scholarly journals How Young is a 300-Year-Old Wetland? The Case of the Pantanal Marimbus, Chapada Diamantina, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Marcelo Lima ◽  
Kita Macário ◽  
Alexandre Costa ◽  
Eduardo Alves ◽  
Joaquim Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Deciduous Trees ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Main River ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract The Chapada Diamantina, in Northeastern Brazil, is one of the few places where one can find drylands with a backswamp containing hundreds of dead deciduous trees in the floodplain. During the 18th century, the region was globally important due to the exploration of mineral resources. The death of these trees was caused by mining activities that silted the main river, leading to the impoundment of the tributary river, and resulting in a wetland known as Pantanal Marimbus, having as indicators: (i) backswamp morphological feature that remains permanently flooded in the axis of the fluvial course, and (ii) alluvial fans concentrated in one footslope area where mining activities at the Chapada Diamantina were also concentrated. The hydrological and sedimentological behavior was investigated to multi-methods. By analysing four different samples from the bark and core of the same tree, we obtained calibrated radiocarbon dates within the 18th century. For no robust dendrochronology could be performed, a simple sequence model was built, revealing a high probability that the tree lived until approximately 1700 AD. 14C-AMS measured pioneering possible to evaluate the 300-years-old wetlands juvenile evolutionary state.

scholarly journals The intrinsic roles of regulatory instruments in mining operations

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Kola Odeku
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Regulatory Instruments ◽  
Intrinsic Roles ◽  
Practice Approach ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
And Control

Prospecting and exploiting natural mineral resources for economic growth and development could be beneficial if done in sustainable ways and manners. However, if the operation is done in such a way that cause harm to the environment and people, this will amount to unsustainable mining activity and anti-sustainable development. Therefore, there is need to ensure that appropriate and adequate plans and programmes are put in place in order to mitigate, minimise and avoid negative environmental impacts. Against the backdrop of these concerns and the need to ensure that the environment is not degraded and destroyed, South Africa, as part of the countries that promotes sustainable prospecting and mining has put in place and currently implementing tools known as environmental management plan and programme to regulate and control all prospecting and mining activities. These tools contain a bundle of remedial actions in the forms of compensation, rehabilitation and restoration of any harm done to the environment during the course of mining activities. They also contain information on mitigation, ingredients for good practice approach on how to conduct sustainable prospecting and mining. This article looks at the intrinsic roles of these tools and accentuates the importance and operations of their use in the decision making processes.

A new species of Leptodactylus Fitzinger (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leptodactylinae) from montane rock fields of the Chapada Diamantina, northeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3701 (3) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
THIAGO RIBEIRO DE CARVALHO ◽  
FELIFE SÁ FORTES LEITE ◽  
TIAGO LEITE PEZZUTI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
A New Species

scholarly journals A new Moenkhausia Eigenmann, 1903 (Ostariophysi: Characiformes) from Chapada Diamantina, rio Paraguaçu Basin, Bahia, Northeastern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo C. Benine ◽  
Ricardo M. C. Castro ◽  
Alexandre C. A. Santos
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Median Line ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Fin Rays

Moenkhausia diamantina, new species, is described from tributaries of the rio Paraguaçu, BA, northeastern Brazil. This species is distinguished from all congeners by features of body color pattern, the presence of scales on the predorsal median line and the number of anal-fin rays.

Tributary-junction alluvial fan response to an ENSO rainfall event in the El Huasco watershed, northern Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Cabré ◽  
Germán Aguilar ◽  
Anne E. Mather ◽  
Víctor Fredes ◽  
Rodrigo Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flows ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Main River ◽  
Longitudinal Connectivity

Tributary-junction alluvial fans situated at the intersection of confined valleys with <100 km2 tributary catchments are of special interest to evaluate the heterogeneous consequences of extreme rainfall events in arid zones. These fans record the episodic sedimentological behaviour of the hillslope response to rainstorm events within tributary catchments, together with the influence on the main fluvial systems. In this paper, we benefit from the March 2015 event (23–26 March 2015), which produced 75–46 mm of precipitation over four days in the southern portion of the Atacama Desert. This storm event triggered several debris flows in El Huasco River watershed tributaries and, therefore, tributary-junction alluvial fans received a total of ∼106 m3 of sediments across 49 activated catchments. We find that the characteristic storm signature across the catchments can be synthetised in a conceptual fan formation model based on field mapping of facies (F1 to F6) present in the fans. The characteristic signature is a record of initially high sediment-to-water flows restricted to the fan environments (mainly debris flows) followed by later, more dilute (mainly hyper-concentrated to fluvial) flows that incise the tributary-junction alluvial fan deposits and link tributary catchments with the main river. These later-stage flood event deposits, locally, are capable of ponding and compartmentalising the main river where the longitudinal connectivity of the tributary-junction catchment is effective. This situation improves tributary-junction fan slope and main-trunk-channel linkages. This approach provides a reference framework for understanding the distribution and routing of effective runoff from similar rainfall events that control the aggradation and incision of the fluvial system, which is of great value when studying past stratigraphic arrangements in these arid alleys.

scholarly journals The blind catfish from the caves of Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae): description, anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, natural history, and biogeography

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio A. Bockmann ◽  
Ricardo M. C. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Transverse Process ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Group Relationships

Rhamdiopsis krugi, a new troglobitic heptapterid catfish, is described from the caves of Chapada Diamantina, State of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. This species, although frequently cited in the scientific literature along the last seventeen years, remained undescribed largely due to its uncertain phylogenetic affinities. The generic assignment of R. krugi was clouded largely by its high number of unusual morphological features (some related to cave life), for instance: absence of eyes and body pigmentation; presence of a widely exposed pseudotympanum; posterior border of the anterior branch and anterior margin of the arborescent portion of the posterior branch of the transverse process of fourth vertebra joined; dorsal hypural plate commonly with seven rays; ventral caudal plate usually with six rays; dorsal and ventral caudal-fin lobes typically with six branched fin rays each; 38-39 vertebrae; anal fin with 14-17 rays; and lateral line very short. Rhamdiopsis krugi can be easily distinguished from its congeners, R. microcephala and R. moreirai, by its troglomorphic features and by the presence of a shorter lateral line, fewer vertebrae and anal-fin rays, pattern of branching of caudal-fin rays, and several attributes of skeletal system. The affinities of this new species are discussed in light of current phylogenetic knowledge of the family Heptapteridae. Incongruent derived characters do not allow selection of a particular hypothesis of sister group relationships among species of Rhamdiopsis. The occurrence of R. krugi in the rio Paraguaçu basin is possibly due to an event of hydrological capture from a section of the middle portion of the rio São Francisco basin, caused by tectonic events. The semi-arid region where R. krugi presently lives was probably covered by a wide forested area during a humid cycle in Quaternary. A summary of natural history and ecology data of R. krugi, as well as notes on its conservation, are provided. We also offer comments on the morphological plasticity of R. krugi.

Macro and microcharacters reveal a new species of Dichanthelium (Poaceae, Panicoideae) endemic to sandy soils of the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, northeastern Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 447 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-162
Author(s):  
ANDREZA O. MATOS ◽  
JOSEANE S. CARNEIRO ◽  
IASMIN L. C. OLIVEIRA ◽  
KELLY R. B. LEITE ◽  
CHRISTIAN SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
The Family ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Reproductive Characters

Dichanthelium is a genus belonging to the family Poaceae, included in the subfamily Panicoideae. It is widely distributed on the American continent, from Canada to Argentina. In Brazil, several species are endemic, mainly to the Chapada Diamantina, the Bahian portion of the Espinhaço range. One of them, D. cumbucana, has a problematic circumscription. During the preparation of a taxonomic account of Dichanthelium for Bahia, we found some specimens from Morro do Chapéu, a municipality of the northern portion of Chapada Diamantina, to be similar to D. cumbucana, but with distinguishing features. After morphological, anatomical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, we found significant differences in the vegetative and reproductive characters of these specimens. Based on these data, we consider these specimens to be part of an independent taxon, herein described as the new species D. arenicola, which is only known from areas of sandy soils associated with “campo rupestre” vegetation. We also provide illustrations, data on habitat and distribution, as well as a conservation status assessment for the new species.

PERINOTIA DIAMANTINASP. NOV., A NEW DIATOM SPECIES FROM THE CHAPADA DIAMANTINA, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ferrari ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Wetzel ◽  
Luc Ector ◽  
Saúl Blanco ◽  
João Cláudio Cerqueira Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Chapada Diamantina

Usage Urban Sludge to Closed Mine Reclamation and Slope Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1049-1050 ◽  
pp. 300-303
Author(s):  
Hua Wei Liu ◽  
Tian Ju Yao
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Mine Reclamation ◽  
Abandoned Mine ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
High Slope ◽  
Slope Treatment ◽  
Ecological Recovery ◽  
Utilization Function

The development of mining activities had destructed and occupied a large amount of land resource, the ecological recovery has become one of the urgent problems of current world especially in China. Mine reclamation can revivify the utilization function of mining land, protect the farming land and renovate the ecologic environment. Zhu Ma-dian has rich mineral resources, part of the mine resources dried up after many years of mining activities, the reclamation of the closed mine pits and abandoned mine land is very urgent. This paper briefly introduces the use city sewage sludge to reclamation of the closed mine pits and abandoned mine land and treat high slope.

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