca (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don) and petunia (Petunia ×hybrida Hort. Vilm.-Andr.) in a recirculating subirrigation system. Based on a variety of growth parameters, a broad range of K concentrations allowed maximum growth, notably 1 to 6 mM for New Guinea impatiens `Ovation Salmon Pink Swirl', 2 mm for New Guinea impatiens `Cameo' and `Illusion', 2 to 8 mm for vinca `Pacifica Apricot', and 2 to 16 mm for petunia `Trailing Wave Misty Lilac'. Thus, the lowest concentration that allowed maximum growth was 1 to 2 mm K. A third experiment compared the optimum K concentration and K balance of vinca grown with recirculating subirrigation versus top-watering. Based on a variety of growth parameters of vinca `Pacifica Red', the lowest concentration that allowed maximum growth was 2 mm K with recirculating subirrigation and 4 mm K with top-watering. The K balance demonstrated that subirrigated plants were twice as efficient in K use compared to the top-watered plants. Leachate loss was the major contributor to inefficiency in top-watered plants. Electrical conductivity (EC) of the growing medium remained below the recommended level of 1.2 dS·m-1 in both irrigation methods at K concentrations of 16 mm and below in the bottom layer and 8 mm and below in the middle layer. In the top layer of the growing medium, EC was above the recommended level at all K concentrations tested in subirrigation at all concentrations, and in top-watering at 16 mm and above.

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DEVELOPMENT OF A NUTRIENT SOURCE FOR SUSTAINING LOW CONCENTRATIONS IN GREENHOUSE SUBSTRATES

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1170f ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1170f-1170

Author(s):

Kimberly A. Williams ◽

Paul V. Nelson

Keyword(s):

Soil Solution ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Cropping System ◽

Chrysanthemum Morifolium ◽

Peat Moss ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Nutrient Source ◽

Biotechnological Production ◽

Liquid Fertilization

A sustained release nutrient source suitable for maintaining steady, low (1 mM) N concentrations in the soil solution was sought as a component to be used in a system for reducing nutrients in the effluent of an open greenhouse cropping system. Several nutrient sources were evaluated as a N source incorporated singly in a medium of 1 sphagnum peat moss: 1 vermiculite and used to produce Chrysanthemum × morifolium `Sunny Mandalay'. All nutrients except N were applied additional to the sources tested. Sources tested included specific non-viable bacterial (B) and fungal (F) organisms from commercial biotechnological production lines, a microbial sludge mixture (S) from waste-water treatment, poultry waste-methane generator sludge (PS), mico-Osmocote (O), unsteamed bonemeal (BM), poultry feather meal (FM), and three-yeer aged pine needles (PM) at rates from 0.15 to 1.3 kg N·m-3. Based on periodic vacuum extracted soil solution analyses, leaf analyses, and plant growth, the efficacy of sources was in the order B, O> BM> S> PS> F, FM> PN. The 3 best sources provided sufficient N for 6 weeks; however, growth parameters did not differ from a complete liquid fertilization control until after 9 weeks. N in soil solution from the bacterial cells was at weeks 1, 3, 5, and 7: 142, 200, 73, and 3, mg·l-1, respectively.

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(126) Response of Six Begonia Species to Different Substrate EC

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1085d ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1085D-1085

Author(s):

Ka Yeon Jeong ◽

Claudio Pasian ◽

David Tay

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth Parameter ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Stem Length ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

Limited Information ◽

Spad Value ◽

Parameter Values

There is limited information on optimal substrate EC level for begonia species (noncultivated hybrids). The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of six species to different substrate EC in a greenhouse. Begonia albopicta, B. cucullata var. cucullata, B. echinosepala var. elongatifolia, B. holtonis, B. fuchsioides (red) and B. fuchsioides (pink) plants were propagated by stem cuttings, and transplanted into plastic pots using a soilless mix. Five concentrations (20, 80, 200, 400, and 600 mg·L-1 N) of 17–5–17 fertilizer were applied as irrigation water to derive the five substrate EC levels. This experiment was a factorial randomized complete-block design. Substrate EC was measured weekly using the PourThru method and averaged for each treatment of each species. Inflorescence number, the longest stem length, SPAD readings, leaf area, and dry weight of each plant were measured as growth parameters. There were significant responses to substrate EC level and species on begonia growth parameters. The highest growth parameters of B. albopicta and B. cucullata were obtained at EC 5.7 and 6.6 mS·cm-1, respectively. The maximum growth of B. echinosepala and B. holtonis was observed at 2.6 and 3.0 mS·cm-1, respectively. B. fuchsioides, grown at 1.2 mS·cm-1, had the best growth parameter values. As EC level increased, SPAD value for B. fuchsioides (pink) and B. holtonis also increased. The highest SPAD reading was observed at EC 3.7 mS·cm-1 for B. albopicta, EC 6.6 mS·cm-1 for B. cucullata, EC 2.6 mS·cm-1 for B. echinosepala, and EC 4.1 mS·cm-1 for B. fuchsioides (red). Plant mortality of several begonia species was observed when grown at EC value above 6.4 or below 4.4 mS·cm-1.

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